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Essays in Political Economy
Essays in Political Economy
Essays in Political Economy

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152748
ISBN  
9798342109291
DDC  
328.1
저자명  
Gustafson, Carl Marvin.
서명/저자  
Essays in Political Economy
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
121 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hall, Andy.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The following dissertation consists of three papers, bound by a common motivating question: what factors determine candidate support in US elections? In the first paper, an empirical study, I examine whether the economic enfranchisement of an historically disadvantaged group begets their future political success. In the second paper, I use a theoretical model to identify the conditions under which two electoral systems differ in their ability to deliver victory to a majority group. In the third paper, I outline a theory of partisan identification with a spatial voting model and conduct an impact evaluation to determine how platform change by one party leads to realignment among certain segments of the electorate. These papers combine state-of-the-art tools from game theory and causal inference in their investigation of the above question, and my findings carry important implications for the design of political institutions and economic policy.Rosie the Representative,presented in chapter 2, takes an historical political economy approach. Did the mass enfranchisement of women into the workplace during the Second World War yield lasting political gains? I study women running as candidates for US House seats in the postwar era and, after controlling for a host of possible confounders, I find that district-level wartime spending positively predicts their electoral performance. In general elections, women now receive higher vote shares and are more likely to win seats in places where the WPB distributed particularly generous supply contracts in the early 1940's. These effects are driven almost entirely by women who run as Democrats, and effects are much stronger in Democratic primaries than they are in Republican primaries. Group membership and partisan identity interact to predict electoral success.Are Majoritarian Runoffs Majoritarian?, presented in chapter 3, keeps an emphasis on the role of group membership in determining candidate performance. When a district is composed of two groups, a majority and a minority, what type of electoral system produces the greatest ex antechance of victory for a majoritarian candidate? Research and conventional wisdom alike suggest that majoritarian runoffs should beat plurality rule in this regard, since a second round allows the majority to coordinate on one candidate even after two candidates split the vote in the first round. I find that this logic does not always hold; my theoretical model demonstrates that plurality rule can strictly improve upon majoritarian runoffs in its equilibrium probability of majority group victory. The ability of a group to elect its candidate depends, sometimes in counterintuitive ways, on the electoral system used to elect candidates.Welfare Reform and Partisan Realignment,presented in chapter 4, considers how a major party's platform change shuffles the composition of voter coalitions and affects the electoral performance of its candidates. Did welfare reform, signed into law in 1996 by a Democratic president, represent a change in economic policy significant enough to realign voters from certain groups? My spatial voting model shows that a move toward the economic center by the Democratic party would have realigned two groups on the margin: wealthy, socioculturally liberal "cosmopolitans" and poor, socioculturally conservative "populists.".
일반주제명  
Political representation
일반주제명  
Democracy
일반주제명  
Elections
일반주제명  
Industrial engineering
일반주제명  
Political science
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

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■1001  ▼aGustafson,  Carl  Marvin.
■24510▼aEssays  in  Political  Economy
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a121  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Hall,  Andy.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  following  dissertation  consists  of  three  papers,  bound  by  a  common  motivating  question:  what  factors  determine  candidate  support  in  US  elections?  In  the  first  paper,  an  empirical  study,  I  examine  whether  the  economic  enfranchisement  of  an  historically  disadvantaged  group  begets  their  future  political  success.  In  the  second  paper,  I  use  a  theoretical  model  to  identify  the  conditions  under  which  two  electoral  systems  differ  in  their  ability  to  deliver  victory  to  a  majority  group.  In  the  third  paper,  I  outline  a  theory  of  partisan  identification  with  a  spatial  voting  model  and  conduct  an  impact  evaluation  to  determine  how  platform  change  by  one  party  leads  to  realignment  among  certain  segments  of  the  electorate.  These  papers  combine  state-of-the-art  tools  from  game  theory  and  causal  inference  in  their  investigation  of  the  above  question,  and  my  findings  carry  important  implications  for  the  design  of  political  institutions  and  economic  policy.Rosie  the  Representative,presented  in  chapter  2,  takes  an  historical  political  economy  approach.  Did  the  mass  enfranchisement  of  women  into  the  workplace  during  the  Second  World  War  yield  lasting  political  gains?  I  study  women  running  as  candidates  for  US  House  seats  in  the  postwar  era  and,  after  controlling  for  a  host  of  possible  confounders,  I  find  that  district-level  wartime  spending  positively  predicts  their  electoral  performance.  In  general  elections,  women  now  receive  higher  vote  shares  and  are  more  likely  to  win  seats  in  places  where  the  WPB  distributed  particularly  generous  supply  contracts  in  the  early  1940's.  These  effects  are  driven  almost  entirely  by  women  who  run  as  Democrats,  and  effects  are  much  stronger  in  Democratic  primaries  than  they  are  in  Republican  primaries.  Group  membership  and  partisan  identity  interact  to  predict  electoral  success.Are  Majoritarian  Runoffs  Majoritarian?,  presented  in  chapter  3,  keeps  an  emphasis  on  the  role  of  group  membership  in  determining  candidate  performance.  When  a  district  is  composed  of  two  groups,  a  majority  and  a  minority,  what  type  of  electoral  system  produces  the  greatest  ex  antechance  of  victory  for  a  majoritarian  candidate?  Research  and  conventional  wisdom  alike  suggest  that  majoritarian  runoffs  should  beat  plurality  rule  in  this  regard,  since  a  second  round  allows  the  majority  to  coordinate  on  one  candidate  even  after  two  candidates  split  the  vote  in  the  first  round.  I  find  that  this  logic  does  not  always  hold;  my  theoretical  model  demonstrates  that  plurality  rule  can  strictly  improve  upon  majoritarian  runoffs  in  its  equilibrium  probability  of  majority  group  victory.  The  ability  of  a  group  to  elect  its  candidate  depends,  sometimes  in  counterintuitive  ways,  on  the  electoral  system  used  to  elect  candidates.Welfare  Reform  and  Partisan  Realignment,presented  in  chapter  4,  considers  how  a  major  party's  platform  change  shuffles  the  composition  of  voter  coalitions  and  affects  the  electoral  performance  of  its  candidates.  Did  welfare  reform,  signed  into  law  in  1996  by  a  Democratic  president,  represent  a  change  in  economic  policy  significant  enough  to  realign  voters  from  certain  groups?  My  spatial  voting  model  shows  that  a  move  toward  the  economic  center  by  the  Democratic  party  would  have  realigned  two  groups  on  the  margin:  wealthy,  socioculturally  liberal  "cosmopolitans"  and  poor,  socioculturally  conservative  "populists.".
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■650  4▼aPolitical  representation
■650  4▼aDemocracy
■650  4▼aElections
■650  4▼aIndustrial  engineering
■650  4▼aPolitical  science
■690    ▼a0546
■690    ▼a0615
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04A.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163747▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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