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Cold Pools in Satellite and Model Data
Cold Pools in Satellite and Model Data
Cold Pools in Satellite and Model Data

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152941
ISBN  
9798384486336
DDC  
551.5
저자명  
Orenstein, Patrick.
서명/저자  
Cold Pools in Satellite and Model Data
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
89 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Sobel, Adam H.;Camargo, Suzana J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Convective cold pools are important modulators of the onset and evolution of deep convection in the tropics. Cold pools are generated by downdrafts and can outlive the storms they originate from to spark new convection. However, most of our understanding of cold pool mechanics comes from high-resolution simulations and a relatively small number of in situ observational studies. This thesis brings novel observational approaches together with climate model data to understand the behavior of cold pools on a global scale and how a mesoscale weather behavior can be accounted for in a climate-scale simulation.First, we leverage a dataset derived from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) satellite instrument by Garg et al. (2020) to quantify seasonal variations in cold pool activity and their relationship to deep convection across tropical ocean basins. The dataset identifies gradient features (GFs) in the surface wind field, which have been shown to serve as reliable proxies for the boundaries of atmospheric cold pools. We examine the relationship between GFs and climatologies of precipitation, column relative humidity (CRH), and bulk vertical wind shear. We also collocate GFs with precipitation and CRH. High GF frequency, precipitation, and CRH coincide in many regions of the tropics, consistent with our understanding of the physical connections between precipitation and cold pool generation. On the other hand, climatological bulk wind shear is often low in convective regions, and there is a weak inverse correlation between GF frequency and bulk wind shear, while our prior expectation might have been that shear promotes cold pool formation. Compared to GF frequency, GF size shows a weaker relationship with the convective environment, with some of the largest GFs occurring at lower CRH values for a given rainfall rate. In a few exceptional regions and seasons, such as the Indian Ocean in northern hemisphere summer, the region of greatest precipitation does not coincide with the region of greatest GF frequency. These cases also have very high seasonal mean CRH, suggesting that in these regions cold pool formation is suppressed by reduced evaporation of precipitation.Following that, we apply the GF data set to the task of evaluating the realism of the cold pool parameterization in the GISS E3 earth model originally designed by Del Genio et al. (2015). We compare the GF data set to model results from six versions of the GISS model with perturbed parameters. Cold pools generated by the model have significantly different geographic distribution to satellite-observed GFs, particularly in critical convective regions. They also appear to be much less common than GFs, though they have a broadly similar dependence on column water vapor (CWV), especially in terms of size.Finally, we seek to understand the mechanics of the model cold pool parameterization on its own. A subset of high-time resolution model versions is used to deconstruct the behavior of the model parameterization at the scale of individual time steps. Our aim is to see what level of physical realism is associated with the emergent trends seen in the climatological statistics. We find that the model generates cold pool temperature and moisture depressions of similar magnitude to cold pools measured from ships, but tend to dissipate too quickly. Model cold pools also appear to spark increased precipitation, as they are designed to do, but that precipitation appears to come from the stratiform model parameterization, not the moist convection one.Together, these results provide a first opportunity to empirically evaluate a model parameterization originally developed using theory.
일반주제명  
Atmospheric sciences
일반주제명  
Meteorology
일반주제명  
Remote sensing
일반주제명  
Climate change
키워드  
Deep convection
키워드  
Column relative humidity
키워드  
Column water vapor
키워드  
Pool parameterization
키워드  
Climatological statistics
기타저자  
Columbia University Applied Mathematics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aOrenstein,  Patrick.
