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From the Lab to the Field: Exploring the Interplay of Literacy, Socioeconomic Status, and the Use of Multiple Linguistic Cues on Predictive Processing During Spoken Language Comprehension
From the Lab to the Field: Exploring the Interplay of Literacy, Socioeconomic Status, and ...
From the Lab to the Field: Exploring the Interplay of Literacy, Socioeconomic Status, and the Use of Multiple Linguistic Cues on Predictive Processing During Spoken Language Comprehension

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153003
ISBN  
9798346389873
DDC  
343.09
저자명  
Velez-Aviles, Jessica.
서명/저자  
From the Lab to the Field: Exploring the Interplay of Literacy, Socioeconomic Status, and the Use of Multiple Linguistic Cues on Predictive Processing During Spoken Language Comprehension
발행사항  
[Sl] : The Pennsylvania State University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
254 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-05, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Migliaccio-Dussias, Paola.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약In two visual world eye-tracking experiments, this dissertation examines the role of literacy on predictive processing during spoken language comprehension. Previous studies have shown that comprehenders can use morphosyntactic cues available in the input to generate predictions about upcoming information. Recent key findings also suggest that prediction is modulated by markers of language skill such as literacy (e.g., Favier et al., 2021; Kukona et al., 2016; Mishra et al., 2012). A consistent finding in the literature is that high literacy individuals predict target information earlier than participants with low literacy levels. However, prior work has not consistently controlled for socioeconomic status (SES), an important confounding variable related to a vast array of outcomes across the lifespan, including lower educational achievement and poorer cognitive, language, and memory development (Hackman et al., 2010; Fernald et al., 2013; Morgan, 2009). Thus, the advantage in predictive processing reported in past studies for higher literacy individuals may be due to SES-related disparities and not to literacy skill per se. This dissertation investigated the role of literacy on predictive processing during spoken language comprehension with adults with varying levels of literacy who also belong to the same SES. Participants were native speakers of a vernacular variety of Spanish spoken in San Basilio de Palenque, a small Afro-Colombian village that offers a unique opportunity to keep socioeconomic status constant while varying participants' literacy skill. The village faces many economic difficulties that impede social mobility and sources of employment are limited, especially those that could provide better living conditions. As a result, Palenqueros (the residents of San Basilio de Palenque) are from low SES and live in what would be considered substandard living conditions. Experiment 1 tested whether speakers differentially use grammatical gender information encoded in Spanish articles to anticipate upcoming nouns, and whether this ability was modulated by literacy skill. Higher and lower literacy individuals saw two-picture visual displays in which items matched or did not match in grammatical gender. Participants' eye movements were recorded while they listened to Spanish sentences in which target items were preceded by a feminine or masculine article that agreed in gender with both pictures in the visual scene or with one of the pictures (e.g., EncuentralaFEM/elMASC... 'Find the'). The data were analyzed by comparing the proportion of eye fixations on target objects in each condition. The results showed that higher and lower literacy speakers looked sooner at the target item on different-gender trials than on same-gender trials, replicating results from previous studies with monolingual Spanish speakers (e.g., Lew-Williams & Fernald, 2007). Crucially, both participant groups predictively looked at the upcoming target object at the earliest possible moment, suggesting that high but also low literacy individuals were able to engage in predictive processing. Experiment 2 examined the time course of predictive processing by analyzing whether speakers differentially use semantic cues presented alongside grammatical gender (morphosyntactic) information to anticipate upcoming nouns, and whether this predictive ability is modulated by literacy skill. A subset of the participants who took part in Experiment 1saw four-picture visual displays in which items were edible or not. Participants' eye movements were recorded while they listened to Spanish sentences in which target items were preceded by: (1) a semantically constraining or non-constraining verb (e.g., comer 'eat' vs. comprar 'buy'), (2) a semantically constraining partitive phrase (e.g., un pedazo de 'a piece of'), and (3) a feminine or masculine determiner that agreed in gender with both pictures in the visual scene or with one of the pictures(Mi hermana probo/A mi hermana se le cayo un trocito de eseMASC pescadoMASC/esaFEM manzanaFEM('My sister tasted/dropped a piece of that fish/apple'). Each of these segments offered cues to identify the correct target. The data were analyzed by comparing the proportion of eye fixations on target objects in each condition. The results showed that both higher and lower literacy individuals engaged in anticipatory eye movements at each segment, underscoring the robustness of predictive processing across literacy levels. Overall, the results provide converging evidence for the predictive processing abilities among speakers of varying levels of literacy. The results indicate that higher and lower literacy participants are sensitive to cues in the input that provide information toward a target object. Taken together, the findings from this dissertation suggest that the role of literacy on predictive processing is far from straightforward. Under conditions where SES is carefully controlled and multiple cues support comprehenders' predictions, the impact of literacy becomes nuanced.
