본문

서브메뉴

Novel Optical Metasurfaces: From Machine-Learning Enabled Nanophotonic Design to Colloidal Metamaterials
Novel Optical Metasurfaces: From Machine-Learning Enabled Nanophotonic Design to Colloidal...
Novel Optical Metasurfaces: From Machine-Learning Enabled Nanophotonic Design to Colloidal Metamaterials

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151158
ISBN  
9798382757568
DDC  
621.3
저자명  
Tanriover, Ibrahim.
서명/저자  
Novel Optical Metasurfaces: From Machine-Learning Enabled Nanophotonic Design to Colloidal Metamaterials
발행사항  
[Sl] : Northwestern University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
163 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Aydin, Koray.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Metasurfaces, 2D counterparts of metamaterial, are planar optical devices that are made of spatially arranged arrays of subwavelength nanostructures. Metasurfaces work by introducing abrupt changes on phase, amplitude, and polarization states of light within sub-wavelength distances and in unique ways. As a result, the metasurface concept, providing a compact and versatile platform for light manipulation, emerged as one of the most promising candidates to replace conventional light manipulation techniques. Metasurfaces have a wide range of applications in imaging, sensing, and communication. To date, numerous optical devices, including flat lenses, polarizers, color filters, and holograms, have been realized by metasurfaces; and various challenges in design and fabrication of metasurfaces have been addressed along the way. However, conventional metasurface approaches are converging to their limitations. Alternative approaches in metasurface design and fabrication are becoming a necessity to achieve advanced applications or properties, such as optical analog computers or active tunability and large device area.Conventional metasurface design process can be divided into two main approaches as forward design and inverse design. Both the forward and the inverse approaches depend on full electromagnetic simulations that are using mesh-based, discretized numeric calculation methods to calculate optical response of nano-photonic structures. Although they provide high accuracy and deterministic results, these methods require high computational costs that significantly increase with structure complexity.Present-day fabrication methods and material platforms are also reaching their limits. Optical metamaterials enable access to effective optical properties that are not found in nature, such as negative or ultrahigh refractive index, by engineering sub-wavelength dielectric and plasmonic structures. Realizing such properties in the near-infrared and visible wavelengths requires complex structures in the nanometer range. Fabrication of such structures is a challenging task despite the tremendous progress in nanofabrication techniques. Lithography-based methods suffer from inherent limitations on structural complexity, spatial resolution, and fabrication throughput. Additive manufacturing techniques, such as 3D printing, can partially address the structural complexity limitations. However, they are limited in terms of available materials and bounded with size constraints. As a result, there is a need for alternative fabrication methods and/or material platforms that can overcome these limitations.As an alternative design approach, deep neural networks (DNNs) assisted design methods are investigated in three progressive steps. In the first step, we modeled all-dielectric cylindrical nanopillars using fully connected DNNs. The wavelength normalization method is introduced as a solution to dimensional mismatch problems between the feature space and output space of the DNNs. As additional advantages of the wavelength normalization method, high prediction accuracy, even with dispersive materials, and spectral generalization capabilities are demonstrated. Following, complex-valued neural networks are used to simultaneously model plasmonic and dielectric metasurface unit cells. Tunable metasurfaces including a resonator and absorber are designed as proof-of-concept demonstrations. Spectral generalization accuracy is also improved. In the last step, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are used to model arbitrary and freeform metasurface unit cells. A shape generation method is proposed to create a library of freeform and manufacturable cross sections. Generalization of solution for the incident polarization is demonstrated in addition to generalization to