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HIV Management Among Women in the United States: Comparing the Mechanisms of Risk and Resilience Between U.S.-Born and Foreign-Born Groups
HIV Management Among Women in the United States: Comparing the Mechanisms of Risk and Resi...
HIV Management Among Women in the United States: Comparing the Mechanisms of Risk and Resilience Between U.S.-Born and Foreign-Born Groups

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153129
ISBN  
9798346868316
DDC  
361
저자명  
He, Ning.
서명/저자  
HIV Management Among Women in the United States: Comparing the Mechanisms of Risk and Resilience Between U.S.-Born and Foreign-Born Groups
발행사항  
[Sl] : New York University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
135 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Gwadz, Marya.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Women account for nearly a quarter of persons living with HIV (PLWH) in the United States, with the majority being African American/Black or Latina (80%). Foreign-born women are overrepresented in this population compared to their proportions in the general population. The rate of HIV viral suppression among women living with HIV (WLWH) is low relative to the UNAIDS 2025 target, with African American/Black and Latina WLWH having lower rates than their White peers. Despite facing unique barriers related to immigration and acculturation stress, foreign-born WLWH generally exhibit better ART adherence and higher viral suppression rates compared to their U.S.-born counterparts. Previous studies have highlighted factors such as discrimination, medical mistrust, and substance use as influencing HIV viral suppression among WLWH. However, no in-depth study has examined the disparity in HIV outcomes between foreign-born and U.S.-born WLWH by comparing their HIV management strategies. Guided by social action theory and immigration adaptation theories, this dissertation examines differences in HIV viral suppression rates, explores the mechanisms driving these outcomes, and compares HIV management strategies between foreign-born and U.S.-born women of color. This cross-sectional study used 2018 data from the Women's Interagency HIV Study, including 1,292 women (209 foreign-born and 1,083 U.S.-born). Descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis, and multi-group limited information structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to compare the effects of risk and protective factors between groups. Among U.S.-born women, the majority were non-Hispanic African American (84.87%), followed by Hispanic (12.37%). Similarly, among foreign-born women, most were non-Hispanic Black (61.27%), followed by Hispanic (27.75%). HIV viral suppression was achieved by 69.3% of the sample, with no significant differences between the two groups. In bivariate analyses, foreign-born WLWH reported lower levels of discrimination and heavy substance use, and better mental health status compared to their U.S.-born counterparts. Additionally, in the SEM models, the impact of discrimination on other protective and risk factors-specifically, trust and heavy substance use-differed between the groups. For the U.S.-born group only, discrimination was negatively associated with trust in healthcare providers, patient-provider interaction quality, and generative capabilities, while positively associated with HIV stigma and psychological distress. For the foreign-born group only, discrimination was associated with a lower likelihood of heavy substance use. In both groups, none of the model's factors predicted HIV viral suppression, although among U.S.-born WLWH, two covariates (age and years since HIV diagnosis) were significant predictors. These findings suggest that perceptions and coping strategies related to structural racism and social inequity differ significantly between the groups. The lack of predictive factors for viral suppression in both groups suggests the need to explore other contextual and social influences, such as immigration experiences and adverse events. The findings contribute to the understanding of characteristics and experiences of women living with HIV and provide implications for social work practice, behavioral interventions, and health policy in the United States.
일반주제명  
Social work
일반주제명  
Public health
일반주제명  
Womens studies
키워드  
Foreign-born status
키워드  
HIV management
키워드  
HIV viral suppression
키워드  
Immigration
기타저자  
New York University PhD Program
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-06B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a361
■1001  ▼aHe,  Ning.
