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Mathematical Modeling and Data-Driven Analysis of Embryo Development
Mathematical Modeling and Data-Driven Analysis of Embryo Development
Mathematical Modeling and Data-Driven Analysis of Embryo Development

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153121
ISBN  
9798346849537
DDC  
530
저자명  
Zhu, Hongkang.
서명/저자  
Mathematical Modeling and Data-Driven Analysis of Embryo Development
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
134 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: O'Shaughnessy, Ben.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Embryo development is a highly coordinated process where genetic regulation and mechanical forces interplay to drive the transformation of a single cell into a complex, multicellular organism. It involves many fundamental processes such as cell division, cell differentiation, and morphogenesis. Morphogenesis, the shape changes of tissue, results from collective cell movement, growth, proliferation, and shape changes, guided by genetic and mechanical cues. Despite the comprehensive data obtained from experimental measurements and advanced imaging, the physical mechanisms underlying morphogenesis are poorly understood, a quantitative cell shape pattern that describes morphogenesis has yet to be discovered, and the coupling between cytoskeleton that generates stress and shape changes has not been quantitatively demonstrated.To address these unsolved questions, we utilized a powerful combination of first-principles modeling and empirical, data-driven approaches. Chapter 1 presents our mathematical model of Drosophila ventral furrow formation, which incorporates actomyosin contractile stress and viscous tissue responses. With all model parameters fitted from experiment, our model quantitatively explained numerous experimental observations in wild-type and genetically perturbed embryos, which were not fully explained by other models assuming elastic tissue responses. Our model revealed that the tissue-scale contraction in ventral furrow formation is driven by the curvature of the multicellular myosin profile. We also demonstrated that the pulsatile time-dependence of myosin acts as a protective mechanism for tissue contraction, suppressing cell-to-cell myosin fluctuations through a low-pass filter effect. This is crucial because tissue contraction is highly sensitive to even small myosin fluctuations, which would otherwise lead to significant inhomogeneous contractions.Chapter 2 details our data-driven approach to studying Drosophila ventral furrow formation, utilizing time-lapse 3D data from light sheet microscopy. We developed computational algorithms to systematically parameterize over 28,000 cell shapes, designed interpretable cell shape features, and employed unsupervised learning to classify cell shape evolution trajectories. By mapping these classes onto the embryo, we extracted the first quantitative cell shape pattern in the Drosophila embryo. This pattern unveiled key physical mechanisms underlying embryo development, including how mechanical stresses propagate, how cell packing is influenced by embryo curvature, and the stochastic nature of apical constriction during tissue contraction.Chapter 3 explores the coupling between actomyosin density and shape changes. We developed a mathematical model of the actomyosin cortex, using partial differential equations to describe the evolution of actomyosin density on a deformable surface, which is represented through differential geometry. Our model revealed that although under physiological conditions, the cell cortex is observed to maintain a homogeneous density and shape, this stability is challenged by two factors: increased cortical tension, which is mechanical in nature, and an elongated aspect ratio, which is a geometric feature. Higher cortical tension disrupts this homogeneity, leading to patterned actomyosin density and multiply furrowed shape. In contrast, an elongated aspect ratio drives constriction through a mechanism we named active Rayleigh instability, a modified form of the Plateau-Rayleigh instability. Furthermore, friction plays a crucial role in protecting the homogeneous state by preserving a large region of homogeneity in the state diagram of the cortex. When friction is reduced, this homogeneous region shrinks significantly, making the cortex more vulnerable to destabilization caused by increased tension and an elongated aspect ratio.
일반주제명  
Computational physics
일반주제명  
Developmental biology
일반주제명  
Computer science
키워드  
Computational biophysics
키워드  
Mathematical modeling
키워드  
Mechanical forces
키워드  
Embryo development
키워드  
Drosophila
기타저자  
Columbia University Chemical Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-06B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aZhu,  Hongkang.
