Electrochemical and Thermodynamic Properties of Neodymium Alloys in Molten Salts for their Recovery
Electrochemical and Thermodynamic Properties of Neodymium Alloys in Molten Salts for their Recovery
Detailed Information
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211152108
- ISBN
- 9798384220534
- DDC
- 600
- 저자명
- Im, Sanghyeok.
- 서명/저자
- Electrochemical and Thermodynamic Properties of Neodymium Alloys in Molten Salts for their Recovery
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 130 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Kim, Hojong.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Recovery of rare-earth elements is an essential process technology to achieve energy sustainability for nuclear power by closing the fuel cycle and for renewable energy by securing rare-earth supply. In detail, rare-earth fission products that accumulate into molten salts (e.g., LiCl-KCl) during reprocessing for used nuclear fuel must be recovered to reuse the salts and minimize nuclear waste. Rare-earth permanent magnets are an essential component for wind turbines and electric vehicle motors but face supply concerns with the rapid deployment of clean energy technologies. In the design of electrochemical processes for rare-earth recovery, thermodynamic and electrochemical properties of rare-earth elements are important to achieve high efficacy but are not widely available in the literature due to the high reactivity of rare-earth metals in molten salt electrolytes. Thus, the primary objective of this thesis is to comprehensively examine the essential fundamentals of rare-earth alloys in molten salt electrolytes with reliable property measurements, focusing on the binary Nd-Sn, Nd-Bi, and Nd-Fe systems.To determine the thermodynamic properties of Nd in molten salts, electromotive force (emf) measurement is introduced. Based on the established emf relation between Nd-based alloys and pure Nd via a solid fluoride electrolyte or a transient technique, less reactive two-phase alloys were employed as a stable reference electrode for reliable emf measurements, instead of pure Nd having uncertainty in molten salts. From an electrochemical cell including the Nd-Sn (xNd = 0.10) reference electrode with a two-phase (liquid + NdSn3), the measured emf values of Nd-Bi alloys (xNd = 0.15-0.40) and Nd-Sn alloy (xNd= 0.10) were stable and reproducible without an indication of cell degradation during the measurements. Furthermore, the potential difference between two identical Nd-Sn reference electrodes was measured before/after the electrochemical evaluation for 45 days, and the stability of the cell for long-term operation was verified by showing only 3 mV difference.The thermodynamic properties for the selected liquid Bi and Sn electrodes to overcome side reactions using their strong chemical interaction with Nd were investigated through coulometric titration emf measurement. Both liquid metals exhibited similar emf values, which translate to extremely low activity of Nd (aNd) at 973 K as 1.1 x 10-13 in Bi and 5.8x10-13 in Sn, confirming their strong chemical interactions with Nd. In addition, using the emf trajectory at each temperature, the solubility of Nd at 973 K was estimated at 1.46 mol% for liquid Sn, compared to 5.65 mol% for liquid Bi. For the Bi electrode with high recovery capacity, the thermodynamic description (Phase diagram) of the Nd-Bi system was updated via CALPHAD modeling with the addition of new data, including activity and solubility by emf measurements, phase transition temperatures by DSC, and the recently observed Nd3Bi7compound.
- 일반주제명
- Metals
- 일반주제명
- Nuclear energy
- 일반주제명
- Chloride
- 일반주제명
- Electrolytes
- 일반주제명
- Graphite
- 일반주제명
- Recycling
- 일반주제명
- Rare earth elements
- 일반주제명
- Electrodes
- 일반주제명
- Electricity
- 일반주제명
- Clean technology
- 일반주제명
- Carbon
- 일반주제명
- Radioactive wastes
- 일반주제명
- Phase transitions
- 일반주제명
- Taxonomy
- 일반주제명
- Heat
- 일반주제명
- Fluorides
- 일반주제명
- Intermetallic compounds
- 일반주제명
- Voltammetry
- 일반주제명
- Alloys
- 일반주제명
- Energy consumption
- 일반주제명
- Alternative energy
- 일반주제명
- Materials science
- 일반주제명
- Nuclear engineering
- 일반주제명
- Nuclear physics
- 일반주제명
- Sustainability
- 일반주제명
- Thermodynamics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008250123s2024 us c eng d■001000017162890
■00520250211152108
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798384220534
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31353792
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)PennState21430svi5106
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a600
■1001 ▼aIm, Sanghyeok.