일반주제명  
Violations
일반주제명  
Socioeconomic factors
일반주제명  
Memory
일반주제명  
Brain research
일반주제명  
Gender
일반주제명  
Older people
일반주제명  
Socioeconomic status
일반주제명  
Eye movements
일반주제명  
Listening
일반주제명  
Linguistics
일반주제명  
Surveillance
일반주제명  
Reading
일반주제명  
Semantics
일반주제명  
Literacy
일반주제명  
Aging
일반주제명  
Gerontology
일반주제명  
Logic
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Sociology
기타저자  
The Pennsylvania State University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-05B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aVelez-Aviles,  Jessica.
■24510▼aFrom  the  Lab  to  the  Field:  Exploring  the  Interplay  of  Literacy,  Socioeconomic  Status,  and  the  Use  of  Multiple  Linguistic  Cues  on  Predictive  Processing  During  Spoken  Language  Comprehension
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  Pennsylvania  State  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a254  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-05,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Migliaccio-Dussias,  Paola.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  Pennsylvania  State  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aIn  two  visual  world  eye-tracking  experiments,  this  dissertation  examines  the  role  of  literacy  on  predictive  processing  during  spoken  language  comprehension.  Previous  studies  have  shown  that  comprehenders  can  use  morphosyntactic  cues  available  in  the  input  to  generate  predictions  about  upcoming  information.  Recent  key  findings  also  suggest  that  prediction  is  modulated  by  markers  of  language  skill  such  as  literacy  (e.g.,  Favier  et  al.,  2021;  Kukona  et  al.,  2016;  Mishra  et  al.,  2012).  A  consistent  finding  in  the  literature  is  that  high  literacy  individuals  predict  target  information  earlier  than  participants  with  low  literacy  levels.  However,  prior  work  has  not  consistently  controlled  for  socioeconomic  status  (SES),  an  important  confounding  variable  related  to  a  vast  array  of  outcomes  across  the  lifespan,  including  lower  educational  achievement  and  poorer  cognitive,  language,  and  memory  development  (Hackman  et  al.,  2010;  Fernald  et  al.,  2013;  Morgan,  2009).  Thus,  the  advantage  in  predictive  processing  reported  in  past  studies  for  higher  literacy  individuals  may  be  due  to  SES-related  disparities  and  not  to  literacy  skill  per  se.  This  dissertation  investigated  the  role  of  literacy  on  predictive  processing  during  spoken  language  comprehension  with  adults  with  varying  levels  of  literacy  who  also  belong  to  the  same  SES.  Participants  were  native  speakers  of  a  vernacular  variety  of  Spanish  spoken  in  San  Basilio  de  Palenque,  a  small  Afro-Colombian  village  that  offers  a  unique  opportunity  to  keep  socioeconomic  status  constant  while  varying  participants'  literacy  skill.  The  village  faces  many  economic  difficulties  that  impede  social  mobility  and  sources  of  employment  are  limited,  especially  those  that  could  provide  better  living  conditions.  As  a  result,  Palenqueros  (the  residents  of  San  Basilio  de  Palenque)  are  from  low  SES  and  live  in  what  would  be  considered  substandard  living  conditions.  Experiment  1  tested  whether  speakers  differentially  use  grammatical  gender  information  encoded  in  Spanish  articles  to  anticipate  upcoming  nouns,  and  whether  this  ability  was  modulated  by  literacy  skill.  Higher  and  lower  literacy  individuals  saw  two-picture  visual  displays  in  which  items  matched  or  did  not  match  in  grammatical  gender.  Participants'  eye  movements  were  recorded  while  they  listened  to  Spanish  sentences  in  which  target  items  were  preceded  by  a  feminine  or  masculine  article  that  agreed  in  gender  with  both  pictures  in  the  visual  scene  or  with  one  of  the  pictures  (e.g.,  EncuentralaFEM/elMASC...  