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Investigations of Point Defect Properties and Dislocation Mechanisms in the Equiatomic Nb-Mo-Ta-W Refractory Alloy by Computational Modeling and Simulations
Investigations of Point Defect Properties and Dislocation Mechanisms in the Equiatomic Nb-...
Investigations of Point Defect Properties and Dislocation Mechanisms in the Equiatomic Nb-Mo-Ta-W Refractory Alloy by Computational Modeling and Simulations

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211150959
ISBN  
9798382600796
DDC  
620.11
저자명  
Zhou, Xinran.
서명/저자  
Investigations of Point Defect Properties and Dislocation Mechanisms in the Equiatomic Nb-Mo-Ta-W Refractory Alloy by Computational Modeling and Simulations
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
99 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Marian, Jaime.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Refractory multi-element alloys (RMEA) with body-centered cubic (bcc) structure have been the object of much research over the last decade due to their high potential as candidate structural materials for applications in harsh environments such as power plants, aerospace industry, or nuclear sectors. However, theories are yet to be developed to fully explain their exceptional strength at elevated temperatures, as well as to either verify or refute whether they are as irradiation-tolerant as they are considered to be. A a good starting point to dig in is that macroscopic irradiation behavior of the alloys is known to connected with properties at atomic-level through the roles of point defects, i.e., self-interstitial atoms (SIA) and vacancies. As for high-temperature strength, it is hypothesized that global chemical fluctuations in these complex alloys are major causes of strengthening through interactions with screw dislocation that significantly alter dislocation energetics and mechanisms which are known to control the plasticity of classical bcc metals and dilute alloys.Among all members of the RMEA family, the equiatomic Nb-Mo-Ta-W system has become a model alloy of the RMEA group due to its phase stability, microstructural simplicity, and mixture of elements with high lattice distortion, making it an ideal experimental and computational test bed to study fundamental behavior. Therefore, to explore the above points and implement the modern theories, we use atomistic simulations to study the properties vacancies as well as self-interstitial atoms in the quaternary equiatomic Nb-Mo-Ta-W refractory alloy. To investigate the bcc RMEA plasticity, we develop a kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) model to simulate screw dislocation motion in RMEAs and perform simulations to study the relationship between dislocation mechanisms and alloy strength and quantify the contribution to the total strength due to screw dislocation.In our investigation of vacancy properties in Nb-Mo-Ta-W, we calculate their energetics in the equiatomic Nb-Mo-Ta-W alloy, especially vacancy formation and migration energies, using molecular statics calculations based on a spectral neighbor analysis potential specifically developed for Nb-Mo-Ta-W. We consider vacancy properties in bulk environments including the effect of short-range order (SRO) by preparing supercells through Metropolis Monte-Carlo relaxations, and temperature on the calculation. The nudged elastic band (NEB) method is applied to study vacancy migration energies. Our results show that both vacancy formation energies and vacancy migration energies are statistically distributed with a wide spread, on the order of 1.0 eV in some cases, and display a noticeable dependence on SRO. Moreover, the large spread in vacancy formation energies results in an asymmetric thermal sampling of the formation energy distribution towards lower values. This gives rise to effective vacancy formation energies that are noticeably lower than the distribution averages. We study the effect that this phenomenon has on the vacancy diffusivity in the alloy and discuss the implications of our findings on the structural features of Nb-Mo-Ta-W.In our study of SIA properties in Nb-Mo-Ta-W, it is found that the orientation to be the most common among all split configurations. Chemically, these SIA defects adopt a variety of structures involving all pairs of atoms, including --surprisingly-- a relatively high occurrence of octahedral SIA. In terms of their diffusivities, we find two clearly distinguished regimes at and below 600 K and above it, where the SIA diffusion changes dimensionality from 1D to 3D. We calculate the migration energies and diffusion pre-factors in both regions, from which we extract the translational and rotational components of the defect migration. We find values of 0.25 eV and pre-factors of ∼10−11 m2·s−1 in the low temperature regime, and 0.57 eV and ∼10−8 m2·s−1 in the high temperature one, and estimate the rotational energy barrier at 0.37 eV.Our simulations of screw dislocation kinetics indicate, in agreement with molecular dynamics simulations, that chemical energy fluctuations along the dislocation line lead to measurable concentrations of kinks in equilibrium in a wide temperature range. A fraction of these form cross-kink configurations, which are ultimately found to control screw dislocation motion and material strength. It is found that the self-pinning stress remains even at high temperatures due to the balance of two competing effects: strengthening due to higher concentrations of kinks on multiple glide planes, and softening associated with the thermal dissolution of cross-kinks.
일반주제명  
Materials science
일반주제명  
Computational chemistry
일반주제명  
Molecular chemistry
키워드  
Atomistic simulation
키워드  
Dislocation
키워드  
Kinetic Monte Carlo method
키워드  
Multi-element alloy
키워드  
Nb-Mo-Ta-W
키워드  
Point defect
기타저자  
University of California, Los Angeles Materials Science and Engineering 0328
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aZhou,  Xinran.
■24510▼aInvestigations  of  Point  Defect  Properties  and  Dislocation  Mechanisms  in  the  Equiatomic  Nb-Mo-Ta-W  Refractory  Alloy  by  Computational  Modeling  and  Simulations
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a99  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Marian,  Jaime.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Los  Angeles,  2024.
