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Adipose Tissue and Translation Machinery in Metabolic Regulation
Adipose Tissue and Translation Machinery in Metabolic Regulation
Adipose Tissue and Translation Machinery in Metabolic Regulation

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151946
ISBN  
9798382785882
DDC  
612
저자명  
De Siqueira, Mirian Krystel.
서명/저자  
Adipose Tissue and Translation Machinery in Metabolic Regulation
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Los Angeles, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
221 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Villanueva, Claudio Javier.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in energy homeostasis and metabolic regulation. However, in obesity, the remarkable adaptability of adipose tissue becomes impaired. The underlying mechanisms behind this limited adaptability remain poorly understood. Here, we initially discuss on chapter one an overview about adipose tissue plasticity in health and disease. Then, we investigate a novel layer of regulation involving translation in the adipose tissue, examining its response to obesity and acute PPARγ agonist treatment with rosiglitazone. First, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we establish a transcriptional profile atlas of stromal cellular remodeling from obese to lean-like states in inguinal and epididymal adipose tissue following rosiglitazone treatment. Notably, both stromal fractions exhibit a downregulation of inflammation-related transcripts and an upregulation of lipid-related metabolism and ribosomal transcripts. Adipocyte progenitor and preadipocyte populations display enhanced ex-vivo differentiation potential and upregulation in ribosome and peptide chain elongation pathways. This ribosomal remodeling is directly driven by PPARγ binding to gene promoters of ribosomal factors. Furthermore, we have characterized the translatome in the epididymal stromal fraction, highlighting a buffering response and fat-exclusive preferential translation after rosiglitazone treatment. Enhanced translation efficiency in rosiglitazone-elicited polysomes promotes the translation of transcripts containing G-rich sequences in their 5' untranslated regions. Our findings shed light and provide a resource on how rosiglitazone remodels the adipose stromal vascular fraction, both dependent and independent of PPARγ. Importantly, we uncover translatome remodeling as a major new mechanism for maintaining translation homeostasis and preserving adipose tissue health in obesity.Second, we focused on the mature adipocytes, and how rosiglitazone modulates their translation machinery. Transcriptional analysis of brown and white adipose tissue after thiazolidinedione treatment has shown translation as a highly upregulated process. Therefore, we hypothesized that thiazolidinediones may have an uncharacterized mechanism of action by enhancing translation efficiency in adipocytes. A mechanism that may be mediated by specific induced proteins such as PIXL. Our laboratory has identified a largely uncharacterized PPARγ - responsive, X-linked gene, PIXL that is primarily expressed in the cytoplasm. Notably, PIXL and PPARγ expression is reduced in ob/ob mice and with high-fat feeding, results that are consistent with impaired expansion of adipose tissue. Our in vivo studies demonstrated that PIXL loss-of-function in mature adipocytes leads to a dysfunctional tissue characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy, impaired glucose metabolism, inflammation, hypertriglyceridemia, enhanced cold sensitivity, and decreased energy expenditure. Mechanistically, immunoprecipitation studies have uncovered PIXL interactome, highlighting the close association with eukaryotic initiation factors, ribonucleoprotein complexes, and 40S ribosomal proteins. Indeed, co-immunoprecipitation studies have demonstrated that PIXL associated with the eIF4E complex. Additionally, polysome profiling have shown PIXL at protein levels associated with initiation factors and subunits of ribosomes. Taken together, we propose that PPARγ induces the expression of PIXL, which in turn may be an important factor regulating translational control and directing the translation of defined mRNA networks. Finally, we propose a novel layer of molecular regulation of thiazolidinediones by targeting translation efficiency and adipocyte proteostasis - a process that may be impaired during obesity and restored after treatment with rosiglitazone.
일반주제명  
Physiology
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Medicine
일반주제명  
Genetics
키워드  
Adipose tissue
키워드  
Metabolism
키워드  
Obesity
키워드  
Translation efficiency
기타저자  
University of California, Los Angeles Molec Cell & Integ Physiology 0568
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aDe  Siqueira,  Mirian  Krystel.
■24510▼aAdipose  Tissue  and  Translation  Machinery  in  Metabolic  Regulation
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a221  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Villanueva,  Claudio  Javier.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Los  Angeles,  2024.