'Find  the').  The  data  were  analyzed  by  comparing  the  proportion  of  eye  fixations  on  target  objects  in  each  condition.  The  results  showed  that  higher  and  lower  literacy  speakers  looked  sooner  at  the  target  item  on  different-gender  trials  than  on  same-gender  trials,  replicating  results  from  previous  studies  with  monolingual  Spanish  speakers  (e.g.,  Lew-Williams  &  Fernald,  2007).  Crucially,  both  participant  groups  predictively  looked  at  the  upcoming  target  object  at  the  earliest  possible  moment,  suggesting  that  high  but  also  low  literacy  individuals  were  able  to  engage  in  predictive  processing.  Experiment  2  examined  the  time  course  of  predictive  processing  by  analyzing  whether  speakers  differentially  use  semantic  cues  presented  alongside  grammatical  gender  (morphosyntactic)  information  to  anticipate  upcoming  nouns,  and  whether  this  predictive  ability  is  modulated  by  literacy  skill.  A  subset  of  the  participants  who  took  part  in  Experiment  1saw  four-picture  visual  displays  in  which  items  were  edible  or  not.  Participants'  eye  movements  were  recorded  while  they  listened  to  Spanish  sentences  in  which  target  items  were  preceded  by:  (1)  a  semantically  constraining  or  non-constraining  verb  (e.g.,  comer  'eat'  vs.  comprar  'buy'),  (2)  a  semantically  constraining  partitive  phrase  (e.g.,  un  pedazo  de  'a  piece  of'),  and  (3)  a  feminine  or  masculine  determiner  that  agreed  in  gender  with  both  pictures  in  the  visual  scene  or  with  one  of  the  pictures(Mi  hermana  probo/A  mi  hermana  se  le  cayo  un  trocito  de  eseMASC  pescadoMASC/esaFEM  manzanaFEM('My  sister  tasted/dropped  a  piece  of  that  fish/apple').  Each  of  these  segments  offered  cues  to  identify  the  correct  target.  The  data  were  analyzed  by  comparing  the  proportion  of  eye  fixations  on  target  objects  in  each  condition.  The  results  showed  that  both  higher  and  lower  literacy  individuals  engaged  in  anticipatory  eye  movements  at  each  segment,  underscoring  the  robustness  of  predictive  processing  across  literacy  levels.  Overall,  the  results  provide  converging  evidence  for  the  predictive  processing  abilities  among  speakers  of  varying  levels  of  literacy.  The  results  indicate  that  higher  and  lower  literacy  participants  are  sensitive  to  cues  in  the  input  that  provide  information  toward  a  target  object.  Taken  together,  the  findings  from  this  dissertation  suggest  that  the  role  of  literacy  on  predictive  processing  is  far  from  straightforward.  Under  conditions  where  SES  is  carefully  controlled  and  multiple  cues  support  comprehenders'  predictions,  the  impact  of  literacy  becomes  nuanced.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0176.
■650  4▼aViolations
■650  4▼aSocioeconomic  factors
■650  4▼aMemory
■650  4▼aBrain  research
■650  4▼aGender
■650  4▼aOlder  people
■650  4▼aSocioeconomic  status
■650  4▼aEye  movements
■650  4▼aListening
■650  4▼aLinguistics
■650  4▼aSurveillance
■650  4▼aReading
■650  4▼aSemantics
■650  4▼aLiteracy
■650  4▼aAging
■650  4▼aGerontology
■650  4▼aLogic
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aSociology
■690    ▼a0290
■690    ▼a0493
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0351
■690    ▼a0395
■690    ▼a0317
■690    ▼a0626
■71020▼aThe  Pennsylvania  State  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-05B.
■790    ▼a0176
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164447▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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