■520    ▼aRefractory  multi-element  alloys  (RMEA)  with  body-centered  cubic  (bcc)  structure  have  been  the  object  of  much  research  over  the  last  decade  due  to  their  high  potential  as  candidate  structural  materials  for  applications  in  harsh  environments  such  as  power  plants,  aerospace  industry,  or  nuclear  sectors.  However,  theories  are  yet  to  be  developed  to  fully  explain  their  exceptional  strength  at  elevated  temperatures,  as  well  as  to  either  verify  or  refute  whether  they  are  as  irradiation-tolerant  as  they  are  considered  to  be.  A  a  good  starting  point  to  dig  in  is  that  macroscopic  irradiation  behavior  of  the  alloys  is  known  to  connected  with  properties  at  atomic-level  through  the  roles  of  point  defects,  i.e.,  self-interstitial  atoms  (SIA)  and  vacancies.  As  for  high-temperature  strength,  it  is  hypothesized  that  global  chemical  fluctuations  in  these  complex  alloys  are  major  causes  of  strengthening  through  interactions  with  screw  dislocation  that  significantly  alter  dislocation  energetics  and  mechanisms  which  are  known  to  control  the  plasticity  of  classical  bcc  metals  and  dilute  alloys.Among  all  members  of  the  RMEA  family,  the  equiatomic  Nb-Mo-Ta-W  system  has  become  a  model  alloy  of  the  RMEA  group  due  to  its  phase  stability,  microstructural  simplicity,  and  mixture  of  elements  with  high  lattice  distortion,  making  it  an  ideal  experimental  and  computational  test  bed  to  study  fundamental  behavior.  Therefore,  to  explore  the  above  points  and  implement  the  modern  theories,  we  use  atomistic  simulations  to  study  the  properties  vacancies  as  well  as  self-interstitial  atoms  in  the  quaternary  equiatomic  Nb-Mo-Ta-W  refractory  alloy.  To  investigate  the  bcc  RMEA  plasticity,  we  develop  a  kinetic  Monte  Carlo  (kMC)  model  to  simulate  screw  dislocation  motion  in  RMEAs  and  perform  simulations  to  study  the  relationship  between  dislocation  mechanisms  and  alloy  strength  and  quantify  the  contribution  to  the  total  strength  due  to  screw  dislocation.In  our  investigation  of  vacancy  properties  in  Nb-Mo-Ta-W,  we  calculate  their  energetics  in  the  equiatomic  Nb-Mo-Ta-W  alloy,  especially  vacancy  formation  and  migration  energies,  using  molecular  statics  calculations  based  on  a  spectral  neighbor  analysis  potential  specifically  developed  for  Nb-Mo-Ta-W.  We  consider  vacancy  properties  in  bulk  environments  including  the  effect  of  short-range  order  (SRO)  by  preparing  supercells  through  Metropolis  Monte-Carlo  relaxations,  and  temperature  on  the  calculation.  The  nudged  elastic  band  (NEB)  method  is  applied  to  study  vacancy  migration  energies.  Our  results  show  that  both  vacancy  formation  energies  and  vacancy  migration  energies  are  statistically  distributed  with  a  wide  spread,  on  the  order  of  1.0  eV  in  some  cases,  and  display  a  noticeable  dependence  on  SRO.  Moreover,  the  large  spread  in  vacancy  formation  energies  results  in  an  asymmetric  thermal  sampling  of  the  formation  energy  distribution  towards  lower  values.  This  gives  rise  to  effective  vacancy  formation  energies  that  are  noticeably  lower  than  the  distribution  averages.  We  study  the  effect  that  this  phenomenon  has  on  the  vacancy  diffusivity  in  the  alloy  and  discuss  the  implications  of  our  findings  on  the  structural  features  of  Nb-Mo-Ta-W.In  our  study  of  SIA  properties  in  Nb-Mo-Ta-W,  it  is  found  that  the    orientation  to  be  the  most  common  among  all  split  configurations.  Chemically,  these  SIA  defects  adopt  a  variety  of  structures  involving  all  pairs  of  atoms,  including  --surprisingly--  a  relatively  high  occurrence  of  octahedral  SIA.  In  terms  of  their  diffusivities,  we  find  two  clearly  distinguished  regimes  at  and  below  600  K  and  above  it,  where  the  SIA  diffusion  changes  dimensionality  from  1D  to  3D.  We  calculate  the  migration  energies  and  diffusion  pre-factors  in  both  regions,  from  which  we  extract  the  translational  and  rotational  components  of  the  defect  migration.  We  find  values  of  0.25  eV  and  pre-factors  of  ∼10−11  m2·s−1  in  the  low  temperature  regime,  and  0.57  eV  and  ∼10−8  m2·s−1  in  the  high  temperature  one,  and  estimate  the  rotational  energy  barrier  at  0.37  eV.Our  simulations  of  screw  dislocation  kinetics  indicate,  in  agreement  with  molecular  dynamics  simulations,  that  chemical  energy  fluctuations  along  the  dislocation  line  lead  to  measurable  concentrations  of  kinks  in  equilibrium  in  a  wide  temperature  range.  A  fraction  of  these  form  cross-kink  configurations,  which  are  ultimately  found  to  control  screw  dislocation  motion  and  material  strength.  It  is  found  that  the  self-pinning  stress  remains  even  at  high  temperatures  due  to  the  balance  of  two  competing  effects:  strengthening  due  to  higher  concentrations  of  kinks  on  multiple  glide  planes,  and  softening  associated  with  the  thermal  dissolution  of  cross-kinks.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0031.
■650  4▼aMaterials  science
■650  4▼aComputational  chemistry
■650  4▼aMolecular  chemistry
■653    ▼aAtomistic  simulation
■653    ▼aDislocation
■653    ▼aKinetic  Monte  Carlo  method
■653    ▼aMulti-element  alloy
■653    ▼aNb-Mo-Ta-W
■653    ▼aPoint  defect
■690    ▼a0794
■690    ▼a0431
■690    ▼a0219
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼bMaterials  Science  and  Engineering  0328.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11B.
■790    ▼a0031
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160336▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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