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Essays on the Role of Housing in Household Finance and Its Macroeconomic Consequences
Essays on the Role of Housing in Household Finance and Its Macroeconomic Consequences
Essays on the Role of Housing in Household Finance and Its Macroeconomic Consequences

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151939
ISBN  
9798382764948
DDC  
658
저자명  
Bojeryd, Jesper.
서명/저자  
Essays on the Role of Housing in Household Finance and Its Macroeconomic Consequences
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
192 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Ohanian, Lee.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation comprises three chapters that explore the role housing plays in household decision-making and its macroeconomic implications, aiming to improve our understanding of how macroeconomic shocks are amplified or muted due to financial frictions and the special properties of housing through the household side of the economy.The first chapter investigates how households adjust their car spending in response to a housing wealth shock. Utilizing detailed Swedish administrative data, my co-authors and I study the economic consequences of the unexpected decision to continue operating Bromma Airport in Stockholm, Sweden, in 2007. The airport's continuation changed perceptions of housing values in areas exposed to its negative externalities, such as noise and accident risk, causing persistent and heterogeneous changes in housing wealth across households. By using transaction data on homes across differently exposed neighborhoods, we estimated household-level housing wealth losses. We also observe car purchases for all households and can match car purchases to housing wealth losses and other household characteristics which allows us to quantify the effect on car spending in a difference-in-difference setting. The key finding is that households exhibit a muted response in car purchases compared to prior studies. Using loan-level data, we show that the effect is concentrated among homeowners who rely more on mortgage borrowing to finance car purchases; as home prices unexpectedly change, their borrowing ability is impacted, suggesting a significant role for the collateral channel. By exploiting other dimensions of household heterogeneity, we also conclude that the pure wealth effect is weak.The second chapter addresses the puzzle of low migration rates from areas experiencing economic decline. Focusing on the labor-market area around Stavanger, Norway, following the 2014 global oil price drop, I empirically document that diminishing home values are associated with homeowners reducing their probability to leave, while renters and homeowners with the least housing wealth exhibit an increase in their leaving probabilities. On net, the out-migration response is economically insignificant while the in-migration response exhibits a strong reduction-the net-migration falls because people stop moving to Stavanger. A life-cycle model with location, housing, and saving decisions explains these results: The reduction in home prices decreases the affordability of housing in potential destinations, thus making migration less attractive-a "housing wealth effect." This finding challenges the prevailing notion that cheaper local housing encourages workers to stay-i.e., benefits stayers-and instead suggests that falling home values act as a barrier to mobility. From a general equilibrium perspective, prices have to fall to clear the housing market. As prices fall, it becomes less attractive for homeowners to move. Potential immigrants are deterred by the fall in potential earnings, and current homeowners end up holding the stock of housing. While effective policy transfers welfare from those impacted by shocks, a policy experiment with moving vouchers shows that the beneficiaries are largely renters, who are already compensated by cheaper rents but still act as if they face lower moving costs.The third chapter complements the analysis of the first, using the same empirical setting as Chapter 2 but narrowing the sample to government workers who did not suffer differently from the oil shock as a function of their location. However, changes in home prices accompanying the oil shock differed greatly depending on the location's exposure to the petroleum sector. Using Norwegian administrative data matched to high-frequency digital payment data, we document the dynamic response of expenditures by various goods and services as functions of lost housing wealth at the household level. The analysis provides a more detailed understanding of housing wealth shocks' spending dynamics and heterogeneity than previous work. We find that overall spending is affected less than in previous work, with a marginal propensity for expenditures close to 0.02 kroner per krone housing wealth change. Vehicles and furnishings-durable goods often financed using credit and whose purchases can be postponed-respond more strongly, while food and beverages do not change when contrasting between government workers in Stavanger versus the rest of Norway. We also find that more indebted households and those with less liquid assets respond about twice as strongly than the average. Our findings indicate that the potential spillovers of reduced consumption due to home price shocks can be limited due to the nature of goods more affected, and that the distribution of debt in the economy matters for the aggregate effect.Collectively, these essays contribute to the fields of household finance and macroeconomics by leveraging comprehensive Scandinavian administrative data and quasi-experiments, offering insights that add to previous studies. The findings underscore the complexity of housing wealth effects on consumption and migration, with policy implications for addressing economic decline and household financial stability.
일반주제명  
Finance
키워드  
Consumption
키워드  
Household finance
키워드  
Housing
키워드  
Macroeconomics
키워드  
Migration
기타저자  
University of California, Los Angeles Economics 0246
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31301901
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a658
■1001  ▼aBojeryd,  Jesper.
