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Higher-Order VCO-Based ADCs for Sensor Interfaces
Higher-Order VCO-Based ADCs for Sensor Interfaces
Higher-Order VCO-Based ADCs for Sensor Interfaces

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211150929
ISBN  
9798383056561
DDC  
621.3
저자명  
Pochet, Corentin.
서명/저자  
Higher-Order VCO-Based ADCs for Sensor Interfaces
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, San Diego, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
106 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hall, Drew A.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has revolutionized the technological landscape, permeating various domains and significantly impacting how we interact with the digital and physical realms. As everyday objects become imbued with the capability to collect, manipulate, and acquire data autonomously. Smart distributed sensor networks are formed and are expected to allow transformative changes in sectors such as healthcare, industrial production, and agriculture by allowing continuous monitoring and data-supported decision-making, improving outcomes and efficiency.The design of these highly advanced sensor nodes presents challenges as they must be extremely power efficient to allow for continuous long-term monitoring with a small battery or energy harvester to ensure unobtrusive form factors. A key component to reducing the power consumption and allowing large-scale deployment of IoT sensors is the use of on-device data processing, which reduces the data-transmission bandwidth, latency, and power consumption. This digital heavy preprocessing drives the system design towards selecting highly integrated system-on-chip (SoC) solutions that rely on the advanced process nodes for highly efficient operation of the digital core in charge of data processing at the sensor nodes. However, these advanced technologies do not scale as well for analog front-ends in charge of acquiring the sensor data as they do for digital signal processing with second-order effects significantly degrading key analog transistor parameters (gain, gate leakage, mismatches, etc.), making the design of high-performance analog circuits increasingly difficult. A lot of research has been dedicated to developing alternative architectures that are more resilient or even benefit from technology scaling. Among these architectures, voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) based analog-to-digital converters (ADC) leverage digital-friendly ring oscillators to perform signal processing and quantization, providing highly scalable analog-to-digital interfaces.These VCO-based ADCs have been mostly designed for high-speed applications with MHz of bandwidth but have started showing their potential for lower bandwidth sensor nodes thanks to their supply insensitivity, infinite DC gain, and compact area. However, many challenges are associated with designing high dynamic range (DR) ADCs using VCO-based integrators as they have limited intrinsic linearity and require a large oversampling ratio due to being limited to 1st -order noise shaping.The first prototype is intended to be used for wearable continuous health monitoring. It was designed to interface directly with high-impedance recording electrodes and provide a wide dynamic range and linearity to absorb motion artifacts and correct them in the digital domain. The prototype ADC achieves 2nd -order noise-shaping with high linearity and power efficiency using a novel Gated-inverted-ring-oscillator(GIIRO)-based time-to-digital converter and a multi-quantizer scheme. The ADC achieves a dynamic range greater than 90 dB and above 110 dB of linearity while consuming only 5.4 µW of power. This corresponds to a Schreier Figure of Merit (FoM) of 174.7 dB, which was state-of-the-art for VCO-based ADCs at the time of publication.The second prototype was developed by building upon the feedforwarding techniques commonly used in the standard voltage domain ADC architectures and applying them to capacitively coupled VCO-based ADCs. Using the pseudo-virtual ground (PVG) at the input of the VCO integrator and feeding it further down the loop, we showed that high linearity and higher-order noise-shaping shaping could be achieved extremely power-efficiently. The prototype achieved 3rd -order noise-shaping with a 92.1 dB SNDR and a peak linearity of 123 dB while consuming only 4.4 µW. This led to a Schreier FoM of 179.6 dB, indicating how efficient the proposed structure is and showing comparable performance to standard voltage domain architectures.