dispersive materials and other spectral ranges of interest.Along with these steps, machine assisted and completely machine learning based inverse design and optimization of metasurface unit cells are demonstrated. In the first step, a direct inverse design neural network model is demonstrated, where tandem learning approach is used to overcome non-uniqueness of the solution. In the second step, both DNN-incorporated and completely DNN-based design approaches are demonstrated and compared in terms of final design performance and computational cost. In the last step, as an example of DNN-assisted design, Genetic Algorithm is incorporated with the DNN-based surrogate solver. Objective-first constrained optimization is employed in the latent space of DNN autoencoder in order to design manufacturable metasurfaces. During these projects, several metasurfaces such as metalenses, polarizers, tunable resonators and absorbers, and waveplates are designed and demonstrated through simulations.As alternative material platforms, light-matter interactions for colloidal plasmonic nanoframes and their feasibility as metamaterial/metasurface building blocks are studied. First, optical properties of single-particle and monolayer octahedral nanoframes in comparison to nanoparticles of the same geometry are studied. Single-particle nanoframes exhibited enhanced light-matter interactions and scattering suppression compared to solid nanoparticles. Strong field localization and further suppression of scattering are observed by assembling these structures into close-packed monolayers. As an outcome, polarization insensitive, broadband absorption above %90 is demonstrated from self-assembled monolayers of Pt-Au octahedral nanoframes. Then, optical properties of their 3D superlattices are discussed. We proposed that these structures are RLC circuit analogous supporting both capacitive and inductive resonances. Following, negative effective refractive index, an unnatural and long-desired property, with engineered 3D crystals in the near-infrared wavelengths is verified through electromagnetic simulations and experiments.In the last project of this thesis, we investigated metasurface based all-optical image processing. Due to increasing demand for real-time, continuous data processing, metamaterial and metasurface based all-optical computation techniques emerged as a promising alternative to digital computation. Metasurfaces have been shown to enable real time edge detection with low to no power consumption. However, the previous demonstrations were subjected to the several limitations such as need for oblique-incidence, polarization dependence, need for additional polarizers, narrow operation bandwidth, being limited with processing in 1D, operation with coherent light only, and requiring digital post-processing.All-optical edge detection is chosen as the target application as it is a fundamental step of most image processing tasks. A metasurfaces for 2D isotropic and polarization independent edge detection based on Fourier optics principles that overcome aforementioned limitations and challenges is proposed and demonstrated. The proposed metasurface enables a carefully chosen spatial transmission profile matching the Fourier transformation of the second-order differentiation. Polarization-independent, broadband edge detection with high transmission efficiency under both coherent and partially coherent illumination along the visible frequency range is experimentally confirmed. Edge detection by the same metasurface in near-IR wavelengths is also confirmed through additional simulations and measurements.This thesis comprehensively explores the advancements in metasurfaces in various aspects. Limitations and challenges of the conventional design and fabrication approaches are identified. Alternative techniques are proposed to overcome these challenges. Emerging application areas for metasurfaces are also investigated. Our findings reveal the potential of deep learning methods and colloidal plasmonic nanoframes in metasurface engineering. We envisage that our findings pave the path towards advanced applications and properties for metasurfaces such as, naturally unavailable effective optical properties and real-life image processing.
일반주제명  
Electrical engineering
일반주제명  
Nanotechnology
일반주제명  
Optics
일반주제명  
Computer engineering
키워드  
Metasurfaces
키워드  
Fabrication
키워드  
Machine learning
키워드  
Convolutional neural networks
기타저자  
Northwestern University Electrical and Computer Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

