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Understanding the Role of RNA-Binding Proteins in Regulating Autophagy During Nutrient Limitation
Understanding the Role of RNA-Binding Proteins in Regulating Autophagy During Nutrient Lim...
Understanding the Role of RNA-Binding Proteins in Regulating Autophagy During Nutrient Limitation

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153013
ISBN  
9798384045090
DDC  
574
저자명  
Metur, Shree Padma.
서명/저자  
Understanding the Role of RNA-Binding Proteins in Regulating Autophagy During Nutrient Limitation
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
223 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Klionsky, Daniel J.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved, eukaryotic, highly regulated cellular degradative process that removes superfluous cytoplasmic components and damaged organelles in either non-selective or selective manner. Autophagy occurs at the basal level in almost all cells to ensure homeostatic removal of cytoplasmic components, however, it is significantly upregulated in response to stressful conditions such as nutrient starvation. For the appropriate induction and execution of the process, the coordinated function of several autophagy proteins is required. However, during nutrient starvation, global translation is downregulated to conserve essential metabolic reserves such as nucleotides and amino acids. Therefore, an important question arises, how does the cell selectively upregulate the translation of autophagy related (ATG) genes in response to nutrient starvation?Protein synthesis is controlled by post-transcriptional mechanisms influenced by RNA-binding proteins. The localization, stability and translational efficiency is controlled by RNA-binding proteins that target specific mRNAs. In order the understand the mechanisms of posttranscriptional control of autophagy, in this dissertation, I focus on ATG1 mRNA that encodes for an important kinase required for autophagy induction, Atg1. I ask if there are specific protein marks that prime ATG1 transcript for translation during nitrogen starvation.Towards this, in Chapter 2, I develop an in vitro assay using labeled mRNA to specifically identify RNA-binding proteins that bind to ATG1 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs). Through this method, I identify Npl3 and Pub1 as positive regulators of autophagy that targets 5' and 3' UTR of ATG1 respectively. Further analyses into the role of Npl3 and Pub1 revealed that Npl3 "imprints" ATG1 transcript with Pub1 in the nucleus. Pub1, subsequently, facilitates export of ATG1 transcript to the cytoplasm and recruits translational factors and ribosome components to enhance translation of Atg1. Intriguingly, in non-small cell lung cancer cells, the mammalian homolog pf Pub1, TIA1, regulates the expression of ULK1, the mammalian counterpart of Atg1, at the post-transcriptional level, thereby positively upregulating autophagy.In Chapter 3, I explore the differential regulation of autophagy in yeast in response to two different nutrient states: nitrogen starvation and amino acid starvation. I discover that the differential regulation occurs at the level of post-transcriptional regulation of the ATG1 transcript. Utilizing the approach developed in Chapter 2, I discovered that Ded1 is a nutrient responsive regulator of ATG1 regulation. Further investigation revealed that its upstream kinase Rad53 selectively enhances ATG1 and Ded1 interaction to facilitate the translational upregulation of Atg1. Additionally, I demonstrate that ULK1 undergoes similar post-transcriptional regulation by DDX3, the mammalian homolog of Ded1, highlighting the conservation of this regulatory mechanism.In summary, this dissertation, uncovers novel post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of autophagy. I develop a high-throughput methodology to identify RNA-binding proteins that specifically bind to a transcript, especially ATG1. I identify novel and conserved regulators of autophagy, Npl3 and Pub1. Finally, this dissertation expands the repertoire of autophagy regulators with potential clinical benefit.
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Biochemistry
일반주제명  
Developmental biology
키워드  
Autophagy
키워드  
Translational regulation
키워드  
RNA binding proteins
키워드  
Messenger RNA
키워드  
Nutrient
기타저자  
University of Michigan Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aMetur,  Shree  Padma.
