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The Political Economy of Crime and Its Punishment: Evidence From Latin America
The Political Economy of Crime and Its Punishment: Evidence From Latin America
The Political Economy of Crime and Its Punishment: Evidence From Latin America

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152130
ISBN  
9798342710121
DDC  
320
저자명  
Torreblanca Becerra Acosta, Carolina Alejandra.
서명/저자  
The Political Economy of Crime and Its Punishment: Evidence From Latin America
발행사항  
[Sl] : New York University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
211 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Slough, Tara.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The three essays in this dissertation contribute theoretical insights and novel empirical evidence from Latin America that speak to the question of how arbitrary violence ---whether at the hands of state agents or criminals--- affects citizens' political beliefs and behavior.Chapter 2: Causal Inference with Heterogeneous Treatment Probabilities: Applications to Crime Victimization. Causal identification-oriented research often tests whether a cause can affect an outcome by targeting average treatment effects (ATEs). Yet, ATEs might speak little to how a cause affects an outcome in non-experimental settings. I show that when the probability of treatment is heterogeneous, ATEs and the average treatment effect on the treated (ATTs) can greatly diverge and even take opposing signs. I revisit canonical findings on the consequences of criminal victimization in Latin America. Work targeting the ATE shows that victims become more politically engaged. However, criminological research suggests that vulnerability to crime covaries in individuals' politics. I use a principal-strata framework, incorporating stratum-specific treatment probabilities, to characterize the set of ATEs and ATTs consistent with survey data measuring political participation and personal victimization. Results show individuals who participate less after victimization are at a greater risk of becoming victims, leading to less victimization-spurred participation in the continent. Findings emphasize the importance of the probability of receiving treatment as a quantity of interest for researchers.Chapter 3: The Political Consequences of ``Source Country'' Operations: Evidence from Crop Eradication in Mexico. When crafting law enforcement policy, drug-producing ---or ``source''--- countries must adjudicate between domestic security priorities and international pressure to curb drug supply. What are the political consequences of prioritizing supply reduction? I analyze the case of illicit crop eradication in Mexico, where the army destroys thousands of fields yearly. While fundamental for ensuring conditional US aid, residents of crop-growing communities understand eradication as an unjust federal policy. I argue that residents negatively update on the trustworthiness of law enforcement after eradication and are discouraged from attempting to change federal policy through electoral means, decreasing turnout. To test, I construct a novel eradication measure using the universe of satellite-detected illicit fields. Using exogenous variation in location and timing, I show eradication depresses turnout in federal elections and trust in the army. Supply reduction might come at the cost of eroding trust in law enforcement and undermining domestic accountability in source countries.Chapter 4: Class and the Development of Trust in Police in Latin America --- (co-authored with Tara Slough.) In the United States, trust in police is positively correlated with socioeconomic status. We show that this is not the case in Latin America. In 146 surveys spanning 20 Latin American countries, we find that trust in police is weakly and negatively correlated with socioeconomic status ---a fact that neither regional nor subject-matter experts anticipated. By way of explanation, we propose that rich people everywhere are more likely to interpret everyday experiences as signals about the police. Because bad experiences like crime victimization and bribe solicitation are more common in Latin America relative to the US, rich people's tendency to interpret poor security outcomes as signals of police (un)trustworthiness should lead to a lower trust-SES gradient. In our account, cross-country differences in the trust-SES gradient are driven not by differences in how people update but rather by cross-country differences in policing outcomes, together with universal class-based differences in people's readiness to see the world around them as a signal about police.
일반주제명  
Political science
일반주제명  
Law enforcement
일반주제명  
Criminology
키워드  
Crime
키워드  
Latin America
키워드  
Average treatment effect
기타저자  
New York University Politics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aTorreblanca  Becerra  Acosta,  Carolina  Alejandra.
