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Mitigating Misinformation Through Motivation: Exploring the Role of Affirmation in Curbing Conspiracy Belief
Mitigating Misinformation Through Motivation: Exploring the Role of Affirmation in Curbing...
Mitigating Misinformation Through Motivation: Exploring the Role of Affirmation in Curbing Conspiracy Belief

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151318
ISBN  
9798382757520
DDC  
384
저자명  
Saucier, Camille J.
서명/저자  
Mitigating Misinformation Through Motivation: Exploring the Role of Affirmation in Curbing Conspiracy Belief
발행사항  
[Sl] : Northwestern University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
165 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Walter, Nathan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약While there have been many attempts to correct existing misinformation or restrict the spread of online false content on platforms like Facebook and Twitter, these efforts frequently cannot keep pace with the variety and volume of misinformation. Indeed, retroactive mitigation efforts can appear Sisyphean with the degree of social reach and diffusion afforded to online media platforms. Compounding this problem, misinformation correction efforts have shown mixed results and can be context-dependent. Current methods of misinformation correction primarily target cognitive processing mechanisms such as updating beliefs or enhancing audiences' critical reasoning skills. However, particularly pernicious forms of misinformation- like conspiracy theories-are deeply linked to identity and values. Conspiracy theories are thus uniquely well-suited to motivated reasoning processes in which individuals interpret information according to their worldviews. This dissertation seeks to test motivationally grounded interventions to explore alternative means of curbing misinformation.The first study considers how motivational reasoning processes have been conceptualized and operationalized in the communication literature. Using a systematic literature review, it examined quantitative studies that included motivated reasoning as a theoretical basis for assessment (k = 143) while focusing on the framework's key components: motivation, reasoning, and responses. The findings identified several weaknesses in current methodological approaches, including a limited focus on distinct motivations, an underemphasis on reasoning, and a concentration on a narrow set of responses. Study 1 proposed the Motivation, Reasoning, Response Model (M-R-RM) to avoid these shortcomings in future research.Studies 2 and 3 used insights from Study 1 to manipulate self-affirmation motives. Study 2 satisfied and deprived affirmation motives using a 3 (no feedback/positive feedback/negative feedback) by 2 (no affirmation/self-affirmation) factorial experimental design (N = 601) and assessed participants' likelihood of engaging with conspiracy theories. Affirmed participants in the no-feedback condition were less likely to engage with a conspiracy theory than those who were not affirmed. These findings suggest that conspiracies perform a self-affirming role and indicate that conspiracy beliefs are motivated rather than purely cognitive.Study 3 built on Study 2 using a three-condition experiment (N = 592) manipulating a priori self-affirmation (no affirmation/traditional self-affirmation/conspiracy affirmation) to compare conspiracy theories with traditional self-affirmations and assess the cognitive processes involved. Results suggested that conspiracy affirmations exhibit cognitive processing patterns that correspond with expected traditional self-affirmation effects. Participants in both the traditional self-affirmation and conspiracy affirmation conditions self-reported reduced message derogation, counterarguing, and reactance, as well as more positive message evaluation among those with stronger conspiracy beliefs compared to those with weaker beliefs.The results from these studies highlight the importance of systematically evaluating motivations and their effects on cognitive processing, especially when assessing misinformation like conspiracies. This research provides evidence that conspiracies serve a self-affirming function for those who believe them. Therefore, satisfying self-affirmation goals may help divert interest in conspiracy theories before individuals access this information. Finally, conspiracies appear to influence cognitive processing in a manner similar to traditional self-affirmations. The broader implications of these findings on the study of motivations and conspiracy theories are discussed.
