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A Physics Enhanced Residual Learning (PERL) Framework for Autonomous Vehicle
A Physics Enhanced Residual Learning (PERL) Framework for Autonomous Vehicle
A Physics Enhanced Residual Learning (PERL) Framework for Autonomous Vehicle

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153121
ISBN  
9798346813644
DDC  
385
저자명  
Long, Keke.
서명/저자  
A Physics Enhanced Residual Learning (PERL) Framework for Autonomous Vehicle
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
105 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Li, Xiaopeng Shaw;Chen, Sikai.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Autonomous vehicles (AV) driving in mixed traffic, comprising human-driven vehicles (HVs) and AVs, is notoriously challenging, underscored by complex driving environments and a multitude of uncertainties. Further, the AV system involves complex interactions cascading across the interconnected modules for perception, planning, and control. An error in the higher chain of these interconnected modules can propagate downstream, inducing instability in vehicle control. Such errors can also cascade through following vehicles and impact traffic dynamics at a broader level. To overcome these challenges, we propose the novel Physics-Enhanced Residual Learning (PERL) framework for AV operations in mixed traffic. PERL comprises two components: a physics-based model and residual learning. The physics model provides primary outputs, including prediction outputs or control outputs, and then its residuals are learned by a learning-based approach as corrections to the physics model to enhance the results.This dissertation comprises three major research thrusts: (1) Development of PERL frameworks for vehicle trajectory prediction (2) Validate the contribution of PERL-based prediction in AV control, and (3) Development of Physics-Enhanced Residual Policy Learning (PERPL) framework for vehicle control.The first part proposed the PERL framework and applied it to a vehicle trajectory prediction problem with real-world trajectory data of both HV and AV, using an adapted Newell car-following model as the physics model, and four kinds of neural networks (GRU, Convolution Long Short-Term Memory (CLSTM), VAE and Informer model) as the residual learning model. We compare this PERL model with pure physics models, NN models, and other physics-informed neural network (PINN) models. The result reveals that the PERL model yields the best prediction with limited training data and it has fast convergence during training. Moreover, the PERL model requires fewer parameters to achieve similar predictive performance compared to NN and PINN models. The second part proposes a PERL-based vehicle control method to mitigate traffic oscillation in the mixed traffic environment of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) and HVs. This model includes the PERL prediction model and a controller. The PERL-based prediction model precisely predicts the behavior of the preceding vehicle, especially downstream speed fluctuations, to allow sufficient time for the driver to respond to these speed fluctuations. For the controller, we employ a Model Predictive Control (MPC) model that considers the dynamics of the CAV and its following vehicles, improving safety and comfort for the platoon formed including the CAV and following vehicles. The proposed model is validated through a Vehicle-in-the-loop (ViL) field test. Results validate the proposed method in damping traffic oscillation and enhancing the safety and fuel efficiency of the CAV and the following vehicles in mixed traffic with the presence of uncertain vehicle dynamics and actuator lag. The third part proposes the Physics-Enhanced Residual Policy Learning (PERPL) framework for vehicle control, leveraging the advantages of both physics-based models (data-efficient and interpretable) and RL methods (flexible to multiple objectives and fast computing). The physics component provides model interpretability and stability and the learning-based Residual Policy adjusts the physics-based policy to adapt to the changing environment, thereby refining the decisions of the physics model. This model is applied in decentralized control of a mixed traffic platoon of CAVs and HVs using a constant time gap (CTG) strategy, with actuator lag and communication delays. Experimental results demonstrate that this model has high extrapolation ability, achieving smaller headway errors and better oscillation dampening than the linear control model and reinforcement learning (RL) model in artificial extreme scenarios. At the macroscopic level, overall traffic oscillations are also reduced as the penetration rate of CAVs employing the PERPL-based controller increases.
일반주제명  
Transportation
일반주제명  
Computer engineering
일반주제명  
Automotive engineering
일반주제명  
Mechanical engineering
키워드  
Automated vehicles
키워드  
Connected vehicles
키워드  
Deep reinforcement learning
키워드  
Physics-informed neural network
키워드  
Vehicle control
키워드  
Vehicle trajectory prediction
키워드  
Vehicle trajectory planning
기타저자  
The University of Wisconsin - Madison Civil & Environmental Engr
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-06B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■0820  ▼a385
■1001  ▼aLong,  Keke.
■24512▼aA  Physics  Enhanced  Residual  Learning  (PERL)  Framework  for  Autonomous  Vehicle
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a105  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Li,  Xiaopeng  Shaw;Chen,  Sikai.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison,  2024.
