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Seryl-tRNA Synthetase in Translation and Cancer Inhibition
Seryl-tRNA Synthetase in Translation and Cancer Inhibition
Seryl-tRNA Synthetase in Translation and Cancer Inhibition

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151000
ISBN  
9798381972825
DDC  
574
저자명  
Wang, Justin.
서명/저자  
Seryl-tRNA Synthetase in Translation and Cancer Inhibition
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Scripps Research Institute, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
234 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-09, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Yang, Xiang-Lei.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Scripps Research Institute, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are essential gatekeepers of protein synthesis because of their conserved catalytic function of charging tRNAs with amino acids. The synthetases allowed direct translation of RNA code into protein, which enabled organisms to begin building complex cellular systems. While this catalytic function has stayed relatively constant, other aspects of the synthetases have changed dramatically throughout evolution. As life expanded into higher orders of organization, the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have changed by restructuring or adding new domains, many of which are dispensable for charging activity. These domains greatly diversified the interactomes of the synthetases beyond their usual ligands and interaction partners by providing surfaces for various other biomolecules to bind. Why? Two factors are the extreme selective pressure to maintain conditions for adequate protein synthesis and the ability of syntheses to sense energy (ATP), nutrient levels (amino acids), and translational state (tRNAs). tRNA synthetase research continually uncovers novel biological pathways and reveals how organisms adapted their proteomes to accommodate complexity. Here we demonstrate that seryl-tRNA synthetase cooperates with selenocysteine incorporation machinery to enable translational readthrough of stop codons on specific mRNAs to produce extended isoforms. The synthetases have repeatedly been linked to disease, including cancer, due to their prominence in homeostatic regulatory pathways. We demonstrate that each tRNA synthetase is unique, with individual expression profiles in cancer and unique profiles that resemble either tumor suppressors or oncogenes. We directly tested the effect of seryl-tRNA synthetase on cancer growth and metastasis, and we uncovered an inhibitory effect of the protein on both, potentially stemming from inhibitory effects on Wnt signaling. We also found evidence that SerRS influences cell migration and adhesion potentially through interactions with E-cadherin/catenin complexes.
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
키워드  
Beta-catenin
키워드  
Cancer metastasis
키워드  
E-cadherin
키워드  
Seryl-tRNA synthetase
키워드  
Translational readthrough
키워드  
Wnt signaling
기타저자  
The Scripps Research Institute Molecular Medicine
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-09B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30993860
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574
■1001  ▼aWang,  Justin.
■24510▼aSeryl-tRNA  Synthetase  in  Translation  and  Cancer  Inhibition
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Scripps  Research  Institute▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a234  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-09,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Yang,  Xiang-Lei.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Scripps  Research  Institute,  2024.
■520    ▼aAminoacyl-tRNA  synthetases  are  essential  gatekeepers  of  protein  synthesis  because  of  their  conserved  catalytic  function  of  charging  tRNAs  with  amino  acids.  The  synthetases  allowed  direct  translation  of  RNA  code  into  protein,  which  enabled  organisms  to  begin  building  complex  cellular  systems.  While  this  catalytic  function  has  stayed  relatively  constant,  other  aspects  of  the  synthetases  have  changed  dramatically  throughout  evolution.  As  life  expanded  into  higher  orders  of  organization,  the  aminoacyl-tRNA  synthetases  have  changed  by  restructuring  or  adding  new  domains,  many  of  which  are  dispensable  for  charging  activity.  These  domains  greatly  diversified  the  interactomes  of  the  synthetases  beyond  their  usual  ligands  and  interaction  partners  by  providing  surfaces  for  various  other  biomolecules  to  bind.  Why?  Two  factors  are  the  extreme  selective  pressure  to  maintain  conditions  for  adequate  protein  synthesis  and  the  ability  of  syntheses  to  sense  energy  (ATP),  nutrient  levels  (amino  acids),  and  translational  state  (tRNAs).  tRNA  synthetase  research  continually  uncovers  novel  biological  pathways  and  reveals  how  organisms  adapted  their  proteomes  to  accommodate  complexity.  Here  we  demonstrate  that  seryl-tRNA  synthetase  cooperates  with  selenocysteine  incorporation  machinery  to  enable  translational  readthrough  of  stop  codons  on  specific  mRNAs  to  produce  extended  isoforms.  The  synthetases  have  repeatedly  been  linked  to  disease,  including  cancer,  due  to  their  prominence  in  homeostatic  regulatory  pathways.  We  demonstrate  that  each  tRNA  synthetase  is  unique,  with  individual  expression  profiles  in  cancer  and  unique  profiles  that  resemble  either  tumor  suppressors  or  oncogenes.  We  directly  tested  the  effect  of  seryl-tRNA  synthetase  on  cancer  growth  and  metastasis,  and  we  uncovered  an  inhibitory  effect  of  the  protein  on  both,  potentially  stemming  from  inhibitory  effects  on  Wnt  signaling.  We  also  found  evidence  that  SerRS  influences  cell  migration  and  adhesion  potentially  through  interactions  with  E-cadherin/catenin  complexes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  1179.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■653    ▼aBeta-catenin
■653    ▼aCancer  metastasis
■653    ▼aE-cadherin
■653    ▼aSeryl-tRNA  synthetase
■653    ▼aTranslational  readthrough
■653    ▼aWnt  signaling
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0487
■71020▼aThe  Scripps  Research  Institute▼bMolecular  Medicine.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-09B.
■790    ▼a1179
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160339▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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