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CARD8 Inflammasome Activation Upon HIV-1 Infection
CARD8 Inflammasome Activation Upon HIV-1 Infection
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211151026
- ISBN
- 9798382214863
- DDC
- 576.6
- 서명/저자
- CARD8 Inflammasome Activation Upon HIV-1 Infection
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Washington, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 128 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-10, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Emerman, Michael;Mitchell, Patrick.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Inflammasomes are host cytosolic innate immune complexes that assemble upon detection of diverse pathogen-associated cues and play a crucial role in host defense but can also contribute to inflammatory pathogenesis. In prior work, the inflammasome-forming sensor CARD8 was reported to recognize the enzymatic activity of the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). I demonstrated that human CARD8 has a unique motif among hominoids and Old World monkeys that renders it susceptible to cleavage by HIV-1 protease (HIV-1PR). Furthermore, the protease from the precursor to HIV-1, SIVcpz, can cleave human CARD8, but not chimpanzee CARD8. This indicates that the precursor viruses to HIV-1 were poised to cleave human CARD8 prior to cross-species transmission into human. In addition, I show that CARD8 sensing can happen during acute HIV-1 infection, using multiple modes of infection in cancer and primary cell lines, in a manner dependent on HIV-1PR cleavage of the human-specific motif in CARD8, resulting in a lytic form of cell death called pyroptosis and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Genetic knockout of the inflammasome adaptor protein ASC suggests that cell death associated with HIV-dependent inflammasome activation is primarily CARD8-dependent whereas cytokine release may be amplified through secondary modulation by the NLRP3 inflammasome. Additionally, I identified mutant HIV-1 proteases from a panel of protease inhibitor resistant HIV-1 strains that differentially cleave and activate CARD8 compared to wildtype HIV-1.HIV-1 arose from multiple cross-species transmissions from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infecting other primates. While some non-human primates infected with SIVs exhibit inflammatory pathologies, humans present with the most severe inflammatory pathogenesis, progressing to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) without anti-retroviral therapy. The findings outlined in this thesis suggest a model whereby human-specific activation of the CARD8 inflammasome may contribute to chronic immune activation and may partially explain the heightened pathogenesis of HIV-1 in humans relative to SIV in other non-human primate reservoirs.
- 일반주제명
- Virology
- 일반주제명
- Immunology
- 일반주제명
- Evolution & development
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology
- 일반주제명
- Molecular biology
- 키워드
- Inflammasomes
- 키워드
- Protease
- 기타저자
- University of Washington Molecular and Cellular Biology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-10B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798382214863
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30996850
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a576.6
■1001 ▼aKulsuptrakul, Jessie.
■24510▼aCARD8 Inflammasome Activation Upon HIV-1 Infection
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Washington▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a128 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-10, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Emerman, Michael;Mitchell, Patrick.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2024.
■520 ▼aInflammasomes are host cytosolic innate immune complexes that assemble upon detection of diverse pathogen-associated cues and play a crucial role in host defense but can also contribute to inflammatory pathogenesis. In prior work, the inflammasome-forming sensor CARD8 was reported to recognize the enzymatic activity of the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). I demonstrated that human CARD8 has a unique motif among hominoids and Old World monkeys that renders it susceptible to cleavage by HIV-1 protease (HIV-1PR). Furthermore, the protease from the precursor to HIV-1, SIVcpz, can cleave human CARD8, but not chimpanzee CARD8. This indicates that the precursor viruses to HIV-1 were poised to cleave human CARD8 prior to cross-species transmission into human. In addition, I show that CARD8 sensing can happen during acute HIV-1 infection, using multiple modes of infection in cancer and primary cell lines, in a manner dependent on HIV-1PR cleavage of the human-specific motif in CARD8, resulting in a lytic form of cell death called pyroptosis and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Genetic knockout of the inflammasome adaptor protein ASC suggests that cell death associated with HIV-dependent inflammasome activation is primarily CARD8-dependent whereas cytokine release may be amplified through secondary modulation by the NLRP3 inflammasome. Additionally, I identified mutant HIV-1 proteases from a panel of protease inhibitor resistant HIV-1 strains that differentially cleave and activate CARD8 compared to wildtype HIV-1.HIV-1 arose from multiple cross-species transmissions from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infecting other primates. While some non-human primates infected with SIVs exhibit inflammatory pathologies, humans present with the most severe inflammatory pathogenesis, progressing to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) without anti-retroviral therapy. The findings outlined in this thesis suggest a model whereby human-specific activation of the CARD8 inflammasome may contribute to chronic immune activation and may partially explain the heightened pathogenesis of HIV-1 in humans relative to SIV in other non-human primate reservoirs.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0250.
■650 4▼aVirology
■650 4▼aImmunology
■650 4▼aEvolution & development
■650 4▼aCellular biology
■650 4▼aMolecular biology
■653 ▼aCross-species transmission
■653 ▼aInflammasomes
■653 ▼aProtease
■653 ▼aSimian immunodeficiency virus
■690 ▼a0720
■690 ▼a0982
■690 ▼a0412
■690 ▼a0379
■690 ▼a0307
■71020▼aUniversity of Washington▼bMolecular and Cellular Biology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-10B.
■790 ▼a0250
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160474▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