■24510▼aCold  Pools  in  Satellite  and  Model  Data
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a89  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Sobel,  Adam  H.;Camargo,  Suzana  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aConvective  cold  pools  are  important  modulators  of  the  onset  and  evolution  of  deep  convection  in  the  tropics.  Cold  pools  are  generated  by  downdrafts  and  can  outlive  the  storms  they  originate  from  to  spark  new  convection.  However,  most  of  our  understanding  of  cold  pool  mechanics  comes  from  high-resolution  simulations  and  a  relatively  small  number  of  in  situ  observational  studies.  This  thesis  brings  novel  observational  approaches  together  with  climate  model  data  to  understand  the  behavior  of  cold  pools  on  a  global  scale  and  how  a  mesoscale  weather  behavior  can  be  accounted  for  in  a  climate-scale  simulation.First,  we  leverage  a  dataset  derived  from  the  Advanced  Scatterometer  (ASCAT)  satellite  instrument  by  Garg  et  al.  (2020)  to  quantify  seasonal  variations  in  cold  pool  activity  and  their  relationship  to  deep  convection  across  tropical  ocean  basins.  The  dataset  identifies  gradient  features  (GFs)  in  the  surface  wind  field,  which  have  been  shown  to  serve  as  reliable  proxies  for  the  boundaries  of  atmospheric  cold  pools.  We  examine  the  relationship  between  GFs  and  climatologies  of  precipitation,  column  relative  humidity  (CRH),  and  bulk  vertical  wind  shear.  We  also  collocate  GFs  with  precipitation  and  CRH.  High  GF  frequency,  precipitation,  and  CRH  coincide  in  many  regions  of  the  tropics,  consistent  with  our  understanding  of  the  physical  connections  between  precipitation  and  cold  pool  generation.  On  the  other  hand,  climatological  bulk  wind  shear  is  often  low  in  convective  regions,  and  there  is  a  weak  inverse  correlation  between  GF  frequency  and  bulk  wind  shear,  while  our  prior  expectation  might  have  been  that  shear  promotes  cold  pool  formation.  Compared  to  GF  frequency,  GF  size  shows  a  weaker  relationship  with  the  convective  environment,  with  some  of  the  largest  GFs  occurring  at  lower  CRH  values  for  a  given  rainfall  rate.  In  a  few  exceptional  regions  and  seasons,  such  as  the  Indian  Ocean  in  northern  hemisphere  summer,  the  region  of  greatest  precipitation  does  not  coincide  with  the  region  of  greatest  GF  frequency.  These  cases  also  have  very  high  seasonal  mean  CRH,  suggesting  that  in  these  regions  cold  pool  formation  is  suppressed  by  reduced  evaporation  of  precipitation.Following  that,  we  apply  the  GF  data  set  to  the  task  of  evaluating  the  realism  of  the  cold  pool  parameterization  in  the  GISS  E3  earth  model  originally  designed  by  Del  Genio  et  al.  (2015).  We  compare  the  GF  data  set  to  model  results  from  six  versions  of  the  GISS  model  with  perturbed  parameters.  Cold  pools  generated  by  the  model  have  significantly  different  geographic  distribution  to  satellite-observed  GFs,  particularly  in  critical  convective  regions.  They  also  appear  to  be  much  less  common  than  GFs,  though  they  have  a  broadly  similar  dependence  on  column  water  vapor  (CWV),  especially  in  terms  of  size.Finally,  we  seek  to  understand  the  mechanics  of  the  model  cold  pool  parameterization  on  its  own.  A  subset  of  high-time  resolution  model  versions  is  used  to  deconstruct  the  behavior  of  the  model  parameterization  at  the  scale  of  individual  time  steps.  Our  aim  is  to  see  what  level  of  physical  realism  is  associated  with  the  emergent  trends  seen  in  the  climatological  statistics.  We  find  that  the  model  generates  cold  pool  temperature  and  moisture  depressions  of  similar  magnitude  to  cold  pools  measured  from  ships,  but  tend  to  dissipate  too  quickly.  Model  cold  pools  also  appear  to  spark  increased  precipitation,  as  they  are  designed  to  do,  but  that  precipitation  appears  to  come  from  the  stratiform  model  parameterization,  not  the  moist  convection  one.Together,  these  results  provide  a  first  opportunity  to  empirically  evaluate  a  model  parameterization  originally  developed  using  theory.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aAtmospheric  sciences
■650  4▼aMeteorology
■650  4▼aRemote  sensing
■650  4▼aClimate  change
■653    ▼aDeep  convection
■653    ▼aColumn  relative  humidity
■653    ▼aColumn  water  vapor
■653    ▼aPool  parameterization
■653    ▼aClimatological  statistics
■690    ▼a0725
■690    ▼a0557
■690    ▼a0404
■690    ▼a0799
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bApplied  Mathematics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164273▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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