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Essays in Urban and Labor Economics
Essays in Urban and Labor Economics
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211151123
- ISBN
- 9798382835051
- DDC
- 658
- 저자명
- Kenney, Jeanna.
- 서명/저자
- Essays in Urban and Labor Economics
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Pennsylvania, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 187 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Ferreira, Fernando.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약In the first chapter of this dissertation, I estimate the trade-off between quality and concentration due to occupational licensing and the resulting consequences for market efficiency in the real estate industry. I exploit a policy reform in Texas in 2012 which provides quasi-exogenous variation in the entry cost that real estate salespeople face in order to become brokers. Using a novel dataset of the universe of licensees in a number of states matched with property listing data, I compare counties in Texas with counties in other states in a synthetic difference-in-difference estimation. The reform generates an unintended short-term increase in entry, leading to a 12% increase in the stock of brokers in the average county, before broker supply is restricted in the long term. The increased barrier does not increase broker quality, while market concentration persistently decreases due to the unintended entry effect, suggesting minimal benefits to consumers of restricting entry. However, efficiency, i.e., average broker listing volume, decreases due to entry. I additionally find that costlier licensing leads to a smaller share of entering female and Hispanic brokers. The second chapter studies the impact of agents (e.g., real estate agents, lawyers, etc.) on the propensity of men versus women to utilize aggressive strategies in negotiation. Using a bargaining game, we find that, absent agents, men make more aggressive demands than women. Introducing agents who negotiate on behalf of their clients entirely closes this gender gap. Belief elicitations suggest that agents do not anticipate that men will reward agents for adopting more aggressive negotiation strategies. Finally, the third chapter investigates the role of labor union bargaining power as a determinant of public pension financing. Using a newly updated database of state-level collective bargaining laws, I exploit variation by state, time, and union occupation to test whether legalizing collective bargaining affects the components of pension revenues and expenditures. Evidence from a triple difference design, finds that collective bargaining laws fail to have a significant impact on plan financing components. Event study evidence also shows that pension financing progresses similarly for employees who eventually get collective bargaining and those who do not.
- 일반주제명
- Finance
- 일반주제명
- Public policy
- 키워드
- Housing
- 키워드
- Negotiations
- 키워드
- Public pensions
- 키워드
- Real estate
- 키워드
- Urban economics
- 기타저자
- University of Pennsylvania Applied Economics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520250211151123
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798382835051
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31146747
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a658
■1001 ▼aKenney, Jeanna.
■24510▼aEssays in Urban and Labor Economics
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Pennsylvania▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a187 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Ferreira, Fernando.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 2024.
■520 ▼aIn the first chapter of this dissertation, I estimate the trade-off between quality and concentration due to occupational licensing and the resulting consequences for market efficiency in the real estate industry. I exploit a policy reform in Texas in 2012 which provides quasi-exogenous variation in the entry cost that real estate salespeople face in order to become brokers. Using a novel dataset of the universe of licensees in a number of states matched with property listing data, I compare counties in Texas with counties in other states in a synthetic difference-in-difference estimation. The reform generates an unintended short-term increase in entry, leading to a 12% increase in the stock of brokers in the average county, before broker supply is restricted in the long term. The increased barrier does not increase broker quality, while market concentration persistently decreases due to the unintended entry effect, suggesting minimal benefits to consumers of restricting entry. However, efficiency, i.e., average broker listing volume, decreases due to entry. I additionally find that costlier licensing leads to a smaller share of entering female and Hispanic brokers. The second chapter studies the impact of agents (e.g., real estate agents, lawyers, etc.) on the propensity of men versus women to utilize aggressive strategies in negotiation. Using a bargaining game, we find that, absent agents, men make more aggressive demands than women. Introducing agents who negotiate on behalf of their clients entirely closes this gender gap. Belief elicitations suggest that agents do not anticipate that men will reward agents for adopting more aggressive negotiation strategies. Finally, the third chapter investigates the role of labor union bargaining power as a determinant of public pension financing. Using a newly updated database of state-level collective bargaining laws, I exploit variation by state, time, and union occupation to test whether legalizing collective bargaining affects the components of pension revenues and expenditures. Evidence from a triple difference design, finds that collective bargaining laws fail to have a significant impact on plan financing components. Event study evidence also shows that pension financing progresses similarly for employees who eventually get collective bargaining and those who do not.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0175.
■650 4▼aFinance
■650 4▼aPublic policy
■653 ▼aBehavioral economics
■653 ▼aHousing
■653 ▼aNegotiations
■653 ▼aPublic pensions
■653 ▼aReal estate
■653 ▼aUrban economics
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0510
■690 ▼a0508
■690 ▼a0630
■71020▼aUniversity of Pennsylvania▼bApplied Economics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-12A.
■790 ▼a0175
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160828▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


