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Electromagnetic Emission From Compact Black Hole Binaries
Electromagnetic Emission From Compact Black Hole Binaries
Electromagnetic Emission From Compact Black Hole Binaries

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152729
ISBN  
9798384058960
DDC  
523
저자명  
Krauth, Luke Major.
서명/저자  
Electromagnetic Emission From Compact Black Hole Binaries
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
205 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Haiman, Zoltan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The upcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is expected to detect gravitational waves (GWs) from massive black hole binaries (MBHB). Finding the electromagnetic (EM) counterparts for these GW events will be crucial for understanding how and where MBHBs merge, measuring their redshifts, constraining the Hubble constant and the graviton mass, and for other novel science applications. However, due to poor GW sky localization, multi-wavelength, time-dependent electromagnetic (EM) models are needed to identify the right host galaxy. This dissertation investigates electromagnetic (EM) signatures to accompany compact black hole binaries, specifically those that occur prior to, during, and following the merger, as well as those originating via self-lensing flares (SLFs).Chapter 2 considers equal-mass merging massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) embedded in a circumbinary disk (CBD), using high-resolution two-dimensional simulations, with a Γ-law equation of state, incorporating viscous heating, shock heating, and radiative cooling. Beginning from before the decoupling limit and transitioning through into post-merger, distinct EM features are identified before, during, and after the merger. The main result is that the MBHB produces strong thermal X-ray emission until 1-2 days prior to the merger. However, as the binary decouples from the CBD, the X-ray-bright minidisks rapidly shrink in size, become disrupted, and the accretion rate drops precipitously. As a result, the thermal X-ray luminosity drops by orders of magnitude, and the source remains X-ray dark for several days, regardless of any post-merger effects such as gravitational wave (GW) recoil or mass loss. Looking for this abrupt spectral change where the thermal X-ray disappears is a tell-tale EM signature of LISA mergers that does not require extensive pre-merger monitoring.Chapter 3 follows up on and extends the results of Chapter 2 by investigating the effects to the EM spectrum for unequal-mass MBHBs via comparable simulations. This work corroborates the findings of a several order of magnitude drop in the thermal X-ray luminosity near the time of merger, but with delayed timing than found in an equal-mass system, while the source still remains X-ray dark for hours post-merger. The main result, however, is a new signature, a sharp spike in the thermal X-ray emission just before the tell-tale steep drop occurs. This adds an additional EM signature that can be used to identify EM counterparts of LISA's unequal MBHBs before the merger and potentially measure the mass ratio of the system through EM means.Finally, Chapter 4 addresses the EM signature of self-lensing flares (SLFs). SLFs are expected to be produced once or twice per orbit by an accreting MBHB, if the eclipsing MBHBs are observed close to edge-on. Again, using high-resolution two-dimensional viscous hydrodynamical simulations of a CBD embedding a MBHB, a very high-cadence output of these hydrodynamical simulation is used as inputs for a general-relativistic ray-tracing code to produce synthetic spectra and phase-folded light curves. The main results show a significant periodic amplification of the flux with the characteristic shape of a sharp flare with a central dip, as the foreground black hole (BH) transits across the minidisk and shadow of the background BH, respectively. These corroborate previous conclusions based on the microlensing approximation and analytical toy models of the emission geometry. A realistic concern with incorporating a physical disk was that the CBD might obscure our view of the SLF, considering they only appreciably occur for a near edge-on line of sight. However, this work shows that the CBD is in fact more a friend than foe in the detection, because while the CBD does indeed block other sources of emission that constitute noise, the bent trajectories of the light from the lensed minidisks remain visible even for these edge-on configurations.
일반주제명  
Astrophysics
일반주제명  
Astronomy
일반주제명  
Physics
키워드  
Accretion disks
키워드  
Black hole physics
키워드  
Cosmology
키워드  
Hydrodynamics
키워드  
X-ray astronomy
기타저자  
Columbia University Physics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aKrauth,  Luke  Major.