■24510▼aHIV  Management  Among  Women  in  the  United  States:  Comparing  the  Mechanisms  of  Risk  and  Resilience  Between  U.S.-Born  and  Foreign-Born  Groups
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNew  York  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a135  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Gwadz,  Marya.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--New  York  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aWomen  account  for  nearly  a  quarter  of  persons  living  with  HIV  (PLWH)  in  the  United  States,  with  the  majority  being  African  American/Black  or  Latina  (80%).  Foreign-born  women  are  overrepresented  in  this  population  compared  to  their  proportions  in  the  general  population.  The  rate  of  HIV  viral  suppression  among  women  living  with  HIV  (WLWH)  is  low  relative  to  the  UNAIDS  2025  target,  with  African  American/Black  and  Latina  WLWH  having  lower  rates  than  their  White  peers.  Despite  facing  unique  barriers  related  to  immigration  and  acculturation  stress,  foreign-born  WLWH  generally  exhibit  better  ART  adherence  and  higher  viral  suppression  rates  compared  to  their  U.S.-born  counterparts.  Previous  studies  have  highlighted  factors  such  as  discrimination,  medical  mistrust,  and  substance  use  as  influencing  HIV  viral  suppression  among  WLWH.  However,  no  in-depth  study  has  examined  the  disparity  in  HIV  outcomes  between  foreign-born  and  U.S.-born  WLWH  by  comparing  their  HIV  management  strategies.  Guided  by  social  action  theory  and  immigration  adaptation  theories,  this  dissertation  examines  differences  in  HIV  viral  suppression  rates,  explores  the  mechanisms  driving  these  outcomes,  and  compares  HIV  management  strategies  between  foreign-born  and  U.S.-born  women  of  color.  This  cross-sectional  study  used  2018  data  from  the  Women's  Interagency  HIV  Study,  including  1,292  women  (209  foreign-born  and  1,083  U.S.-born).  Descriptive  statistics,  bivariate  analysis,  and  multi-group  limited  information  structural  equation  modeling  (SEM)  were  conducted  to  compare  the  effects  of  risk  and  protective  factors  between  groups.  Among  U.S.-born  women,  the  majority  were  non-Hispanic  African  American  (84.87%),  followed  by  Hispanic  (12.37%).  Similarly,  among  foreign-born  women,  most  were  non-Hispanic  Black  (61.27%),  followed  by  Hispanic  (27.75%).  HIV  viral  suppression  was  achieved  by  69.3%  of  the  sample,  with  no  significant  differences  between  the  two  groups.  In  bivariate  analyses,  foreign-born  WLWH  reported  lower  levels  of  discrimination  and  heavy  substance  use,  and  better  mental  health  status  compared  to  their  U.S.-born  counterparts.  Additionally,  in  the  SEM  models,  the  impact  of  discrimination  on  other  protective  and  risk  factors-specifically,  trust  and  heavy  substance  use-differed  between  the  groups.  For  the  U.S.-born  group  only,  discrimination  was  negatively  associated  with  trust  in  healthcare  providers,  patient-provider  interaction  quality,  and  generative  capabilities,  while  positively  associated  with  HIV  stigma  and  psychological  distress.  For  the  foreign-born  group  only,  discrimination  was  associated  with  a  lower  likelihood  of  heavy  substance  use.  In  both  groups,  none  of  the  model's  factors  predicted  HIV  viral  suppression,  although  among  U.S.-born  WLWH,  two  covariates  (age  and  years  since  HIV  diagnosis)  were  significant  predictors.  These  findings  suggest  that  perceptions  and  coping  strategies  related  to  structural  racism  and  social  inequity  differ  significantly  between  the  groups.  The  lack  of  predictive  factors  for  viral  suppression  in  both  groups  suggests  the  need  to  explore  other  contextual  and  social  influences,  such  as  immigration  experiences  and  adverse  events.  The  findings  contribute  to  the  understanding  of  characteristics  and  experiences  of  women  living  with  HIV  and  provide  implications  for  social  work  practice,  behavioral  interventions,  and  health  policy  in  the  United  States.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0146.
■650  4▼aSocial  work
■650  4▼aPublic  health
■650  4▼aWomens  studies
■653    ▼aForeign-born  status
■653    ▼aHIV  management
■653    ▼aHIV  viral  suppression
■653    ▼aImmigration
■690    ▼a0452
■690    ▼a0453
■690    ▼a0573
■71020▼aNew  York  University▼bPh.D.  Program.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-06B.
■790    ▼a0146
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17165148▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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