■24510▼aThe  Political  Economy  of  Crime  and  Its  Punishment:  Evidence  From  Latin  America
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNew  York  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a211  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Slough,  Tara.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--New  York  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  three  essays  in  this  dissertation  contribute  theoretical  insights  and  novel  empirical  evidence  from  Latin  America  that  speak  to  the  question  of  how  arbitrary  violence  ---whether  at  the  hands  of  state  agents  or  criminals---  affects  citizens'  political  beliefs  and  behavior.Chapter  2:  Causal  Inference  with  Heterogeneous  Treatment  Probabilities:  Applications  to  Crime  Victimization.  Causal  identification-oriented  research  often  tests  whether  a  cause  can  affect  an  outcome  by  targeting  average  treatment  effects  (ATEs).  Yet,  ATEs  might  speak  little  to  how  a  cause  affects  an  outcome  in  non-experimental  settings.  I  show  that  when  the  probability  of  treatment  is  heterogeneous,  ATEs  and  the  average  treatment  effect  on  the  treated  (ATTs)  can  greatly  diverge  and  even  take  opposing  signs.  I  revisit  canonical  findings  on  the  consequences  of  criminal  victimization  in  Latin  America.  Work  targeting  the  ATE  shows  that  victims  become  more  politically  engaged.  However,  criminological  research  suggests  that  vulnerability  to  crime  covaries  in  individuals'  politics.  I  use  a  principal-strata  framework,  incorporating  stratum-specific  treatment  probabilities,  to  characterize  the  set  of  ATEs  and  ATTs  consistent  with  survey  data  measuring  political  participation  and  personal  victimization.  Results  show  individuals  who  participate  less  after  victimization  are  at  a  greater  risk  of  becoming  victims,  leading  to  less  victimization-spurred  participation  in  the  continent.  Findings  emphasize  the  importance  of  the  probability  of  receiving  treatment  as  a  quantity  of  interest  for  researchers.Chapter  3:  The  Political  Consequences  of  ``Source  Country''  Operations:  Evidence  from  Crop  Eradication  in  Mexico.  When  crafting  law  enforcement  policy,  drug-producing  ---or  ``source''---  countries  must  adjudicate  between  domestic  security  priorities  and  international  pressure  to  curb  drug  supply.  What  are  the  political  consequences  of  prioritizing  supply  reduction?  I  analyze  the  case  of  illicit  crop  eradication  in  Mexico,  where  the  army  destroys  thousands  of  fields  yearly.  While  fundamental  for  ensuring  conditional  US  aid,  residents  of  crop-growing  communities  understand  eradication  as  an  unjust  federal  policy.  I  argue  that  residents  negatively  update  on  the  trustworthiness  of  law  enforcement  after  eradication  and  are  discouraged  from  attempting  to  change  federal  policy  through  electoral  means,  decreasing  turnout.  To  test,  I  construct  a  novel  eradication  measure  using  the  universe  of  satellite-detected  illicit  fields.  Using  exogenous  variation  in  location  and  timing,  I  show  eradication  depresses  turnout  in  federal  elections  and  trust  in  the  army.  Supply  reduction  might  come  at  the  cost  of  eroding  trust  in  law  enforcement  and  undermining  domestic  accountability  in  source  countries.Chapter  4:  Class  and  the  Development  of  Trust  in  Police  in  Latin  America  ---  (co-authored  with  Tara  Slough.)  In  the  United  States,  trust  in  police  is  positively  correlated  with  socioeconomic  status.  We  show  that  this  is  not  the  case  in  Latin  America.  In  146  surveys  spanning  20  Latin  American  countries,  we  find  that  trust  in  police  is  weakly  and  negatively  correlated  with  socioeconomic  status  ---a  fact  that  neither  regional  nor  subject-matter  experts  anticipated.  By  way  of  explanation,  we  propose  that  rich  people  everywhere  are  more  likely  to  interpret  everyday  experiences  as  signals  about  the  police.  Because  bad  experiences  like  crime  victimization  and  bribe  solicitation  are  more  common  in  Latin  America  relative  to  the  US,  rich  people's  tendency  to  interpret  poor  security  outcomes  as  signals  of  police  (un)trustworthiness  should  lead  to  a  lower  trust-SES  gradient.  In  our  account,  cross-country  differences  in  the  trust-SES  gradient  are  driven  not  by  differences  in  how  people  update  but  rather  by  cross-country  differences  in  policing  outcomes,  together  with  universal  class-based  differences  in  people's  readiness  to  see  the  world  around  them  as  a  signal  about  police.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0146.
■650  4▼aPolitical  science
■650  4▼aLaw  enforcement
■650  4▼aCriminology
■653    ▼aCrime
■653    ▼aLatin  America
■653    ▼aAverage  treatment  effect
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■690    ▼a0206
■690    ▼a0627
■71020▼aNew  York  University▼bPolitics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04A.
■790    ▼a0146
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163061▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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