 008250123s2024        us                              c    eng  d
■001000017161072
■00520250211151158
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798382757568
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31236752
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a621.3
■1001  ▼aTanriover,  Ibrahim.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-1207-7016
■24510▼aNovel  Optical  Metasurfaces:  From  Machine-Learning  Enabled  Nanophotonic  Design  to  Colloidal  Metamaterials
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a163  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Aydin,  Koray.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Northwestern  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aMetasurfaces,  2D  counterparts  of  metamaterial,  are  planar  optical  devices  that  are  made  of  spatially  arranged  arrays  of  subwavelength  nanostructures.  Metasurfaces  work  by  introducing  abrupt  changes  on  phase,  amplitude,  and  polarization  states  of  light  within  sub-wavelength  distances  and  in  unique  ways.  As  a  result,  the  metasurface  concept,  providing  a  compact  and  versatile  platform  for  light  manipulation,  emerged  as  one  of  the  most  promising  candidates  to  replace  conventional  light  manipulation  techniques.  Metasurfaces  have  a  wide  range  of  applications  in  imaging,  sensing,  and  communication.  To  date,  numerous  optical  devices,  including  flat  lenses,  polarizers,  color  filters,  and  holograms,  have  been  realized  by  metasurfaces;  and  various  challenges  in  design  and  fabrication  of  metasurfaces  have  been  addressed  along  the  way.  However,  conventional  metasurface  approaches  are  converging  to  their  limitations.  Alternative  approaches  in  metasurface  design  and  fabrication  are  becoming  a  necessity  to  achieve  advanced  applications  or  properties,  such  as  optical  analog  computers  or  active  tunability  and  large  device  area.Conventional  metasurface  design  process  can  be  divided  into  two  main  approaches  as  forward  design  and  inverse  design.  Both  the  forward  and  the  inverse  approaches  depend  on  full  electromagnetic  simulations  that  are  using  mesh-based,  discretized  numeric  calculation  methods  to  calculate  optical  response  of  nano-photonic  structures.  Although  they  provide  high  accuracy  and  deterministic  results,  these  methods  require  high  computational  costs  that  significantly  increase  with  structure  complexity.Present-day  fabrication  methods  and  material  platforms  are  also  reaching  their  limits.  Optical  metamaterials  enable  access  to  effective  optical  properties  that  are  not  found  in  nature,  such  as  negative  or  ultrahigh  refractive  index,  by  engineering  sub-wavelength  dielectric  and  plasmonic  structures.  Realizing  such  properties  in  the  near-infrared  and  visible  wavelengths  requires  complex  structures  in  the  nanometer  range.  Fabrication  of  such  structures  is  a  challenging  task  despite  the  tremendous  progress  in  nanofabrication  techniques.  Lithography-based  methods  suffer  from  inherent  limitations  on  structural  complexity,  spatial  resolution,  and  fabrication  throughput.  Additive  manufacturing  techniques,  such  as  3D  printing,  can  partially  address  the  structural  complexity  limitations.  However,  they  are  limited  in  terms  of  available  materials  and  bounded  with  size  constraints.  As  a  result,  there  is  a  need  for  alternative  fabrication  methods  and/or  material  platforms  that  can  overcome  these  limitations.As  an  alternative  design  approach,  deep  neural  networks  (DNNs)  assisted  design  methods  are  investigated  in  three  progressive  steps.  In  the  first  step,  we  modeled  all-dielectric  cylindrical  nanopillars  using  fully  connected  DNNs.  The  wavelength  normalization  method  is  introduced  as  a  solution  to  dimensional  mismatch  problems  between  the  feature  space  and  output  space  of  the  DNNs.  As  additional  advantages  of  the  wavelength  normalization  method,  high  prediction  accuracy,  even  with  dispersive  materials,  and  spectral  generalization  capabilities  are  demonstrated.  Following,  complex-valued  neural  networks  are  used  to  simultaneously  model  plasmonic  and  dielectric  metasurface  unit  cells.  Tunable  metasurfaces  including  a  resonator  and  absorber  are  designed  as  proof-of-concept  demonstrations.  Spectral  generalization  accuracy  is  also  improved.  In  the  last  step,  convolutional  neural  networks  (CNNs)  are  used  to  model  arbitrary  and  freeform  metasurface  unit  cells.  A  shape  generation  method  is  proposed  to  create  a  library  of  freeform  and  manufacturable  cross  sections.  Generalization  of  solution  for  the  incident  polarization  is  demonstrated  in  addition  to  generalization  to  dispersive  materials  and  other  spectral  ranges  of  interest.Along  with  these  steps,  machine  assisted  and  completely  machine  learning  based  inverse  design  and  optimization  of  metasurface  unit  cells  are  demonstrated.  In  the  first  step,  a  direct  inverse  design  neural  network  model  is  demonstrated,  where  tandem  learning  approach  is  used  to  overcome  non-uniqueness  of  the  solution.  