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Probing the Neural Code of the Central Retina for Vision Restoration
Probing the Neural Code of the Central Retina for Vision Restoration
Probing the Neural Code of the Central Retina for Vision Restoration

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151405
ISBN  
9798382234540
DDC  
617.7
저자명  
Alex Richard Gogliettino.
서명/저자  
Probing the Neural Code of the Central Retina for Vision Restoration
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
86 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Chichilnisky, E. J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Interfacing the nervous system with custom electronics that can record and artificially activate neural circuits is a promising way to treat a variety of nervous system disorders. In the retina in particular, epiretinal prostheses are one such neural implant that directly interface with retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) by electrically stimulating them, causing them to send visual information to the brain. These devices are used to treat blindness resulting from photoreceptor degeneration, caused by diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. Although modern implants are able to produce light percepts to some degree, the visual percepts are coarse-grained and do not provide useful functional vision, likely because they stimulate RGCs indiscriminately in a manner quite distinct from the natural neural code of the retina. In order to faithfully reproduce the visual neural code of the retina, cellular level control over recording and stimulation are likely required in regions of the retina that support high-acuity vision. In this dissertation, we explore how well visual signals can be reproduced in the central retina of the primate ex vivo using single-electrode epiretinal electrical stimulation as an experimental prototype for a future epiretinal prosthesis.First, we visually stimulate preparations from the central and peripheral retina with a white noise visual stimulus to classify functionally-distinct RGC types, and fit each RGC with a linear-nonlinear Poisson (LNP) model to determine the light response properties of major RGC types in the central retina, and quantitatively compare them to those in the peripheral retina. Next, we electrically stimulate RGCs in the central retina to determine the level of control over RGC responses that can be achieved using single-electrode epiretinal electrical stimulation. Finally, by combining the LNP model parameters and the responses to single-electrode stimulation, we in simulation exploit a recently-developed stimulation algorithm that optimizes stimulation based on visual reconstruction to determine the quality of visual signals that can be reproduced in the central retina, using electrical stimulation. We find that the functional organization, light response and electrical properties of the major RGC types in the central retina are mostly similar to those in the peripheral, with some differences in density, kinetics, linearity, spiking statistics and correlations. The major RGC types could be distinguished by their intrinsic electrical properties. Electrical stimulation targeting parasol cells revealed similar activation thresholds and reduced axon bundle activation in the central retina, but lower stimulation selectivity. Quantitative evaluation of the potential for image reconstruction from electrically evoked parasol cell signals revealed higher overall expected image quality in the central retina. An exploration of inadvertent midget cell activation suggested that it could contribute high spatial frequency noise to the visual signal carried by parasol cells. These results support the possibility of reproducing high-acuity visual signals in the central retina with an epiretinal implant.In the final chapter of this dissertation, we explore how well a recently-developed convolutional neural network model of light responses (Deep Retina) can predict population-level responses of major RGC types in the peripheral primate retina, and provide a quantitative comparison to a linear-nonlinear (LN) model. We find that for models trained and evaluated on naturalistic images, Deep Retina outperformed the LN model in both firing rate predictions as well as the quality of the image features that are represented in the population responses, using an image reconstruction approach.
일반주제명  
Ophthalmology
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
키워드  
Linear-nonlinear Poisson
키워드  
Retinal ganglion cells
키워드  
Neural code
키워드  
Central retina
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aAlex  Richard  Gogliettino.
