본문

서브메뉴

Design, Testing, and Evaluation of Automated Vehicle Control Systems in Transportation
Design, Testing, and Evaluation of Automated Vehicle Control Systems in Transportation
Design, Testing, and Evaluation of Automated Vehicle Control Systems in Transportation

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153128
ISBN  
9798346873976
DDC  
385
저자명  
Ma, Ke.
서명/저자  
Design, Testing, and Evaluation of Automated Vehicle Control Systems in Transportation
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
146 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Includes supplementary digital materials.
주기사항  
Advisor: Li, Xiaopeng Shaw.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Automated vehicles (AVs) hold the promise of transforming transportation systems by enhancing safety, mobility, stability, and sustainability. However, current research often falls short of fully capturing the unique characteristics of AV behaviors, particularly in car-following scenarios. Existing models predominantly focus on human-driven vehicles (HVs) and fail to account for the specific control mechanisms and hardware constraints inherent in AVs. This dissertation aims to bridge these gaps by developing a comprehensive framework that includes a uniform trajectory dataset, standardized evaluation metrics, and a unified dynamics structure tailored for AVs.The research is guided by four primary goals: developing a comprehensive and uniform AV trajectory dataset; assessing current commercial AV behaviors using standardized metrics; developing a unified dynamics structure for AV models and controllers; and designing and optimizing improved controllers within the established dynamics structure. To achieve these goals, a large-scale empirical dataset was compiled from 30 AVs across multiple automakers, capturing a wide range of driving scenarios and conditions while considering variability in hardware, models, test sites, and experimental settings.Standardized evaluation metrics focusing on safety, mobility, stability, and sustainability were established, enabling consistent assessment across different studies and applications. Analysis of the dataset revealed that current commercial AVs exhibit certain limitations, such as instability under specific conditions, highlighting the need for improved control strategies.To address the limitations of human-based car-following models, a three-stage unified dynamics structure was developed, accurately modeling AV dynamics and controllers by accounting for AV-specific control mechanisms and hardware constraints. The proposed structure integrates time delays due to sensor detection, data processing, and actuator response, and accommodates both linear and nonlinear controllers. This framework captures the uniform and predictable nature of AV control mechanisms.Within this dynamics structure, both linear and nonlinear car-following models were developed and calibrated using the empirical dataset. An optimization methodology was introduced to identify optimal parameters that maximize mobility while ensuring stability constraints are satisfied. The research methodology involved calibrating the car-following models based on the empirical data, identifying response delays for each AV, and performing stability analysis. For linear models, the system's transfer function was derived, and stability conditions were determined by analyzing the poles of the transfer function. For nonlinear models, local stability was assessed by linearizing the system around equilibrium points and examining the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix.Optimization problems were formulated to maximize mobility, such as minimizing average headway, while satisfying the derived stability constraints. Constrained optimization algorithms, including Sequential Quadratic Programming for linear models and Genetic Algorithms for nonlinear models, were employed to solve these problems. The optimized controllers demonstrated improved performance in simulations, achieving a better trade-off between mobility and stability compared to existing commercial models.Key findings of the dissertation include the importance of incorporating time delays in accurately modeling AV behaviors. Including feedback delays (sensor detection and data processing) and parasitic lags (actuator response times) significantly improved the accuracy of the car-following models. While both linear and nonlinear controllers were optimized to enhance performance, linear controllers generally performed better under the tested conditions, suggesting that commercially available AVs likely employ linear or piecewise-linear control mechanisms. The optimized controllers successfully achieved high mobility under stability constraints, mitigating traffic oscillations and promoting smoother traffic flow. This highlights the inherent trade-off between shorter headways, which improve mobility, and potential instability. Additionally, the local fit approach was found to be more suitable for short-term trajectory predictions, whereas the global fit approach was better for long-term simulations.To further advance vehicle automation, the research incorporated connected and automated vehicle (CAV) strategies. By leveraging cooperative driving automation (CDA) technologies, the proposed Visual-Enhanced Cooperative Traffic Operations (VECTOR) system demonstrated significant improvements in energy efficiency and traffic capacity. These enhancements address the limitations of traditional AV systems, by enabling lightweight intention-sharing mechanisms that facilitate more robust and efficient car-following behaviors.This dissertation contributes to the advancement of AV technology by providing a robust and uniform dataset that serves as a foundation for AV behavior analysis, standardized metrics that enable consistent evaluation across different studies and applications, a unified modeling framework that accurately reflects AV dynamics and control mechanisms, and improved control strategies that enhance AV performance in safety, mobility, stability, and sustainability.While significant strides were made, the research acknowledges certain limitations, such as the scope of the dataset and the exclusion of connected and cooperative strategies or end-to-end machine learning approaches. Future research directions include expanding the dataset to encompass more diverse AV models and driving conditions, exploring connected technologies and machine learning methods to further enhance AV performance, and implementing the optimized controllers in real-world AVs or high-fidelity simulators for validation under practical conditions.In conclusion, this dissertation addresses critical gaps in the modeling of AV behaviors, particularly in car-following scenarios. By developing a comprehensive framework that encompasses data collection, evaluation metrics, dynamic modeling, and controller optimization, it provides valuable insights and tools for improving AV performance. The research lays a solid foundation for future explorations into connected technologies and advanced control strategies, ultimately contributing to the effective integration of AVs into traffic systems and the realization of their potential benefits.
일반주제명  
Transportation
일반주제명  
Environmental engineering
키워드  
Automated vehicle
키워드  
Connected technology
키워드  
Controllers
키워드  
Field test
키워드  
Performance metrics
키워드  
Trajectory data
기타저자  
The University of Wisconsin - Madison Civil & Environmental Engr
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-06B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

