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Combinatorial Protein Engineering to Identify Improved CRISPR Activators
Combinatorial Protein Engineering to Identify Improved CRISPR Activators
Combinatorial Protein Engineering to Identify Improved CRISPR Activators

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153147
ISBN  
9798342709248
DDC  
574
저자명  
Giddins, Marla.
서명/저자  
Combinatorial Protein Engineering to Identify Improved CRISPR Activators
발행사항  
[Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
158 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Chavez, Alejandro.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Laboratory-engineered proteins such as high-fidelity DNA polymerases, CRISPR base and prime editors, and chimeric antigen receptors have transformed our ability to probe and manipulate biological systems. To craft these powerful tools, researchers fuse multiple domains into novel chimeras intended to retain the functional properties of their constituent parts. Although this approach has produced a number of important technologies, its low-throughout nature and high costs thwart efforts to explore complex combinatorial landscapes and limit our grasp on the "rules" governing synthetic protein assembly (e.g., which domains work best together, which domain orders are optimal, benefits of fusing multiple copies of the same domain, etc.).Previous state-of-the-art CRISPR activators, including the tripartite activator, VP64-P65- RTA (VPR) and the Synergistic Activation Mediator (SAM), have established the benefit of combining multiple activation domains (ADs) into a single complex for improved transcriptional modulation. While VPR and SAM have proven relatively successful in both in vitro and in vivo applications, neither activator shows uniform activity across targets and cell types. Furthermore, reports that these tools produce toxicity within cellular systems limit their utility in broad-ranging applications. To probe a vast combinatorial landscape of multi-domain CRISPR activators while bypassing the arduous task of generating each construct one one-by-one, we developed a strategy for constructing large combinatorial libraries of protein variants en masse and used this method to functionally evaluate a library of 15,000 CRISPR activators. Importantly, we conduct our screen on multiple target genes to identify tools with consistent performance across the genome.Our findings bring to light a critical yet often overlooked feature of CRISPR activators: toxicity. This work not only highlights the prevalence of this problem but also elucidates several biological factors that contribute to it. Our observation that many high-performing activators elicited minimal effects on cell fitness challenges the notion that toxicity is an inevitable byproduct of a potent activation - and suggests that this model greatly oversimplifies the nuanced relationship between these traits. We also explored how the biochemical properties of ADs (e.g., hydrophobicity and intrinsic disorder) and their combinatorial interactions drive activator performance. Finally, we identified two potent activators, MHV and MMH, that show enhanced activity across diverse targets and cell types over one of the gold-standard CRISPR activators, SAM. Our results underscore the power of high-throughput techniques for both improving our understanding of complex protein assemblies and identifying more powerful tools.
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Bioengineering
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
일반주제명  
Genetics
키워드  
CRISPR
키워드  
Protein engineering
키워드  
Transcriptional regulation
키워드  
Activation domains
키워드  
Target genes
기타저자  
Columbia University Microbiology Immunology and Infection
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aGiddins,  Marla.
■24510▼aCombinatorial  Protein  Engineering  to  Identify  Improved  CRISPR  Activators
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
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■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Chavez,  Alejandro.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Columbia  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aLaboratory-engineered  proteins  such  as  high-fidelity  DNA  polymerases,  CRISPR  base  and  prime  editors,  and  chimeric  antigen  receptors  have  transformed  our  ability  to  probe  and  manipulate  biological  systems.  To  craft  these  powerful  tools,  researchers  fuse  multiple  domains  into  novel  chimeras  intended  to  retain  the  functional  properties  of  their  constituent  parts.  Although  this  approach  has  produced  a  number  of  important  technologies,  its  low-throughout  nature  and  high  costs  thwart  efforts  to  explore  complex  combinatorial  landscapes  and  limit  our  grasp  on  the  "rules"  governing  synthetic  protein  assembly  (e.g.,  which  domains  work  best  together,  which  domain  orders  are  optimal,  benefits  of  fusing  multiple  copies  of  the  same  domain,  etc.).Previous  state-of-the-art  CRISPR  activators,  including  the  tripartite  activator,  VP64-P65-  RTA  (VPR)  and  the  Synergistic  Activation  Mediator  (SAM),  have  established  the  benefit  of  combining  multiple  activation  domains  (ADs)  into  a  single  complex  for  improved  transcriptional  modulation.  While  VPR  and  SAM  have  proven  relatively  successful  in  both  in  vitro  and  in  vivo  applications,  neither  activator  shows  uniform  activity  across  targets  and  cell  types.  Furthermore,  reports  that  these  tools  produce  toxicity  within  cellular  systems  limit  their  utility  in  broad-ranging  applications. To  probe  a  vast  combinatorial  landscape  of  multi-domain  CRISPR  activators  while  bypassing  the  arduous  task  of  generating  each  construct  one  one-by-one,  we  developed  a  strategy  for  constructing  large  combinatorial  libraries  of  protein  variants  en  masse  and  used  this  method  to functionally  evaluate  a  library  of  15,000  CRISPR  activators.  Importantly,  we  conduct  our  screen  on  multiple  target  genes  to  identify  tools  with  consistent  performance  across  the  genome.Our  findings  bring  to  light  a  critical  yet  often  overlooked  feature  of  CRISPR  activators:  toxicity.  This  work  not  only  highlights  the  prevalence  of  this  problem  but  also  elucidates  several  biological  factors  that  contribute  to  it.  Our  observation  that  many  high-performing  activators  elicited  minimal  effects  on  cell  fitness  challenges  the  notion  that  toxicity  is  an  inevitable  byproduct  of  a  potent  activation  -  and  suggests  that  this  model  greatly  oversimplifies  the  nuanced  relationship  between  these  traits.  We  also  explored  how  the  biochemical  properties  of  ADs  (e.g.,  hydrophobicity  and  intrinsic  disorder)  and  their  combinatorial  interactions  drive  activator  performance.  Finally,  we  identified  two  potent  activators,  MHV  and  MMH,  that  show  enhanced  activity  across  diverse  targets  and  cell  types  over  one  of  the  gold-standard  CRISPR  activators,  SAM.  Our  results  underscore  the  power  of  high-throughput  techniques  for  both  improving  our  understanding  of  complex  protein  assemblies  and  identifying  more  powerful  tools.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0054.
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aBioengineering
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■650  4▼aGenetics
■653    ▼aCRISPR
■653    ▼aProtein  engineering
■653    ▼aTranscriptional  regulation
■653    ▼aActivation  domains
■653    ▼aTarget  genes  
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■690    ▼a0202
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■71020▼aColumbia  University▼bMicrobiology,  Immunology  and  Infection.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
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■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17165195▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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