■24510▼aElectrochemical and Thermodynamic Properties of Neodymium Alloys in Molten Salts for their Recovery
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe Pennsylvania State University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a130 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Kim, Hojong.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2024.
■520 ▼aRecovery of rare-earth elements is an essential process technology to achieve energy sustainability for nuclear power by closing the fuel cycle and for renewable energy by securing rare-earth supply. In detail, rare-earth fission products that accumulate into molten salts (e.g., LiCl-KCl) during reprocessing for used nuclear fuel must be recovered to reuse the salts and minimize nuclear waste. Rare-earth permanent magnets are an essential component for wind turbines and electric vehicle motors but face supply concerns with the rapid deployment of clean energy technologies. In the design of electrochemical processes for rare-earth recovery, thermodynamic and electrochemical properties of rare-earth elements are important to achieve high efficacy but are not widely available in the literature due to the high reactivity of rare-earth metals in molten salt electrolytes. Thus, the primary objective of this thesis is to comprehensively examine the essential fundamentals of rare-earth alloys in molten salt electrolytes with reliable property measurements, focusing on the binary Nd-Sn, Nd-Bi, and Nd-Fe systems.To determine the thermodynamic properties of Nd in molten salts, electromotive force (emf) measurement is introduced. Based on the established emf relation between Nd-based alloys and pure Nd via a solid fluoride electrolyte or a transient technique, less reactive two-phase alloys were employed as a stable reference electrode for reliable emf measurements, instead of pure Nd having uncertainty in molten salts. From an electrochemical cell including the Nd-Sn (xNd = 0.10) reference electrode with a two-phase (liquid + NdSn3), the measured emf values of Nd-Bi alloys (xNd = 0.15-0.40) and Nd-Sn alloy (xNd= 0.10) were stable and reproducible without an indication of cell degradation during the measurements. Furthermore, the potential difference between two identical Nd-Sn reference electrodes was measured before/after the electrochemical evaluation for 45 days, and the stability of the cell for long-term operation was verified by showing only 3 mV difference.The thermodynamic properties for the selected liquid Bi and Sn electrodes to overcome side reactions using their strong chemical interaction with Nd were investigated through coulometric titration emf measurement. Both liquid metals exhibited similar emf values, which translate to extremely low activity of Nd (aNd) at 973 K as 1.1 x 10-13 in Bi and 5.8x10-13 in Sn, confirming their strong chemical interactions with Nd. In addition, using the emf trajectory at each temperature, the solubility of Nd at 973 K was estimated at 1.46 mol% for liquid Sn, compared to 5.65 mol% for liquid Bi. For the Bi electrode with high recovery capacity, the thermodynamic description (Phase diagram) of the Nd-Bi system was updated via CALPHAD modeling with the addition of new data, including activity and solubility by emf measurements, phase transition temperatures by DSC, and the recently observed Nd3Bi7compound.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0176.
■650 4▼aMetals
■650 4▼aNuclear energy
■650 4▼aChloride
■650 4▼aElectrolytes
■650 4▼aGraphite
■650 4▼aRecycling
■650 4▼aRare earth elements
■650 4▼aElectrodes
■650 4▼aElectricity
■650 4▼aClean technology
■650 4▼aCarbon
■650 4▼aRadioactive wastes
■650 4▼aPhase transitions
■650 4▼aTaxonomy
■650 4▼aHeat
■650 4▼aFluorides
■650 4▼aIntermetallic compounds
■650 4▼aVoltammetry
■650 4▼aAlternative energy sources
■650 4▼aAlloys
■650 4▼aEnergy consumption
■650 4▼aAlternative energy
■650 4▼aMaterials science
■650 4▼aNuclear engineering
■650 4▼aNuclear physics
■650 4▼aSustainability
■650 4▼aThermodynamics
■690 ▼a0363
■690 ▼a0794
■690 ▼a0552
■690 ▼a0756
■690 ▼a0640
■690 ▼a0348
■71020▼aThe Pennsylvania State University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-03A.
■790 ▼a0176
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162890▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
Preview
Export
ChatGPT Discussion
AI Recommended Related Books
Подробнее информация.
- Бронирование
- не существует
- моя папка
- Первый запрос зрения
- Non-Book Loan Application
- Nighttime Book Loan Application
Available after logging in.