■520    ▼aAutonomous  vehicles  (AV)  driving  in  mixed  traffic,  comprising  human-driven  vehicles  (HVs)  and  AVs,  is  notoriously  challenging,  underscored  by  complex  driving  environments  and  a  multitude  of  uncertainties.  Further,  the  AV  system  involves  complex  interactions  cascading  across  the  interconnected  modules  for  perception,  planning,  and  control.  An  error  in  the  higher  chain  of  these  interconnected  modules  can  propagate  downstream,  inducing  instability  in  vehicle  control.  Such  errors  can  also  cascade  through  following  vehicles  and  impact  traffic  dynamics  at  a  broader  level.  To  overcome  these  challenges,  we  propose  the  novel  Physics-Enhanced  Residual  Learning  (PERL)  framework  for  AV  operations  in  mixed  traffic.  PERL  comprises  two  components:  a  physics-based  model  and  residual  learning.  The  physics  model  provides  primary  outputs,  including  prediction  outputs  or  control  outputs,  and  then  its  residuals  are  learned  by  a  learning-based  approach  as  corrections  to  the  physics  model  to  enhance  the  results.This  dissertation  comprises  three  major  research  thrusts:  (1)  Development  of  PERL  frameworks  for  vehicle  trajectory  prediction  (2)  Validate  the  contribution  of  PERL-based  prediction  in  AV  control,  and  (3)  Development  of  Physics-Enhanced  Residual  Policy  Learning  (PERPL)  framework  for  vehicle  control.The  first  part  proposed  the  PERL  framework  and  applied  it  to  a  vehicle  trajectory  prediction  problem  with  real-world  trajectory  data  of  both  HV  and  AV,  using  an  adapted  Newell  car-following  model  as  the  physics  model,  and  four  kinds  of  neural  networks  (GRU,  Convolution  Long  Short-Term  Memory  (CLSTM),  VAE  and  Informer  model)  as  the  residual  learning  model.  We  compare  this  PERL  model  with  pure  physics  models,  NN  models,  and  other  physics-informed  neural  network  (PINN)  models.  The  result  reveals  that  the  PERL  model  yields  the  best  prediction  with  limited  training  data  and  it  has  fast  convergence  during  training.  Moreover,  the  PERL  model  requires  fewer  parameters  to  achieve  similar  predictive  performance  compared  to  NN  and  PINN  models. The  second  part  proposes  a  PERL-based  vehicle  control  method  to  mitigate  traffic  oscillation  in  the  mixed  traffic  environment  of  connected  and  autonomous  vehicles  (CAVs)  and  HVs.  This  model  includes  the  PERL  prediction  model  and  a  controller.  The  PERL-based  prediction  model  precisely  predicts  the  behavior  of  the  preceding  vehicle,  especially  downstream  speed  fluctuations,  to  allow  sufficient  time for  the  driver  to  respond  to  these  speed  fluctuations.  For  the  controller,  we  employ  a  Model  Predictive  Control  (MPC)  model  that  considers  the  dynamics  of  the  CAV  and  its  following  vehicles,  improving  safety  and  comfort  for  the  platoon  formed  including  the  CAV  and  following  vehicles.  The  proposed  model  is  validated  through  a  Vehicle-in-the-loop  (ViL)  field  test.  Results  validate  the  proposed  method  in  damping  traffic  oscillation  and  enhancing  the  safety  and  fuel  efficiency  of  the  CAV  and  the  following  vehicles  in  mixed  traffic  with  the  presence  of  uncertain  vehicle  dynamics  and  actuator  lag. The  third  part  proposes  the  Physics-Enhanced  Residual  Policy  Learning  (PERPL)  framework  for  vehicle  control,  leveraging  the  advantages  of  both  physics-based  models  (data-efficient  and  interpretable)  and  RL  methods  (flexible  to  multiple  objectives  and  fast  computing).  The  physics  component  provides  model  interpretability  and  stability  and  the  learning-based  Residual  Policy  adjusts  the  physics-based  policy  to  adapt  to  the  changing  environment,  thereby  refining  the  decisions  of  the  physics  model.  This  model  is  applied  in  decentralized  control  of  a  mixed  traffic  platoon  of  CAVs  and  HVs  using  a  constant  time  gap  (CTG)  strategy,  with  actuator  lag  and  communication  delays.  Experimental  results  demonstrate  that  this  model  has  high  extrapolation  ability,  achieving  smaller  headway  errors  and  better  oscillation  dampening  than  the  linear  control  model  and  reinforcement  learning  (RL)  model  in  artificial  extreme  scenarios.  At  the  macroscopic  level,  overall  traffic  oscillations  are  also  reduced  as  the  penetration  rate  of  CAVs  employing  the  PERPL-based  controller  increases.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0262.
■650  4▼aTransportation
■650  4▼aComputer  engineering
■650  4▼aAutomotive  engineering
■650  4▼aMechanical  engineering
■653    ▼aAutomated  vehicles
■653    ▼aConnected  vehicles
■653    ▼aDeep  reinforcement  learning
■653    ▼aPhysics-informed  neural  network
■653    ▼aVehicle  control
■653    ▼aVehicle  trajectory  prediction
■653    ▼aVehicle  trajectory  planning
■690    ▼a0709
■690    ▼a0464
■690    ▼a0548
■690    ▼a0540
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼bCivil  &  Environmental  Engr.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-06B.
■790    ▼a0262
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17165080▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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