일반주제명  
Communication
일반주제명  
Web studies
일반주제명  
Cognitive psychology
키워드  
Cognitive processing
키워드  
Conspiracy theories
키워드  
Motivated reasoning
키워드  
Motivation
키워드  
Self affirmation
기타저자  
Northwestern University Communication Studies
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aSaucier,  Camille  J.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-0408-2782
■24510▼aMitigating  Misinformation  Through  Motivation:  Exploring  the  Role  of  Affirmation  in  Curbing  Conspiracy  Belief
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a165  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Walter,  Nathan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Northwestern  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aWhile  there  have  been  many  attempts  to  correct  existing  misinformation  or  restrict  the  spread  of  online  false  content  on  platforms  like  Facebook  and  Twitter,  these  efforts  frequently  cannot  keep  pace  with  the  variety  and  volume  of  misinformation.  Indeed,  retroactive  mitigation  efforts  can  appear  Sisyphean  with  the  degree  of  social  reach  and  diffusion  afforded  to  online  media  platforms.  Compounding  this  problem,  misinformation  correction  efforts  have  shown  mixed  results  and  can  be  context-dependent.  Current  methods  of  misinformation  correction  primarily  target  cognitive  processing  mechanisms  such  as  updating  beliefs  or  enhancing  audiences'  critical  reasoning  skills.  However,  particularly  pernicious  forms  of  misinformation-  like  conspiracy  theories-are  deeply  linked  to  identity  and  values.  Conspiracy  theories  are  thus  uniquely  well-suited  to  motivated  reasoning  processes  in  which  individuals  interpret  information  according  to  their  worldviews.  This  dissertation  seeks  to  test  motivationally  grounded  interventions  to  explore  alternative  means  of  curbing  misinformation.The  first  study  considers  how  motivational  reasoning  processes  have  been  conceptualized  and  operationalized  in  the  communication  literature.  Using  a  systematic  literature  review,  it  examined  quantitative  studies  that  included  motivated  reasoning  as  a  theoretical  basis  for  assessment  (k  =  143)  while  focusing  on  the  framework's  key  components:  motivation,  reasoning,  and  responses.  The  findings  identified  several  weaknesses  in  current  methodological  approaches,  including  a  limited  focus  on  distinct  motivations,  an  underemphasis  on  reasoning,  and  a  concentration  on  a  narrow  set  of  responses.  Study  1  proposed  the  Motivation,  Reasoning,  Response  Model  (M-R-RM)  to  avoid  these  shortcomings  in  future  research.Studies  2  and  3  used  insights  from  Study  1  to  manipulate  self-affirmation  motives.  Study  2  satisfied  and  deprived  affirmation  motives  using  a  3  (no  feedback/positive  feedback/negative feedback)  by  2  (no  affirmation/self-affirmation)  factorial  experimental  design  (N  =  601)  and  assessed  participants'  likelihood  of  engaging  with  conspiracy  theories.  Affirmed  participants  in  the  no-feedback  condition  were  less  likely  to  engage  with  a  conspiracy  theory  than  those  who  were  not  affirmed.  These  findings  suggest  that  conspiracies  perform  a  self-affirming  role  and  indicate  that  conspiracy  beliefs  are  motivated  rather  than  purely  cognitive.Study  3  built  on  Study  2  using  a  three-condition  experiment  (N  =  592)  manipulating  a  priori  self-affirmation  (no  affirmation/traditional  self-affirmation/conspiracy  affirmation)  to  compare  conspiracy  theories  with  traditional  self-affirmations  and  assess  the  cognitive  processes  involved.  Results  suggested  that  conspiracy  affirmations  exhibit  cognitive  processing  patterns  that  correspond  with  expected  traditional  self-affirmation  effects.  Participants  in  both  the  traditional  self-affirmation  and  conspiracy  affirmation  conditions  self-reported  reduced  message  derogation,  counterarguing,  and  reactance,  as  well  as  more  positive  message  evaluation  among  those  with  stronger  conspiracy  beliefs  compared  to  those  with  weaker  beliefs.The  results  from  these  studies  highlight  the  importance  of  systematically  evaluating  motivations  and  their  effects  on  cognitive  processing,  especially  when  assessing  misinformation  like  conspiracies.  This  research  provides  evidence  that  conspiracies  serve  a  self-affirming  function  for  those  who  believe  them.  Therefore,  satisfying  self-affirmation  goals  may  help  divert  interest  in  conspiracy  theories  before  individuals  access  this  information.  Finally,  conspiracies  appear  to  influence  cognitive  processing  in  a  manner  similar  to  traditional  self-affirmations.  The  broader  implications  of  these  findings  on  the  study  of  motivations  and  conspiracy  theories  are  discussed.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0163.
■650  4▼aCommunication
■650  4▼aWeb  studies
■650  4▼aCognitive  psychology
■653    ▼aCognitive  processing
■653    ▼aConspiracy  theories
■653    ▼aMotivated  reasoning
■653    ▼aMotivation
■653    ▼aSelf  affirmation
■690    ▼a0459
■690    ▼a0646
■690    ▼a0633
■71020▼aNorthwestern  University▼bCommunication  Studies.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11B.
■790    ▼a0163
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161161▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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