■520    ▼aAdipose  tissue  plays  a  pivotal  role  in  energy  homeostasis  and  metabolic  regulation.  However,  in  obesity,  the  remarkable  adaptability  of  adipose  tissue  becomes  impaired.  The  underlying  mechanisms  behind  this  limited  adaptability  remain  poorly  understood.  Here,  we  initially  discuss  on  chapter  one  an  overview  about  adipose  tissue  plasticity  in  health  and  disease.  Then,  we  investigate  a  novel  layer  of  regulation  involving  translation  in  the  adipose  tissue,  examining  its  response  to  obesity  and  acute  PPARγ  agonist  treatment  with  rosiglitazone.  First,  using  single-cell  RNA  sequencing,  we  establish  a  transcriptional  profile  atlas  of  stromal  cellular  remodeling  from  obese  to  lean-like  states  in  inguinal  and  epididymal  adipose  tissue  following  rosiglitazone  treatment.  Notably,  both  stromal  fractions  exhibit  a  downregulation  of  inflammation-related  transcripts  and  an  upregulation  of  lipid-related  metabolism  and  ribosomal  transcripts.  Adipocyte  progenitor  and  preadipocyte  populations  display  enhanced  ex-vivo  differentiation  potential  and  upregulation  in  ribosome  and  peptide  chain  elongation  pathways.  This  ribosomal remodeling  is  directly  driven  by  PPARγ  binding  to  gene  promoters  of  ribosomal  factors.  Furthermore,  we  have  characterized  the  translatome  in  the  epididymal  stromal  fraction,  highlighting  a  buffering  response  and  fat-exclusive  preferential  translation  after  rosiglitazone  treatment.  Enhanced  translation  efficiency  in  rosiglitazone-elicited  polysomes  promotes  the  translation  of  transcripts  containing  G-rich  sequences  in  their  5'  untranslated  regions.  Our  findings  shed  light  and  provide  a  resource  on  how  rosiglitazone  remodels  the  adipose  stromal  vascular  fraction,  both  dependent  and  independent  of  PPARγ.  Importantly,  we  uncover  translatome  remodeling  as  a  major  new  mechanism  for  maintaining  translation  homeostasis  and  preserving  adipose  tissue  health  in  obesity.Second,  we  focused  on  the  mature  adipocytes,  and  how  rosiglitazone  modulates  their  translation  machinery.  Transcriptional  analysis  of  brown  and  white  adipose  tissue  after  thiazolidinedione  treatment  has  shown  translation  as  a  highly  upregulated  process.  Therefore,  we  hypothesized  that  thiazolidinediones  may  have  an  uncharacterized  mechanism  of  action  by  enhancing  translation  efficiency  in  adipocytes.  A  mechanism  that  may  be  mediated  by  specific  induced  proteins  such  as  PIXL.  Our  laboratory  has  identified  a  largely  uncharacterized  PPARγ  -  responsive,  X-linked  gene,  PIXL  that  is  primarily  expressed  in  the  cytoplasm.  Notably,  PIXL  and  PPARγ  expression  is  reduced  in  ob/ob  mice  and  with  high-fat  feeding,  results  that  are  consistent  with  impaired  expansion  of  adipose  tissue.  Our  in  vivo  studies  demonstrated  that  PIXL  loss-of-function  in  mature  adipocytes  leads  to  a  dysfunctional  tissue  characterized  by  adipocyte  hypertrophy,  impaired  glucose  metabolism,  inflammation,  hypertriglyceridemia,  enhanced  cold  sensitivity,  and  decreased  energy  expenditure.  Mechanistically,  immunoprecipitation  studies  have  uncovered  PIXL  interactome,  highlighting  the  close  association  with  eukaryotic  initiation  factors,  ribonucleoprotein  complexes,  and  40S  ribosomal  proteins.  Indeed,  co-immunoprecipitation  studies  have  demonstrated  that  PIXL  associated  with  the  eIF4E  complex.  Additionally,  polysome  profiling  have  shown  PIXL  at  protein  levels  associated  with  initiation  factors  and  subunits  of  ribosomes.  Taken  together,  we  propose  that  PPARγ  induces  the  expression  of  PIXL,  which  in  turn  may  be  an  important  factor  regulating  translational  control  and  directing  the  translation  of  defined  mRNA  networks.  Finally,  we  propose  a  novel  layer  of  molecular  regulation  of  thiazolidinediones  by  targeting  translation  efficiency  and  adipocyte  proteostasis  -  a  process  that  may  be  impaired  during  obesity  and  restored  after  treatment  with  rosiglitazone. 
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0031.
■650  4▼aPhysiology
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aMedicine
■650  4▼aGenetics
■653    ▼aAdipose  tissue
■653    ▼aMetabolism
■653    ▼aObesity
■653    ▼aTranslation  efficiency
■690    ▼a0719
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0564
■690    ▼a0306
■690    ▼a0369
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Los  Angeles▼bMolec,  Cell,  &  Integ  Physiology  0568.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0031
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162212▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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