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Molecular Mechanisms of Signaling Regulation in the Adhesion Family of G Protein-Coupled Receptors
Molecular Mechanisms of Signaling Regulation in the Adhesion Family of G Protein-Coupled R...
Molecular Mechanisms of Signaling Regulation in the Adhesion Family of G Protein-Coupled Receptors

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152124
ISBN  
9798346567301
DDC  
574
저자명  
Dates, Andrew Nathan.
서명/저자  
Molecular Mechanisms of Signaling Regulation in the Adhesion Family of G Protein-Coupled Receptors
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
203 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Blacklow, Stephen C.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest family of human cell surface proteins and regulate nearly every facet of mammalian physiology, while also serving as the targets of approximately one third of all approved pharmaceutical drugs. The 33 members of the Adhesion Family of GPCRs (aGPCRs, or Family B2) comprise the second-largest evolutionary subgrouping of GPCRs in the human genome and control development, tissue homeostasis, and cell-cell communication in a wide range of tissues.While the relationships between many GPCRs and their activating ligands, known as agonists, are well understood from binding to physiological response, signaling mechanisms for aGPCRs are more complex due to the unique extracellular structures of these receptors. These ectodomains typically include large adhesion protein modules and a membrane-proximal regulatory domain called the GPCR Autoproteolysis-INducing (GAIN) domain. Within the GAIN domain resides a tethered agonist (TA) peptide ligand, which is thought to activate the corresponding receptor domain when the GAIN domain is physically disrupted, possibly through the application of force to the adhesion module.This dissertation presents significant experimental progress in elucidating how the complex ectodomain of any given aGPCR influences signaling. In Chapter 2, I describe the development of a system for measuring TA-induced aGPCR signaling with high signal-to-noise. I show that this assay system is modular, can be applied to aGPCRs in parallel, and accurately reports on structure-function relationships among the TA, GAIN, and receptor sequences. In Chapter 3, I describe the application of this signaling platform to the full family of 33 human aGPCRs. Across several orthogonal metrics of GPCR activation, from ligand binding to receptor desensitization, I show that, strikingly, only about one half of aGPCRs signal through their TA peptide. In addition, I profile the effectors activated by TA-driven aGPCR signaling for each family member. These studies reveal a substantial preference of the aGPCRs to couple to G12/13 heterotrimers, which are the least preferred G protein partners for proteins of other GPCR families. The activation of G12/13 proteins leads to actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, which is a key feature of many biological processes governed by aGPCRs, such as platelet activation, planar cell polarity, and synapse formation. In Chapter 4, I adapt my signaling platform to evaluate the effects of the GAIN domain on TA-dependent and TA-independent signaling by aGPCRs. These studies show that basal, TA- independent signaling of some, but not all, aGPCRs is autoinhibited by the GAIN domain. The work described in this dissertation thus provides a comprehensive analysis of aGPCR signal regulation at the molecular level, and should serve as a reference for the design and interpretation of in vivo studies and for the analysis and development of compounds that modulate aGPCR activity.
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
일반주제명  
Pharmacology
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Biophysics
키워드  
G protein-coupled receptors
키워드  
Adhesion GPCRs
키워드  
Signal transduction
키워드  
Tethered agonist
키워드  
Ligand binding
기타저자  
Harvard University Chemical Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31482327
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a574
■1001  ▼aDates,  Andrew  Nathan.▼0(orcid)0000-0001-9307-5973
■24510▼aMolecular  Mechanisms  of  Signaling  Regulation  in  the  Adhesion  Family  of  G  Protein-Coupled  Receptors
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a203  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Blacklow,  Stephen  C.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aG  protein-coupled  receptors  (GPCRs)  comprise  the  largest  family  of  human  cell  surface  proteins  and  regulate  nearly  every  facet  of  mammalian  physiology,  while  also  serving  as  the  targets  of  approximately  one  third  of  all  approved  pharmaceutical  drugs.  The  33  members  of  the  Adhesion  Family  of  GPCRs  (aGPCRs,  or  Family  B2)  comprise  the  second-largest  evolutionary  subgrouping  of  GPCRs  in  the  human  genome  and  control  development,  tissue  homeostasis,  and  cell-cell  communication  in  a  wide  range  of  tissues.While  the  relationships  between  many  GPCRs  and  their  activating  ligands,  known  as  agonists,  are  well  understood  from  binding  to  physiological  response,  signaling  mechanisms  for  aGPCRs  are  more  complex  due  to  the  unique  extracellular  structures  of  these  receptors.  These  ectodomains  typically  include  large  adhesion  protein  modules  and  a  membrane-proximal  regulatory  domain  called  the  GPCR  Autoproteolysis-INducing  (GAIN)  domain.  Within  the  GAIN  domain  resides  a  tethered  agonist  (TA)  peptide  ligand,  which  is  thought  to  activate  the  corresponding  receptor  domain  when  the  GAIN  domain  is  physically  disrupted,  possibly  through  the  application  of  force  to  the  adhesion  module.This  dissertation  presents  significant  experimental  progress  in  elucidating  how  the  complex  ectodomain  of  any  given  aGPCR  influences  signaling.  In  Chapter  2,  I  describe  the  development  of  a  system  for  measuring  TA-induced  aGPCR  signaling  with  high  signal-to-noise.  I  show  that  this  assay  system  is  modular,  can  be  applied  to  aGPCRs  in  parallel,  and  accurately  reports  on  structure-function  relationships  among  the  TA,  GAIN,  and  receptor  sequences.  In  Chapter  3,  I  describe  the  application  of  this  signaling  platform  to  the  full  family  of  33  human  aGPCRs.  Across  several  orthogonal  metrics  of  GPCR  activation,  from  ligand  binding  to  receptor  desensitization,  I  show  that,  strikingly,  only  about  one  half  of  aGPCRs  signal  through  their  TA  peptide.  In  addition,  I  profile  the  effectors  activated  by  TA-driven  aGPCR  signaling  for  each  family  member.  These  studies  reveal  a  substantial  preference  of  the  aGPCRs  to  couple  to  G12/13  heterotrimers,  which  are  the  least  preferred  G  protein  partners  for  proteins  of  other  GPCR  families.  The  activation  of  G12/13  proteins  leads  to  actin  cytoskeletal  rearrangement,  which  is  a  key  feature  of  many  biological  processes  governed  by  aGPCRs,  such  as  platelet  activation,  planar  cell  polarity,  and  synapse  formation.  In  Chapter  4,  I  adapt  my  signaling  platform  to  evaluate  the  effects  of  the  GAIN  domain  on  TA-dependent  and  TA-independent  signaling  by  aGPCRs.  These  studies  show  that  basal,  TA-  independent  signaling  of  some,  but  not  all,  aGPCRs  is  autoinhibited  by  the  GAIN  domain.  The  work  described  in  this  dissertation  thus  provides  a  comprehensive  analysis  of  aGPCR  signal  regulation  at  the  molecular  level,  and  should  serve  as  a  reference  for  the  design  and  interpretation  of  in  vivo  studies  and  for  the  analysis  and  development  of  compounds  that  modulate  aGPCR  activity.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■650  4▼aPharmacology
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aBiophysics
■653    ▼aG  protein-coupled  receptors
■653    ▼aAdhesion  GPCRs
■653    ▼aSignal  transduction
■653    ▼aTethered  agonist
■653    ▼aLigand  binding
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0487
■690    ▼a0786
■690    ▼a0419
■690    ▼a0307
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bChemical  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-05B.
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163016▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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