 008250123s2024        us                              c    eng  d
■001000017165142
■00520250211153128
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798346873976
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31767003
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a385
■1001  ▼aMa,  Ke.
■24510▼aDesign,  Testing,  and  Evaluation  of  Automated  Vehicle  Control  Systems  in  Transportation
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a146  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aIncludes  supplementary  digital  materials.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Li,  Xiaopeng  Shaw.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison,  2024.
■520    ▼aAutomated  vehicles  (AVs)  hold  the  promise  of  transforming  transportation  systems  by  enhancing  safety,  mobility,  stability,  and  sustainability.  However,  current  research  often  falls  short  of  fully  capturing  the  unique  characteristics  of  AV  behaviors,  particularly  in  car-following  scenarios.  Existing  models  predominantly  focus  on  human-driven  vehicles  (HVs)  and  fail  to  account  for  the  specific  control  mechanisms  and  hardware  constraints  inherent  in  AVs.  This  dissertation  aims  to  bridge  these  gaps  by  developing  a  comprehensive  framework  that  includes  a  uniform  trajectory  dataset,  standardized  evaluation  metrics,  and  a  unified  dynamics  structure  tailored  for  AVs.The  research  is  guided  by  four  primary  goals:  developing  a  comprehensive  and  uniform  AV  trajectory  dataset;  assessing  current  commercial  AV  behaviors  using  standardized  metrics;  developing  a  unified  dynamics  structure  for  AV  models  and  controllers;  and  designing  and  optimizing  improved  controllers  within  the  established  dynamics  structure.  To  achieve  these  goals,  a  large-scale  empirical  dataset  was  compiled  from  30  AVs  across  multiple  automakers,  capturing  a  wide  range  of  driving  scenarios  and  conditions  while  considering  variability  in  hardware,  models,  test  sites,  and  experimental  settings.Standardized  evaluation  metrics  focusing  on  safety,  mobility,  stability,  and  sustainability  were  established,  enabling  consistent  assessment  across  different  studies  and  applications.  Analysis  of  the  dataset  revealed  that  current  commercial  AVs  exhibit  certain  limitations,  such  as  instability  under  specific  conditions,  highlighting  the  need  for  improved  control  strategies.To  address  the  limitations  of  human-based  car-following  models,  a  three-stage  unified  dynamics  structure  was  developed,  accurately  modeling  AV  dynamics  and  controllers  by  accounting  for  AV-specific  control  mechanisms  and  hardware  constraints.  The  proposed  structure  integrates  time  delays  due  to  sensor  detection,  data  processing,  and  actuator  response,  and  accommodates  both  linear  and  nonlinear  controllers.  This  framework  captures  the  uniform  and  predictable  nature  of  AV  control  mechanisms.Within  this  dynamics  structure,  both  linear  and  nonlinear  car-following  models  were  developed  and  calibrated  using  the  empirical  dataset.  An  optimization  methodology  was  introduced  to  identify  optimal  parameters  that  maximize  mobility  while  ensuring  stability  constraints  are  satisfied.  The  research  methodology  involved  calibrating  the  car-following  models  based  on  the  empirical  data,  identifying  response  delays  for  each  AV,  and  performing  stability  analysis.  For  linear  models,  the  system's  transfer  function  was  derived,  and  stability  conditions  were  determined  by  analyzing  the  poles  of  the  transfer  function.  For  nonlinear  models,  local  stability  was  assessed  by  linearizing  the  system  around  equilibrium  points  and  examining  the  eigenvalues  of  the  Jacobian  matrix.Optimization  problems  were  formulated  to  maximize  mobility,  such  as  minimizing  average  headway,  while  satisfying  the  derived  stability  constraints.  Constrained  optimization  algorithms,  including  Sequential  Quadratic  Programming  for  linear  models  and  Genetic  Algorithms  for  nonlinear  models,  were  employed  to  solve  these  problems.  The  optimized  controllers  demonstrated  improved  performance  in  simulations,  achieving  a  better  trade-off  between  mobility  and  stability  compared  to  existing  commercial  models.Key  findings  of  the  dissertation  include  the  importance  of  incorporating  time  delays  in  accurately  modeling  AV  behaviors.  