■24510▼aProbing  the  Neural  Code  of  the  Central  Retina  for  Vision  Restoration
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a86  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Chichilnisky,  E.  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aInterfacing  the  nervous  system  with  custom  electronics  that  can  record  and  artificially  activate  neural  circuits  is  a  promising  way  to  treat  a  variety  of  nervous  system  disorders.  In  the  retina  in  particular,  epiretinal  prostheses  are  one  such  neural  implant  that  directly  interface  with  retinal  ganglion  cells  (RGCs)  by  electrically  stimulating  them,  causing  them  to  send  visual  information  to  the  brain.  These  devices  are  used  to  treat  blindness  resulting  from  photoreceptor  degeneration,  caused  by  diseases  such  as  age-related  macular  degeneration  and  retinitis  pigmentosa.  Although  modern  implants  are  able  to  produce  light  percepts  to  some  degree,  the  visual  percepts  are  coarse-grained  and  do  not  provide  useful  functional  vision,  likely  because  they  stimulate  RGCs  indiscriminately  in  a  manner  quite  distinct  from  the  natural  neural  code  of  the  retina.  In  order  to  faithfully  reproduce  the  visual  neural  code  of  the  retina,  cellular  level  control  over  recording  and  stimulation  are  likely  required  in  regions  of  the  retina  that  support  high-acuity  vision.  In  this  dissertation,  we  explore  how  well  visual  signals  can  be  reproduced  in  the  central  retina  of  the  primate  ex  vivo  using  single-electrode  epiretinal  electrical  stimulation  as  an  experimental  prototype  for  a  future  epiretinal  prosthesis.First,  we  visually  stimulate  preparations  from  the  central  and  peripheral  retina  with  a  white  noise  visual  stimulus  to  classify  functionally-distinct  RGC  types,  and  fit  each  RGC  with  a  linear-nonlinear  Poisson  (LNP)  model  to  determine  the  light  response  properties  of  major  RGC  types  in  the  central  retina,  and  quantitatively  compare  them  to  those  in  the  peripheral  retina.  Next,  we  electrically  stimulate  RGCs  in  the  central  retina  to  determine  the  level  of  control  over  RGC  responses  that  can  be  achieved  using  single-electrode  epiretinal  electrical  stimulation.  Finally,  by  combining  the  LNP  model  parameters  and  the  responses  to  single-electrode  stimulation,  we  in  simulation  exploit  a  recently-developed  stimulation  algorithm  that  optimizes  stimulation  based  on  visual  reconstruction  to  determine  the  quality  of  visual  signals  that  can  be  reproduced  in  the  central  retina,  using  electrical  stimulation.  We  find  that  the  functional  organization,  light  response  and  electrical  properties  of  the  major  RGC  types  in  the  central  retina  are  mostly  similar  to  those  in  the  peripheral,  with  some  differences  in  density,  kinetics,  linearity,  spiking  statistics  and  correlations.  The  major  RGC  types  could  be  distinguished  by  their  intrinsic  electrical  properties.  Electrical  stimulation  targeting  parasol  cells  revealed  similar  activation  thresholds  and  reduced  axon  bundle  activation  in  the  central  retina,  but  lower  stimulation  selectivity.  Quantitative  evaluation  of  the  potential  for  image  reconstruction  from  electrically  evoked  parasol  cell  signals  revealed  higher  overall  expected  image  quality  in  the  central  retina.  An  exploration  of  inadvertent  midget  cell  activation  suggested  that  it  could  contribute  high  spatial  frequency  noise  to  the  visual  signal  carried  by  parasol  cells.  These  results  support  the  possibility  of  reproducing  high-acuity  visual  signals  in  the  central  retina  with  an  epiretinal  implant.In  the  final  chapter  of  this  dissertation,  we  explore  how  well  a  recently-developed  convolutional  neural  network  model  of  light  responses  (Deep  Retina)  can  predict  population-level  responses  of  major  RGC  types  in  the  peripheral  primate  retina,  and  provide  a  quantitative  comparison  to  a  linear-nonlinear  (LN)  model.  We  find  that  for  models  trained  and  evaluated  on  naturalistic  images,  Deep  Retina  outperformed  the  LN  model  in  both  firing  rate  predictions  as  well  as  the  quality  of  the  image  features  that  are  represented  in  the  population  responses,  using  an  image  reconstruction  approach.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aOphthalmology
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■653    ▼aLinear-nonlinear  Poisson
■653    ▼aRetinal  ganglion  cells
■653    ▼aNeural  code
■653    ▼aCentral  retina
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0381
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161507▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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