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A Nutraceutical Timing Hypothesis: Does Supplementation with Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice Provide Vascular Protection Across Postmenopausal Stages?
A Nutraceutical Timing Hypothesis: Does Supplementation with Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice P...
A Nutraceutical Timing Hypothesis: Does Supplementation with Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice Provide Vascular Protection Across Postmenopausal Stages?

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152111
ISBN  
9798384231288
DDC  
500
저자명  
Delgado, Jocelyn.
서명/저자  
A Nutraceutical Timing Hypothesis: Does Supplementation with Nitrate-Rich Beetroot Juice Provide Vascular Protection Across Postmenopausal Stages?
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
169 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Proctor, David.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Differentiating the adverse chronological- and reproductive-aging associated changes on the vasculature remains a challenge to investigate. This is particularly important for women as the onset of menopause coincides with unfavorable changes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The permanent loss of estrogen following menopause is associated with reductions in nitric oxide bioavailability (NO), an important vasodilator and signaling molecule, which can lead to impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Endothelial dysfunction, a prognostic indicator of CVD risk, rapidly declines across the menopause transition, independent of chronological age. To further understand the effects of reproductive aging on the vasculature, the first study of this dissertation compared the extent of vascular dysfunction from pneumatic cuff-induced whole arm endothelial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in estrogen-replete premenopausal (n=11) and estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women staged into early- (1-6 years following menopause, n=11) and late- (6+ years following menopause, n=11) postmenopause. In this cross-sectional study, we found that despite comparable baseline endothelial function to premenopausal women, early postmenopausal women demonstrate an exaggerated IR-induced impairment in endothelial function.Few low risk-estrogen therapies exist for enhancing vascular health, and traditional pharmacological management of CVD risk factors are less effective in older women. Consequently, there is a clinical demand to investigate innovative non-pharmacological interventions, specifically nutraceuticals, focusing on dietary strategies that can enhance NO bioavailability in postmenopausal women. The subsequent study comprising this dissertation tested the ability of both acute (600 mg nitrate per 140 mL x one dose) and 7-day (300 mg nitrate per 70mL daily x 7 days) nitrate-rich beetroot juice supplementation to raise circulating concentrations of nitrite and favorably influence resting endothelial function, endothelial protection (i.e., endothelial resistance) against IR injury, and plasma oxidative stress (chapter 5) in normotensive, metabolically healthy early- (n=12) and late- (n=12) postmenopausal women. A randomized, placebo-controlled (BRnitrate vs. BRplacebo; IND#119978), double blind, crossover study design was used, with a minimum 14-day washout period between treatments and standardized pre-visit instructions to minimize between-visit variation in plasma nitrite concentration. Compared to responses observed with BRplacebo, our findings demonstrate: 1) acute BRnitrate consumption raised plasma nitrite concentration and improved endothelial resistance against IR injury, regardless of postmenopausal stage, 2) despite a clinically significant increase in resting endothelial function, nitrate-mediated endothelial protection against IR injury was not maintained 24-hours following the last dose of 7-day supplementation with BRnitrate in either postmenopausal group and 3) while 7-day BRnitrate did not affect the plasma metabolome, we show that reproductive aging critically impacts the plasma metabolite profile between postmenopausal stages. Collectively, these results provide the first evidence that acute dietary nitrate supplementation enhances endothelial protection against IR injury, regardless of postmenopausal stage. Moreover, our findings highlight that chronobiological variations in nitrate metabolism and the timing of BRnitrate supplementation in relation to the IR injury protocol, may have confounded the observed results following 7-day BRnitratesupplementation. These studies also raise a new series of questions related to the mechanisms by which dietary nitrate may benefit postmenopausal cardiovascular health and support the pursuit of larger scale trials of dietary nitrate supplementation to determine whether these effects are in fact clinically significant and sustainable.
일반주제명  
Plasma
일반주제명  
Womens health
일반주제명  
Mortality
일반주제명  
Risk factors
일반주제명  
Antioxidants
일반주제명  
Atherosclerosis
일반주제명  
Drug dosages
일반주제명  
Oxidative stress
일반주제명  
Hormone replacement therapy
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Middle age
일반주제명  
Blood pressure
일반주제명  
Aging
일반주제명  
Hypertension
일반주제명  
Functional foods & nutraceuticals
일반주제명  
Cardiovascular disease
일반주제명  
Heart
일반주제명  
Ischemia
일반주제명  
Metabolites
일반주제명  
Angina pectoris
일반주제명  
Endocrinology
일반주제명  
Food science
일반주제명  
Pharmaceutical sciences
일반주제명  
Public health
일반주제명  
Therapy
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24512▼aA  Nutraceutical  Timing  Hypothesis:  Does  Supplementation  with  Nitrate-Rich  Beetroot  Juice  Provide  Vascular  Protection  Across  Postmenopausal  Stages?
