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The Political Economy of Crime and Its Punishment: Evidence From Latin America
The Political Economy of Crime and Its Punishment: Evidence From Latin America
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211152130
- ISBN
- 9798342710121
- DDC
- 320
- 서명/저자
- The Political Economy of Crime and Its Punishment: Evidence From Latin America
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : New York University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 211 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Slough, Tara.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약The three essays in this dissertation contribute theoretical insights and novel empirical evidence from Latin America that speak to the question of how arbitrary violence ---whether at the hands of state agents or criminals--- affects citizens' political beliefs and behavior.Chapter 2: Causal Inference with Heterogeneous Treatment Probabilities: Applications to Crime Victimization. Causal identification-oriented research often tests whether a cause can affect an outcome by targeting average treatment effects (ATEs). Yet, ATEs might speak little to how a cause affects an outcome in non-experimental settings. I show that when the probability of treatment is heterogeneous, ATEs and the average treatment effect on the treated (ATTs) can greatly diverge and even take opposing signs. I revisit canonical findings on the consequences of criminal victimization in Latin America. Work targeting the ATE shows that victims become more politically engaged. However, criminological research suggests that vulnerability to crime covaries in individuals' politics. I use a principal-strata framework, incorporating stratum-specific treatment probabilities, to characterize the set of ATEs and ATTs consistent with survey data measuring political participation and personal victimization. Results show individuals who participate less after victimization are at a greater risk of becoming victims, leading to less victimization-spurred participation in the continent. Findings emphasize the importance of the probability of receiving treatment as a quantity of interest for researchers.Chapter 3: The Political Consequences of ``Source Country'' Operations: Evidence from Crop Eradication in Mexico. When crafting law enforcement policy, drug-producing ---or ``source''--- countries must adjudicate between domestic security priorities and international pressure to curb drug supply. What are the political consequences of prioritizing supply reduction? I analyze the case of illicit crop eradication in Mexico, where the army destroys thousands of fields yearly. While fundamental for ensuring conditional US aid, residents of crop-growing communities understand eradication as an unjust federal policy. I argue that residents negatively update on the trustworthiness of law enforcement after eradication and are discouraged from attempting to change federal policy through electoral means, decreasing turnout. To test, I construct a novel eradication measure using the universe of satellite-detected illicit fields. Using exogenous variation in location and timing, I show eradication depresses turnout in federal elections and trust in the army. Supply reduction might come at the cost of eroding trust in law enforcement and undermining domestic accountability in source countries.Chapter 4: Class and the Development of Trust in Police in Latin America --- (co-authored with Tara Slough.) In the United States, trust in police is positively correlated with socioeconomic status. We show that this is not the case in Latin America. In 146 surveys spanning 20 Latin American countries, we find that trust in police is weakly and negatively correlated with socioeconomic status ---a fact that neither regional nor subject-matter experts anticipated. By way of explanation, we propose that rich people everywhere are more likely to interpret everyday experiences as signals about the police. Because bad experiences like crime victimization and bribe solicitation are more common in Latin America relative to the US, rich people's tendency to interpret poor security outcomes as signals of police (un)trustworthiness should lead to a lower trust-SES gradient. In our account, cross-country differences in the trust-SES gradient are driven not by differences in how people update but rather by cross-country differences in policing outcomes, together with universal class-based differences in people's readiness to see the world around them as a signal about police.
- 일반주제명
- Political science
- 일반주제명
- Law enforcement
- 일반주제명
- Criminology
- 키워드
- Crime
- 키워드
- Latin America
- 기타저자
- New York University Politics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798342710121
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a320
■1001 ▼aTorreblanca Becerra Acosta, Carolina Alejandra.
■24510▼aThe Political Economy of Crime and Its Punishment: Evidence From Latin America
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bNew York University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a211 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Slough, Tara.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2024.
■520 ▼aThe three essays in this dissertation contribute theoretical insights and novel empirical evidence from Latin America that speak to the question of how arbitrary violence ---whether at the hands of state agents or criminals--- affects citizens' political beliefs and behavior.Chapter 2: Causal Inference with Heterogeneous Treatment Probabilities: Applications to Crime Victimization. Causal identification-oriented research often tests whether a cause can affect an outcome by targeting average treatment effects (ATEs). Yet, ATEs might speak little to how a cause affects an outcome in non-experimental settings. I show that when the probability of treatment is heterogeneous, ATEs and the average treatment effect on the treated (ATTs) can greatly diverge and even take opposing signs. I revisit canonical findings on the consequences of criminal victimization in Latin America. Work targeting the ATE shows that victims become more politically engaged. However, criminological research suggests that vulnerability to crime covaries in individuals' politics. I use a principal-strata framework, incorporating stratum-specific treatment probabilities, to characterize the set of ATEs and ATTs consistent with survey data measuring political participation and personal victimization. Results show individuals who participate less after victimization are at a greater risk of becoming victims, leading to less victimization-spurred participation in the continent. Findings emphasize the importance of the probability of receiving treatment as a quantity of interest for researchers.Chapter 3: The Political Consequences of ``Source Country'' Operations: Evidence from Crop Eradication in Mexico. When crafting law enforcement policy, drug-producing ---or ``source''--- countries must adjudicate between domestic security priorities and international pressure to curb drug supply. What are the political consequences of prioritizing supply reduction? I analyze the case of illicit crop eradication in Mexico, where the army destroys thousands of fields yearly. While fundamental for ensuring conditional US aid, residents of crop-growing communities understand eradication as an unjust federal policy. I argue that residents negatively update on the trustworthiness of law enforcement after eradication and are discouraged from attempting to change federal policy through electoral means, decreasing turnout. To test, I construct a novel eradication measure using the universe of satellite-detected illicit fields. Using exogenous variation in location and timing, I show eradication depresses turnout in federal elections and trust in the army. Supply reduction might come at the cost of eroding trust in law enforcement and undermining domestic accountability in source countries.Chapter 4: Class and the Development of Trust in Police in Latin America --- (co-authored with Tara Slough.) In the United States, trust in police is positively correlated with socioeconomic status. We show that this is not the case in Latin America. In 146 surveys spanning 20 Latin American countries, we find that trust in police is weakly and negatively correlated with socioeconomic status ---a fact that neither regional nor subject-matter experts anticipated. By way of explanation, we propose that rich people everywhere are more likely to interpret everyday experiences as signals about the police. Because bad experiences like crime victimization and bribe solicitation are more common in Latin America relative to the US, rich people's tendency to interpret poor security outcomes as signals of police (un)trustworthiness should lead to a lower trust-SES gradient. In our account, cross-country differences in the trust-SES gradient are driven not by differences in how people update but rather by cross-country differences in policing outcomes, together with universal class-based differences in people's readiness to see the world around them as a signal about police.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0146.
■650 4▼aPolitical science
■650 4▼aLaw enforcement
■650 4▼aCriminology
■653 ▼aCrime
■653 ▼aLatin America
■653 ▼aAverage treatment effect
■690 ▼a0615
■690 ▼a0206
■690 ▼a0627
■71020▼aNew York University▼bPolitics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-04A.
■790 ▼a0146
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163061▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