In  the  second  step,  both  DNN-incorporated  and  completely  DNN-based  design  approaches  are  demonstrated  and  compared  in  terms  of  final  design  performance  and  computational  cost.  In  the  last  step,  as  an  example  of  DNN-assisted  design,  Genetic  Algorithm  is  incorporated  with  the  DNN-based  surrogate  solver.  Objective-first  constrained  optimization  is  employed  in  the  latent  space  of  DNN  autoencoder  in  order  to  design  manufacturable  metasurfaces.  During  these  projects,  several  metasurfaces  such  as  metalenses,  polarizers,  tunable  resonators  and  absorbers,  and  waveplates  are  designed  and  demonstrated  through  simulations.As  alternative  material  platforms,  light-matter  interactions  for  colloidal  plasmonic  nanoframes  and  their  feasibility  as  metamaterial/metasurface  building  blocks  are  studied.  First,  optical  properties  of  single-particle  and  monolayer  octahedral  nanoframes  in  comparison  to  nanoparticles  of  the  same  geometry  are  studied.  Single-particle  nanoframes  exhibited  enhanced  light-matter  interactions  and  scattering  suppression  compared  to  solid  nanoparticles.  Strong  field  localization  and  further  suppression  of  scattering  are  observed  by  assembling  these  structures  into  close-packed  monolayers.  As  an  outcome,  polarization  insensitive,  broadband  absorption  above  %90  is  demonstrated  from  self-assembled  monolayers  of  Pt-Au  octahedral  nanoframes.  Then,  optical  properties  of  their  3D  superlattices  are  discussed.  We  proposed  that  these  structures  are  RLC  circuit  analogous  supporting  both  capacitive  and  inductive  resonances.  Following,  negative  effective  refractive  index,  an  unnatural  and  long-desired  property,  with  engineered  3D  crystals  in  the  near-infrared  wavelengths  is  verified  through  electromagnetic  simulations  and  experiments.In  the  last  project  of  this  thesis,  we  investigated  metasurface  based  all-optical  image  processing.  Due  to  increasing  demand  for  real-time,  continuous  data  processing,  metamaterial  and  metasurface  based  all-optical  computation  techniques  emerged  as  a  promising  alternative  to  digital  computation.  Metasurfaces  have  been  shown  to  enable  real  time  edge  detection  with  low  to  no  power  consumption.  However,  the  previous  demonstrations  were  subjected  to  the  several  limitations  such  as  need  for  oblique-incidence,  polarization  dependence,  need  for  additional  polarizers,  narrow  operation  bandwidth,  being  limited  with  processing  in  1D,  operation  with  coherent  light  only,  and  requiring  digital  post-processing.All-optical  edge  detection  is  chosen  as  the  target  application  as  it  is  a  fundamental  step  of  most  image  processing  tasks.  A  metasurfaces  for  2D  isotropic  and  polarization  independent  edge  detection  based  on  Fourier  optics  principles  that  overcome  aforementioned  limitations  and  challenges  is  proposed  and  demonstrated.  The  proposed  metasurface  enables  a  carefully  chosen  spatial  transmission  profile  matching  the  Fourier  transformation  of  the  second-order  differentiation.  Polarization-independent,  broadband  edge  detection  with  high  transmission  efficiency  under  both  coherent  and  partially  coherent  illumination  along  the  visible  frequency  range  is  experimentally  confirmed.  Edge  detection  by  the  same  metasurface  in  near-IR  wavelengths  is  also  confirmed  through  additional  simulations  and  measurements.This  thesis  comprehensively  explores  the  advancements  in  metasurfaces  in  various  aspects.  Limitations  and  challenges  of  the  conventional  design  and  fabrication  approaches  are  identified.  Alternative  techniques  are  proposed  to  overcome  these  challenges.  Emerging  application  areas  for  metasurfaces  are  also  investigated.  Our  findings  reveal  the  potential  of  deep  learning  methods  and  colloidal  plasmonic  nanoframes  in  metasurface  engineering.  We  envisage  that  our  findings  pave  the  path  towards  advanced  applications  and  properties  for  metasurfaces  such  as,  naturally  unavailable  effective  optical  properties  and  real-life  image  processing.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0163.
■650  4▼aElectrical  engineering
■650  4▼aNanotechnology
■650  4▼aOptics
■650  4▼aComputer  engineering
■653    ▼aMetasurfaces
■653    ▼aFabrication
■653    ▼aMachine  learning
■653    ▼aConvolutional  neural  networks
■690    ▼a0544
■690    ▼a0652
■690    ▼a0752
■690    ▼a0464
■71020▼aNorthwestern  University▼bElectrical  and  Computer  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11B.
■790    ▼a0163
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161072▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

미리보기

내보내기

chatGPT토론

Ai 추천 관련 도서


    신착도서 더보기
    최근 3년간 통계입니다.

    소장정보

    • 예약
    • 소재불명신고
    • 나의폴더
    • 우선정리요청
    • 비도서대출신청
    • 야간 도서대출신청
    소장자료
    등록번호 청구기호 소장처 대출가능여부 대출정보
    TF12567 전자도서 대출가능 마이폴더 부재도서신고 비도서대출신청 야간 도서대출신청

    * 대출중인 자료에 한하여 예약이 가능합니다. 예약을 원하시면 예약버튼을 클릭하십시오.

    해당 도서를 다른 이용자가 함께 대출한 도서

    관련 인기도서

    로그인 후 이용 가능합니다.