■24510▼aElectromagnetic  Emission  From  Compact  Black  Hole  Binaries
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a205  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Haiman,  Zoltan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  upcoming  Laser  Interferometer  Space  Antenna  (LISA)  is  expected  to  detect  gravitational  waves  (GWs)  from  massive  black  hole  binaries  (MBHB).  Finding  the  electromagnetic  (EM)  counterparts  for  these  GW  events  will  be  crucial  for  understanding  how  and  where  MBHBs  merge,  measuring  their  redshifts,  constraining  the  Hubble  constant  and  the  graviton  mass,  and  for  other  novel  science  applications.  However,  due  to  poor  GW  sky  localization,  multi-wavelength,  time-dependent  electromagnetic  (EM)  models  are  needed  to  identify  the  right  host  galaxy.  This  dissertation  investigates  electromagnetic  (EM)  signatures  to  accompany  compact  black  hole  binaries,  specifically  those  that  occur  prior  to,  during,  and  following  the  merger,  as  well  as  those  originating  via  self-lensing  flares  (SLFs).Chapter  2  considers  equal-mass  merging  massive  black  hole  binaries  (MBHBs)  embedded  in  a  circumbinary  disk  (CBD),  using  high-resolution  two-dimensional  simulations,  with  a  Γ-law  equation  of  state,  incorporating  viscous  heating,  shock  heating,  and  radiative  cooling.  Beginning  from  before  the  decoupling  limit  and  transitioning  through  into  post-merger,  distinct  EM  features  are  identified  before,  during,  and  after  the  merger.  The  main  result  is  that  the  MBHB  produces  strong  thermal  X-ray  emission  until  1-2  days  prior  to  the  merger.  However,  as  the  binary  decouples  from  the  CBD,  the  X-ray-bright  minidisks  rapidly  shrink  in  size,  become  disrupted,  and  the  accretion  rate  drops  precipitously.  As  a  result,  the  thermal  X-ray  luminosity  drops  by  orders  of  magnitude,  and  the  source  remains  X-ray  dark  for  several  days,  regardless  of  any  post-merger  effects  such  as  gravitational  wave  (GW)  recoil  or  mass  loss.  Looking  for  this  abrupt  spectral  change  where  the  thermal  X-ray  disappears  is  a  tell-tale  EM  signature  of  LISA  mergers  that  does  not  require  extensive  pre-merger  monitoring.Chapter  3  follows  up  on  and  extends  the  results  of  Chapter  2  by  investigating  the  effects  to  the  EM  spectrum  for  unequal-mass  MBHBs  via  comparable  simulations.  This  work  corroborates  the  findings  of  a  several  order  of  magnitude  drop  in  the  thermal  X-ray  luminosity  near  the  time  of  merger,  but  with  delayed  timing  than  found  in  an  equal-mass  system,  while  the  source  still  remains  X-ray  dark  for  hours  post-merger.  The  main  result,  however,  is  a  new  signature,  a  sharp  spike  in  the  thermal  X-ray  emission  just  before  the  tell-tale  steep  drop  occurs.  This  adds  an  additional  EM  signature  that  can  be  used  to  identify  EM  counterparts  of  LISA's  unequal  MBHBs  before  the  merger  and  potentially  measure  the  mass  ratio  of  the  system  through  EM  means.Finally,  Chapter  4  addresses  the  EM  signature  of  self-lensing  flares  (SLFs).  SLFs  are  expected  to  be  produced  once  or  twice  per  orbit  by  an  accreting  MBHB,  if  the  eclipsing  MBHBs  are  observed  close  to  edge-on.  Again,  using  high-resolution  two-dimensional  viscous  hydrodynamical  simulations  of  a  CBD  embedding  a  MBHB,  a  very  high-cadence  output  of  these  hydrodynamical  simulation  is  used  as  inputs  for  a  general-relativistic  ray-tracing  code  to  produce  synthetic  spectra  and  phase-folded  light  curves.  The  main  results  show  a  significant  periodic  amplification  of  the  flux  with  the  characteristic  shape  of  a  sharp  flare  with  a  central  dip,  as  the  foreground  black  hole  (BH)  transits  across  the  minidisk  and  shadow  of  the  background  BH,  respectively.  These  corroborate  previous  conclusions  based  on  the  microlensing  approximation  and  analytical  toy  models  of  the  emission  geometry.  A  realistic  concern  with  incorporating  a  physical  disk  was  that  the  CBD  might  obscure  our  view  of  the  SLF,  considering  they  only  appreciably  occur  for  a  near  edge-on  line  of  sight.  However,  this  work  shows  that  the  CBD  is  in  fact  more  a  friend  than  foe  in  the  detection,  because  while  the  CBD  does  indeed  block  other  sources  of  emission  that  constitute  noise,  the  bent  trajectories  of  the  light  from  the  lensed  minidisks  remain  visible  even  for  these  edge-on  configurations.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aAstrophysics
■650  4▼aAstronomy
■650  4▼aPhysics
■653    ▼aAccretion  disks
■653    ▼aBlack  hole  physics
■653    ▼aCosmology
■653    ▼aHydrodynamics
■653    ▼aX-ray  astronomy
■690    ▼a0596
■690    ▼a0606
■690    ▼a0605
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bPhysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163597▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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