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Mechanics and Motility of Myxococcus xanthus
Mechanics and Motility of Myxococcus xanthus
Mechanics and Motility of Myxococcus xanthus

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151401
ISBN  
9798382806709
DDC  
574.191
저자명  
Black, Matthew Edward.
서명/저자  
Mechanics and Motility of Myxococcus xanthus
발행사항  
[Sl] : Princeton University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
212 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Shaevitz, Joshua W.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Emergent phenomena pervade the biological world. These phenomena come about due to interactions between the constituent units of a larger whole in contexts ranging from cells within a developing embryo or tissue, to groups of social organisms living together. In this thesis, we use the model bacteria Myxococcus xanthus (M. xanthus) to investigate two varieties of such phenomena. Unlike most bacteria, the life cycle of M. xanthus is predicated upon the population being maintained in a swarm-like state of high cell density. To ensure that such a state is maintained, populations of M. xanthus employ a variety of collective behaviors both vegetatively, where they leverage their swarming state to more efficiently predate other microorganisms, and under starvation whereupon the population undergoes a primitive developmental process and self-assembles into a macroscopic, spore-filled fruiting body.First, we use atomic force microscopy to probe the rheological properties of these fruiting bodies. By doing so throughout the developmental process, we map out how the mechanical properties of these structures evolve as they grow. Altogether, these results suggest that the continuum, many-bacteria scale mechanics of fruiting bodies evolve over the course of development towards the fulfillment of the fruiting bodies ultimate purpose in preserving the population as a coherent whole against prolonged environmental stress.Next, we investigate the effect of fluid wetting on the dynamics of terrestrial bacteria. Such wetting occurs when solid objects are placed on top of a (semi-)hydrated surface and thus is likely ubiquitous in the soil where M. xanthus lives. We show that the interaction of wetting menisci of adjacent cells creates an attractive capillary force between cells. We present evidence that these forces can explain the dynamics of motile cells wherein different emergent patterns can form based solely on the interaction of capillary forces with the frequency with which such cells reverse their direction of motion. Comparison with the solitary gliding bacteria Flavobacteria johnsoniae suggest that the emergent behaviors demonstrated by our model are general to all gliding bacteria and may be used as a minimal framework for reasoning about such populations.
일반주제명  
Biophysics
일반주제명  
Microbiology
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
키워드  
Myxococcus xanthus
키워드  
Microorganisms
키워드  
Flavobacteria johnsoniae
키워드  
Developmental process
기타저자  
Princeton University Quantitative Computational Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■006m          o    d                
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■020    ▼a9798382806709
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31244363
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574.191
■1001  ▼aBlack,  Matthew  Edward.
■24510▼aMechanics  and  Motility  of  Myxococcus  xanthus
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bPrinceton  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a212  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Shaevitz,  Joshua  W.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Princeton  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aEmergent  phenomena  pervade  the  biological  world.  These  phenomena  come  about  due  to  interactions  between  the  constituent  units  of  a  larger  whole  in  contexts  ranging  from  cells  within  a  developing  embryo  or  tissue,  to  groups  of  social  organisms  living  together.  In  this  thesis,  we  use  the  model  bacteria  Myxococcus  xanthus  (M.  xanthus)  to  investigate  two  varieties  of  such  phenomena.  Unlike  most  bacteria,  the  life  cycle  of  M.  xanthus  is  predicated  upon  the  population  being  maintained  in  a  swarm-like  state  of  high  cell  density.  To  ensure  that  such  a  state  is  maintained,  populations  of  M.  xanthus  employ  a  variety  of  collective  behaviors  both  vegetatively,  where  they  leverage  their  swarming  state  to  more  efficiently  predate  other  microorganisms,  and  under  starvation  whereupon  the  population  undergoes  a  primitive  developmental  process  and  self-assembles  into  a  macroscopic,  spore-filled  fruiting  body.First,  we  use  atomic  force  microscopy  to  probe  the  rheological  properties  of  these  fruiting  bodies.  By  doing  so  throughout  the  developmental  process,  we  map  out  how  the  mechanical  properties  of  these  structures  evolve  as  they  grow.  Altogether,  these  results  suggest  that  the  continuum,  many-bacteria  scale  mechanics  of  fruiting  bodies  evolve  over  the  course  of  development  towards  the  fulfillment  of  the  fruiting  bodies  ultimate  purpose  in  preserving  the  population  as  a  coherent  whole  against  prolonged  environmental  stress.Next,  we  investigate  the  effect  of  fluid  wetting  on  the  dynamics  of  terrestrial  bacteria.  Such  wetting  occurs  when  solid  objects  are  placed  on  top  of  a  (semi-)hydrated  surface  and  thus  is  likely  ubiquitous  in  the  soil  where  M.  xanthus  lives.  We  show  that  the  interaction  of  wetting  menisci  of  adjacent  cells  creates  an  attractive  capillary  force  between  cells.  We  present  evidence  that  these  forces  can  explain  the  dynamics  of  motile  cells  wherein  different  emergent  patterns  can  form  based  solely  on  the  interaction  of  capillary  forces  with  the  frequency  with  which  such  cells  reverse  their  direction  of  motion.  Comparison  with  the  solitary  gliding  bacteria  Flavobacteria  johnsoniae  suggest  that  the  emergent  behaviors  demonstrated  by  our  model  are  general  to  all  gliding  bacteria  and  may  be  used  as  a  minimal  framework  for  reasoning  about  such  populations.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0181.
■650  4▼aBiophysics
■650  4▼aMicrobiology
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■653    ▼aMyxococcus  xanthus
■653    ▼aMicroorganisms
■653    ▼aFlavobacteria  johnsoniae
■653    ▼aDevelopmental  process
■690    ▼a0786
■690    ▼a0410
■690    ▼a0379
■71020▼aPrinceton  University▼bQuantitative  Computational  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0181
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161474▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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