■24510▼aMathematical  Modeling  and  Data-Driven  Analysis  of  Embryo  Development
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a134  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  O'Shaughnessy,  Ben.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aEmbryo  development  is  a  highly  coordinated  process  where  genetic  regulation  and  mechanical  forces  interplay  to  drive  the  transformation  of  a  single  cell  into  a  complex,  multicellular  organism.  It  involves  many  fundamental  processes  such  as  cell  division,  cell  differentiation,  and  morphogenesis.  Morphogenesis,  the  shape  changes  of  tissue,  results  from  collective  cell  movement,  growth,  proliferation,  and  shape  changes,  guided  by  genetic  and  mechanical  cues.  Despite  the  comprehensive  data  obtained  from  experimental  measurements  and  advanced  imaging,  the  physical  mechanisms  underlying  morphogenesis  are  poorly  understood,  a  quantitative  cell  shape  pattern  that  describes  morphogenesis  has  yet  to  be  discovered,  and  the  coupling  between  cytoskeleton  that  generates  stress  and  shape  changes  has  not  been  quantitatively  demonstrated.To  address  these  unsolved  questions,  we  utilized  a  powerful  combination  of  first-principles  modeling  and  empirical,  data-driven  approaches.  Chapter  1  presents  our  mathematical  model  of  Drosophila  ventral  furrow  formation,  which  incorporates  actomyosin  contractile  stress  and  viscous  tissue  responses.  With  all  model  parameters  fitted  from  experiment,  our  model  quantitatively  explained  numerous  experimental  observations  in  wild-type  and  genetically  perturbed  embryos,  which  were  not  fully  explained  by  other  models  assuming  elastic  tissue  responses.  Our  model  revealed  that  the  tissue-scale  contraction  in  ventral  furrow  formation  is  driven  by  the  curvature  of  the  multicellular  myosin  profile.  We  also  demonstrated  that  the  pulsatile  time-dependence  of  myosin  acts  as  a  protective  mechanism  for  tissue  contraction,  suppressing  cell-to-cell  myosin  fluctuations  through  a  low-pass  filter  effect.  This  is  crucial  because  tissue  contraction  is  highly  sensitive  to  even  small  myosin  fluctuations,  which  would  otherwise  lead  to  significant  inhomogeneous  contractions.Chapter  2  details  our  data-driven  approach  to  studying  Drosophila  ventral  furrow  formation,  utilizing  time-lapse  3D  data  from  light  sheet  microscopy.  We  developed  computational  algorithms  to  systematically  parameterize  over  28,000  cell  shapes,  designed  interpretable  cell  shape  features,  and  employed  unsupervised  learning  to  classify  cell  shape  evolution  trajectories.  By  mapping  these  classes  onto  the  embryo,  we  extracted  the  first  quantitative  cell  shape  pattern  in  the  Drosophila  embryo.  This  pattern  unveiled  key  physical  mechanisms  underlying  embryo  development,  including  how  mechanical  stresses  propagate,  how  cell  packing  is  influenced  by  embryo  curvature,  and  the  stochastic  nature  of  apical  constriction  during  tissue  contraction.Chapter  3  explores  the  coupling  between  actomyosin  density  and  shape  changes.  We  developed  a  mathematical  model  of  the  actomyosin  cortex,  using  partial  differential  equations  to  describe  the  evolution  of  actomyosin  density  on  a  deformable  surface,  which  is  represented  through  differential  geometry.  Our  model  revealed  that  although  under  physiological  conditions,  the  cell  cortex  is  observed  to  maintain  a  homogeneous  density  and  shape,  this  stability  is  challenged  by  two  factors:  increased  cortical  tension,  which  is  mechanical  in  nature,  and  an  elongated  aspect  ratio,  which  is  a  geometric  feature.  Higher  cortical  tension  disrupts  this  homogeneity,  leading  to  patterned  actomyosin  density  and  multiply  furrowed  shape.  In  contrast,  an  elongated  aspect  ratio  drives  constriction  through  a  mechanism  we  named  active  Rayleigh  instability,  a  modified  form  of  the  Plateau-Rayleigh  instability.  Furthermore,  friction  plays  a  crucial  role  in  protecting  the  homogeneous  state  by  preserving  a  large  region  of  homogeneity  in  the  state  diagram  of  the  cortex.  When  friction  is  reduced,  this  homogeneous  region  shrinks  significantly,  making  the  cortex  more  vulnerable  to  destabilization  caused  by  increased  tension  and  an  elongated  aspect  ratio.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aComputational  physics
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  biology
■650  4▼aComputer  science
■653    ▼aComputational  biophysics
■653    ▼aMathematical  modeling
■653    ▼aMechanical  forces
■653    ▼aEmbryo  development
■653    ▼aDrosophila
■690    ▼a0216
■690    ▼a0758
■690    ▼a0984
■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bChemical  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-06B.
■790    ▼a0054
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17165082▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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