일반주제명  
Electrical engineering
일반주제명  
Biomedical engineering
일반주제명  
Engineering
키워드  
Delta-sigma modulator
키워드  
Sensor interface
키워드  
VCO-based ADC
키워드  
Analog-to-digital converters
키워드  
System-on-chip
기타저자  
University of California, San Diego Electrical and Computer Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aHigher-Order  VCO-Based  ADCs  for  Sensor  Interfaces
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  San  Diego▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a106  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Hall,  Drew  A.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  San  Diego,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  rapid  proliferation  of  Internet  of  Things  (IoT)  devices  has  revolutionized  the  technological  landscape,  permeating  various  domains  and  significantly  impacting  how  we  interact  with  the  digital  and  physical  realms.  As  everyday  objects  become  imbued  with  the  capability  to  collect,  manipulate,  and  acquire  data  autonomously.  Smart  distributed  sensor  networks  are  formed  and  are  expected  to  allow  transformative  changes  in  sectors  such  as  healthcare,  industrial  production,  and  agriculture  by  allowing  continuous  monitoring  and  data-supported  decision-making,  improving  outcomes  and  efficiency.The  design  of  these  highly  advanced  sensor  nodes  presents  challenges  as  they  must  be  extremely  power  efficient  to  allow  for  continuous  long-term  monitoring  with  a  small  battery  or  energy  harvester  to  ensure  unobtrusive  form  factors.  A  key  component  to  reducing  the  power  consumption  and  allowing  large-scale  deployment  of  IoT  sensors  is  the  use  of  on-device  data  processing,  which  reduces  the  data-transmission  bandwidth,  latency,  and  power  consumption.  This  digital  heavy  preprocessing  drives  the  system  design  towards  selecting  highly  integrated  system-on-chip  (SoC)  solutions  that  rely  on  the  advanced  process  nodes  for  highly  efficient  operation  of  the  digital  core  in  charge  of  data  processing  at  the  sensor  nodes.  However,  these  advanced  technologies  do  not  scale  as  well  for  analog  front-ends  in  charge  of  acquiring  the  sensor  data  as  they  do  for  digital  signal  processing  with  second-order  effects  significantly  degrading  key  analog  transistor  parameters  (gain,  gate  leakage,  mismatches,  etc.),  making  the  design  of  high-performance  analog  circuits  increasingly  difficult.  A  lot  of  research  has  been  dedicated  to  developing  alternative  architectures  that  are  more  resilient  or  even  benefit  from  technology  scaling.  Among  these  architectures,  voltage-controlled  oscillator  (VCO)  based  analog-to-digital  converters  (ADC)  leverage  digital-friendly  ring  oscillators  to  perform  signal  processing  and  quantization,  providing  highly  scalable  analog-to-digital  interfaces.These  VCO-based  ADCs  have  been  mostly  designed  for  high-speed  applications  with  MHz  of  bandwidth  but  have  started  showing  their  potential  for  lower  bandwidth  sensor  nodes  thanks  to  their  supply  insensitivity,  infinite  DC  gain,  and  compact  area.  However,  many  challenges  are  associated  with  designing  high  dynamic  range  (DR)  ADCs  using  VCO-based  integrators  as  they  have  limited  intrinsic  linearity  and  require  a  large  oversampling  ratio  due  to  being  limited  to  1st  -order  noise  shaping.The  first  prototype  is  intended  to  be  used  for  wearable  continuous  health  monitoring.  It  was  designed  to  interface  directly  with  high-impedance  recording  electrodes  and  provide  a  wide  dynamic  range  and  linearity  to  absorb  motion  artifacts  and  correct  them  in  the  digital  domain.  The  prototype  ADC  achieves  2nd  -order  noise-shaping  with  high  linearity  and  power  efficiency  using  a  novel  Gated-inverted-ring-oscillator(GIIRO)-based  time-to-digital  converter  and  a  multi-quantizer  scheme.  The  ADC  achieves  a  dynamic  range  greater  than  90  dB  and  above  110  dB  of  linearity  while  consuming  only  5.4  µW  of  power.  This  corresponds  to  a  Schreier  Figure  of  Merit  (FoM)  of  174.7  dB,  which  was  state-of-the-art  for  VCO-based  ADCs  at  the  time  of  publication.The  second  prototype  was  developed  by  building  upon  the  feedforwarding  techniques  commonly  used  in  the  standard  voltage  domain  ADC  architectures  and  applying  them  to  capacitively  coupled  VCO-based  ADCs.  Using  the  pseudo-virtual  ground  (PVG)  at  the  input  of  the  VCO  integrator  and  feeding  it  further  down  the  loop,  we  showed  that  high  linearity  and  higher-order  noise-shaping  shaping  could  be  achieved  extremely  power-efficiently.  The  prototype  achieved  3rd  -order  noise-shaping  with  a  92.1  dB  SNDR  and  a  peak  linearity  of  123 dB  while  consuming  only  4.4  µW.  This  led  to  a  Schreier  FoM  of  179.6  dB,  indicating  how  efficient  the  proposed  structure  is  and  showing  comparable  performance  to  standard  voltage  domain  architectures.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0033.
■650  4▼aElectrical  engineering
■650  4▼aBiomedical  engineering
■650  4▼aEngineering
■653    ▼aDelta-sigma  modulator
■653    ▼aSensor  interface
■653    ▼aVCO-based  ADC
■653    ▼aAnalog-to-digital  converters
■653    ▼aSystem-on-chip
■690    ▼a0544
■690    ▼a0541
■690    ▼a0537
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  San  Diego▼bElectrical  and  Computer  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0033
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160186▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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