Including  feedback  delays  (sensor  detection  and  data  processing)  and  parasitic  lags  (actuator  response  times)  significantly  improved  the  accuracy  of  the  car-following  models.  While  both  linear  and  nonlinear  controllers  were  optimized  to  enhance  performance,  linear  controllers  generally  performed  better  under  the  tested  conditions,  suggesting  that  commercially  available  AVs  likely  employ  linear  or  piecewise-linear  control  mechanisms.  The  optimized  controllers  successfully  achieved  high  mobility  under  stability  constraints,  mitigating  traffic  oscillations  and  promoting  smoother  traffic  flow.  This  highlights  the  inherent  trade-off  between  shorter  headways,  which  improve  mobility,  and  potential  instability.  Additionally,  the  local  fit  approach  was  found  to  be  more  suitable  for  short-term  trajectory  predictions,  whereas  the  global  fit  approach  was  better  for  long-term  simulations.To  further  advance  vehicle  automation,  the  research  incorporated  connected  and  automated  vehicle  (CAV)  strategies.  By  leveraging  cooperative  driving  automation  (CDA)  technologies,  the  proposed  Visual-Enhanced  Cooperative  Traffic  Operations  (VECTOR)  system  demonstrated  significant  improvements  in  energy  efficiency  and  traffic  capacity.  These  enhancements  address  the  limitations  of  traditional  AV  systems,  by  enabling  lightweight  intention-sharing  mechanisms  that  facilitate  more  robust  and  efficient  car-following  behaviors.This  dissertation  contributes  to  the  advancement  of  AV  technology  by  providing  a  robust  and  uniform  dataset  that  serves  as  a  foundation  for  AV  behavior  analysis,  standardized  metrics  that  enable  consistent  evaluation  across  different  studies  and  applications,  a  unified  modeling  framework  that  accurately  reflects  AV  dynamics  and  control  mechanisms,  and  improved  control  strategies  that  enhance  AV  performance  in  safety,  mobility,  stability,  and  sustainability.While  significant  strides  were  made,  the  research  acknowledges  certain  limitations,  such  as  the  scope  of  the  dataset  and  the  exclusion  of  connected  and  cooperative  strategies  or  end-to-end  machine  learning  approaches.  Future  research  directions  include  expanding  the  dataset  to  encompass  more  diverse  AV  models  and  driving  conditions,  exploring  connected  technologies  and  machine  learning  methods  to  further  enhance  AV  performance,  and  implementing  the  optimized  controllers  in  real-world  AVs  or  high-fidelity  simulators  for  validation  under  practical  conditions.In  conclusion,  this  dissertation  addresses  critical  gaps  in  the  modeling  of  AV  behaviors,  particularly  in  car-following  scenarios.  By  developing  a  comprehensive  framework  that  encompasses  data  collection,  evaluation  metrics,  dynamic  modeling,  and  controller  optimization,  it  provides  valuable  insights  and  tools  for  improving  AV  performance.  The  research  lays  a  solid  foundation  for  future  explorations  into  connected  technologies  and  advanced  control  strategies,  ultimately  contributing  to  the  effective  integration  of  AVs  into  traffic  systems  and  the  realization  of  their  potential  benefits.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0262.
■650  4▼aTransportation
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  engineering
■653    ▼aAutomated  vehicle
■653    ▼aConnected  technology
■653    ▼aControllers
■653    ▼aField  test
■653    ▼aPerformance  metrics
■653    ▼aTrajectory  data
■690    ▼a0709
■690    ▼a0543
■690    ▼a0775
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼bCivil  &  Environmental  Engr.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-06B.
■790    ▼a0262
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17165142▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

미리보기

내보내기

chatGPT토론

Ai 추천 관련 도서


    신착도서 더보기
    최근 3년간 통계입니다.

    소장정보

    • 예약
    • 소재불명신고
    • 나의폴더
    • 우선정리요청
    • 비도서대출신청
    • 야간 도서대출신청
    소장자료
    등록번호 청구기호 소장처 대출가능여부 대출정보
    TF13271 전자도서 대출가능 마이폴더 부재도서신고 비도서대출신청 야간 도서대출신청

    * 대출중인 자료에 한하여 예약이 가능합니다. 예약을 원하시면 예약버튼을 클릭하십시오.

    해당 도서를 다른 이용자가 함께 대출한 도서

    관련 인기도서

    로그인 후 이용 가능합니다.