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a169  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Proctor,  David.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aDifferentiating  the  adverse  chronological-  and  reproductive-aging  associated  changes  on  the  vasculature  remains  a  challenge  to  investigate.  This  is  particularly  important  for  women  as  the  onset  of  menopause  coincides  with  unfavorable  changes  to  cardiovascular  disease  (CVD)  risk  factors.  The  permanent  loss  of  estrogen  following  menopause  is  associated  with  reductions  in  nitric  oxide  bioavailability  (NO),  an  important  vasodilator  and  signaling  molecule,  which  can  lead  to  impaired  endothelium-dependent  vasodilation.  Endothelial  dysfunction,  a  prognostic  indicator  of  CVD  risk,  rapidly  declines  across  the  menopause  transition,  independent  of  chronological  age.  To  further  understand  the  effects  of  reproductive  aging  on  the  vasculature,  the  first  study  of  this  dissertation  compared  the  extent  of  vascular  dysfunction  from  pneumatic  cuff-induced  whole  arm  endothelial  ischemia-reperfusion  (IR)  injury  in  estrogen-replete  premenopausal  (n=11)  and  estrogen-deficient  postmenopausal  women  staged  into  early-  (1-6  years  following  menopause,  n=11)  and  late-  (6+  years  following  menopause,  n=11)  postmenopause.  In  this  cross-sectional  study,  we  found  that  despite  comparable  baseline  endothelial  function  to  premenopausal  women,  early  postmenopausal  women  demonstrate  an  exaggerated  IR-induced  impairment  in  endothelial  function.Few  low  risk-estrogen  therapies  exist  for  enhancing  vascular  health,  and  traditional  pharmacological  management  of  CVD  risk  factors  are  less  effective  in  older  women.  Consequently,  there  is  a  clinical  demand  to  investigate  innovative  non-pharmacological  interventions,  specifically  nutraceuticals,  focusing  on  dietary  strategies  that  can  enhance  NO  bioavailability  in  postmenopausal  women.  The  subsequent  study  comprising  this  dissertation  tested  the  ability  of  both  acute  (600  mg  nitrate  per  140  mL  x  one  dose)  and  7-day  (300  mg  nitrate  per  70mL  daily  x  7  days)  nitrate-rich  beetroot  juice  supplementation  to  raise  circulating  concentrations  of  nitrite  and  favorably  influence  resting  endothelial  function,  endothelial  protection  (i.e.,  endothelial  resistance)  against  IR  injury,  and  plasma  oxidative  stress  (chapter  5)  in  normotensive,  metabolically  healthy  early-  (n=12)  and  late-  (n=12)  postmenopausal  women.  A  randomized,  placebo-controlled  (BRnitrate  vs.  BRplacebo;  IND#119978),  double  blind,  crossover  study  design  was  used,  with  a  minimum  14-day  washout  period  between  treatments  and  standardized  pre-visit  instructions  to  minimize  between-visit  variation  in  plasma  nitrite  concentration.  Compared  to  responses  observed  with  BRplacebo,  our  findings  demonstrate:  1)  acute  BRnitrate  consumption  raised  plasma  nitrite  concentration  and  improved  endothelial  resistance  against  IR  injury,  regardless  of  postmenopausal  stage,  2)  despite  a  clinically  significant  increase  in  resting  endothelial  function,  nitrate-mediated  endothelial  protection  against  IR  injury  was  not  maintained  24-hours  following  the  last  dose  of  7-day  supplementation  with  BRnitrate  in  either  postmenopausal  group  and  3)  while  7-day  BRnitrate  did  not  affect  the  plasma  metabolome,  we  show  that  reproductive  aging  critically  impacts  the  plasma  metabolite  profile  between  postmenopausal  stages.  Collectively,  these  results  provide  the  first  evidence  that  acute  dietary  nitrate  supplementation  enhances  endothelial  protection  against  IR  injury,  regardless  of  postmenopausal  stage.  Moreover,  our  findings  highlight  that  chronobiological  variations  in  nitrate  metabolism  and  the  timing  of  BRnitrate  supplementation  in  relation  to  the  IR  injury  protocol,  may  have  confounded  the  observed  results  following  7-day  BRnitratesupplementation.  These  studies  also  raise  a  new  series  of  questions  related  to  the  mechanisms  by  which  dietary  nitrate  may  benefit  postmenopausal  cardiovascular  health  and  support  the  pursuit  of  larger  scale  trials  of  dietary  nitrate  supplementation  to  determine  whether  these  effects  are  in  fact  clinically  significant  and  sustainable.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aPlasma
■650  4▼aWomens  health
■650  4▼aMortality
■650  4▼aRisk  factors
■650  4▼aAntioxidants
■650  4▼aAtherosclerosis
■650  4▼aDrug  dosages
■650  4▼aOxidative  stress
■650  4▼aHormone  replacement  therapy
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aMiddle  age
■650  4▼aBlood  pressure
■650  4▼aAging
■650  4▼aHypertension
■650  4▼aFunctional  foods  &  nutraceuticals
■650  4▼aCardiovascular  disease
■650  4▼aHeart
■650  4▼aIschemia
■650  4▼aMetabolites
■650  4▼aAngina  pectoris
■650  4▼aEndocrinology
■650  4▼aFood  science
■650  4▼aPharmaceutical  sciences
■650  4▼aPublic  health
■650  4▼aTherapy
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■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03A.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162912▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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