■24510▼aEssays  on  the  Role  of  Housing  in  Household  Finance  and  Its  Macroeconomic  Consequences
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a192  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Ohanian,  Lee.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Los  Angeles,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  comprises  three  chapters  that  explore  the  role  housing  plays  in  household  decision-making  and  its  macroeconomic  implications,  aiming  to  improve  our  understanding  of  how  macroeconomic  shocks  are  amplified  or  muted  due  to  financial  frictions  and  the  special  properties  of  housing  through  the  household  side  of  the  economy.The  first  chapter  investigates  how  households  adjust  their  car  spending  in  response  to  a  housing  wealth  shock.  Utilizing  detailed  Swedish  administrative  data,  my  co-authors  and  I  study  the  economic  consequences  of  the  unexpected  decision  to  continue  operating  Bromma  Airport  in  Stockholm,  Sweden,  in  2007.  The  airport's  continuation  changed  perceptions  of  housing  values  in  areas  exposed  to  its  negative  externalities,  such  as  noise  and  accident  risk,  causing  persistent  and  heterogeneous  changes  in  housing  wealth  across  households.  By  using  transaction  data  on  homes  across  differently  exposed  neighborhoods,  we  estimated  household-level  housing  wealth  losses.  We  also  observe  car  purchases  for  all  households  and  can  match  car  purchases  to  housing  wealth  losses  and  other  household  characteristics  which  allows  us  to  quantify  the  effect  on  car  spending  in  a  difference-in-difference  setting.  The  key  finding  is  that  households  exhibit  a  muted  response  in  car  purchases  compared  to  prior  studies.  Using  loan-level  data,  we  show  that  the  effect  is  concentrated  among  homeowners  who  rely  more  on  mortgage  borrowing  to  finance  car  purchases;  as  home  prices  unexpectedly  change,  their  borrowing  ability  is  impacted,  suggesting  a  significant  role  for  the  collateral  channel.  By  exploiting  other  dimensions  of  household  heterogeneity,  we  also  conclude  that  the  pure  wealth  effect  is  weak.The  second  chapter  addresses  the  puzzle  of  low  migration  rates  from  areas  experiencing  economic  decline.  Focusing  on  the  labor-market  area  around  Stavanger,  Norway,  following  the  2014  global  oil  price  drop,  I  empirically  document  that  diminishing  home  values  are  associated  with  homeowners  reducing  their  probability  to  leave,  while  renters  and  homeowners  with  the  least  housing  wealth  exhibit  an  increase  in  their  leaving  probabilities.  On  net,  the  out-migration  response  is  economically  insignificant  while  the  in-migration  response  exhibits  a  strong  reduction-the  net-migration  falls  because  people  stop  moving  to  Stavanger.  A  life-cycle  model  with  location,  housing,  and  saving  decisions  explains  these  results:  The  reduction  in  home  prices  decreases  the  affordability  of  housing  in  potential  destinations,  thus  making  migration  less  attractive-a  "housing  wealth  effect."  This  finding  challenges  the  prevailing  notion  that  cheaper  local  housing  encourages  workers  to  stay-i.e.,  benefits  stayers-and  instead  suggests  that  falling  home  values  act  as  a  barrier  to  mobility.  From  a  general  equilibrium  perspective,  prices  have  to  fall  to  clear  the  housing  market.  As  prices  fall,  it  becomes  less  attractive  for  homeowners  to  move.  Potential  immigrants  are  deterred  by  the  fall  in  potential  earnings,  and  current  homeowners  end  up  holding  the  stock  of  housing.  While  effective  policy  transfers  welfare  from  those  impacted  by  shocks,  a  policy  experiment  with  moving  vouchers  shows  that  the  beneficiaries  are  largely  renters,  who  are  already  compensated  by  cheaper  rents  but  still  act  as  if  they  face  lower  moving  costs.The  third  chapter  complements  the  analysis  of  the  first,  using  the  same  empirical  setting  as  Chapter  2  but  narrowing  the  sample  to  government  workers  who  did  not  suffer  differently  from  the  oil  shock  as  a  function  of  their  location.  However,  changes  in  home  prices  accompanying  the  oil  shock  differed  greatly  depending  on  the  location's  exposure  to  the  petroleum  sector.  Using  Norwegian  administrative  data  matched  to  high-frequency  digital  payment  data,  we  document  the  dynamic  response  of  expenditures  by  various  goods  and  services  as  functions  of  lost  housing  wealth  at  the  household  level.  The  analysis  provides  a  more  detailed  understanding  of  housing  wealth  shocks'  spending  dynamics  and  heterogeneity  than  previous  work.  We  find  that  overall  spending  is  affected  less  than  in  previous  work,  with  a  marginal  propensity  for  expenditures  close  to  0.02  kroner  per  krone  housing  wealth  change.  Vehicles  and  furnishings-durable  goods  often  financed  using  credit  and  whose  purchases  can  be  postponed-respond  more  strongly,  while  food  and  beverages  do  not  change  when  contrasting  between  government  workers  in  Stavanger  versus  the  rest  of  Norway.  We  also  find  that  more  indebted  households  and  those  with  less  liquid  assets  respond  about  twice  as  strongly  than  the  average.  Our  findings  indicate  that  the  potential  spillovers  of  reduced  consumption  due  to  home  price  shocks  can  be  limited  due  to  the  nature  of  goods  more  affected,  and  that  the  distribution  of  debt  in  the  economy  matters  for  the  aggregate  effect.Collectively,  these  essays  contribute  to  the  fields  of  household  finance  and  macroeconomics  by  leveraging  comprehensive  Scandinavian  administrative  data  and  quasi-experiments,  offering  insights  that  add  to  previous  studies.  The  findings  underscore  the  complexity  of  housing  wealth  effects  on  consumption  and  migration,  with  policy  implications  for  addressing  economic  decline  and  household  financial  stability.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0031.
■650  4▼aFinance
■653    ▼aConsumption
■653    ▼aHousehold  finance
■653    ▼aHousing
■653    ▼aMacroeconomics
■653    ▼aMigration
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0508
■690    ▼a0510
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼bEconomics  0246.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11A.
■790    ▼a0031
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162153▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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