■24510▼aUnderstanding  the  Role  of  RNA-Binding  Proteins  in  Regulating  Autophagy  During  Nutrient  Limitation
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a223  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Klionsky,  Daniel  J.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aMacroautophagy/autophagy  is  a  conserved,  eukaryotic,  highly  regulated  cellular  degradative  process  that  removes  superfluous  cytoplasmic  components  and  damaged  organelles  in  either  non-selective  or  selective  manner.  Autophagy  occurs  at  the  basal  level  in  almost  all  cells  to  ensure  homeostatic  removal  of  cytoplasmic  components,  however,  it  is  significantly  upregulated  in  response  to  stressful  conditions  such  as  nutrient  starvation.  For  the  appropriate  induction  and  execution  of  the  process,  the  coordinated  function  of  several  autophagy  proteins  is  required.  However,  during  nutrient  starvation,  global  translation  is  downregulated  to  conserve  essential  metabolic  reserves  such  as  nucleotides  and  amino  acids.  Therefore,  an  important  question  arises,  how  does  the  cell  selectively  upregulate  the  translation  of  autophagy  related  (ATG)  genes  in  response  to  nutrient  starvation?Protein  synthesis  is  controlled  by  post-transcriptional  mechanisms  influenced  by  RNA-binding  proteins.  The  localization,  stability  and  translational  efficiency  is  controlled  by  RNA-binding  proteins  that  target  specific  mRNAs.  In  order  the  understand  the  mechanisms  of  posttranscriptional  control  of  autophagy,  in  this  dissertation,  I  focus  on  ATG1  mRNA  that  encodes  for  an  important  kinase  required  for  autophagy  induction,  Atg1.  I  ask  if  there  are  specific  protein  marks  that  prime  ATG1  transcript  for  translation  during  nitrogen  starvation.Towards  this,  in  Chapter  2,  I  develop  an  in  vitro  assay  using  labeled  mRNA  to  specifically  identify  RNA-binding  proteins  that  bind  to  ATG1  5'  and  3'  untranslated  regions  (UTRs).  Through  this  method,  I  identify  Npl3  and  Pub1  as  positive  regulators  of  autophagy  that targets  5'  and  3'  UTR  of  ATG1  respectively.  Further  analyses  into  the  role  of  Npl3  and  Pub1  revealed  that  Npl3  "imprints"  ATG1  transcript  with  Pub1  in  the  nucleus.  Pub1,  subsequently,  facilitates  export  of  ATG1  transcript  to  the  cytoplasm  and  recruits  translational  factors  and  ribosome  components  to  enhance  translation  of  Atg1.  Intriguingly,  in  non-small  cell  lung  cancer  cells,  the  mammalian  homolog  pf  Pub1,  TIA1,  regulates  the  expression  of  ULK1,  the  mammalian  counterpart  of  Atg1,  at  the  post-transcriptional  level,  thereby  positively  upregulating  autophagy.In  Chapter  3,  I  explore  the  differential  regulation  of  autophagy  in  yeast  in  response  to  two  different  nutrient  states:  nitrogen  starvation  and  amino  acid  starvation.  I  discover  that  the  differential  regulation  occurs  at  the  level  of  post-transcriptional  regulation  of  the  ATG1  transcript.  Utilizing  the  approach  developed  in  Chapter  2,  I  discovered  that  Ded1  is  a  nutrient  responsive  regulator  of  ATG1  regulation.  Further  investigation  revealed  that  its  upstream  kinase  Rad53  selectively  enhances  ATG1  and  Ded1  interaction  to  facilitate  the  translational  upregulation  of  Atg1.  Additionally,  I  demonstrate  that  ULK1  undergoes  similar  post-transcriptional  regulation  by  DDX3,  the  mammalian  homolog  of  Ded1,  highlighting  the  conservation  of  this  regulatory  mechanism.In  summary,  this  dissertation,  uncovers  novel  post-transcriptional  regulatory  mechanisms  of  autophagy.  I  develop  a  high-throughput  methodology  to  identify  RNA-binding  proteins  that  specifically  bind  to  a  transcript,  especially  ATG1.  I  identify  novel  and  conserved  regulators  of  autophagy,  Npl3  and  Pub1.  Finally,  this  dissertation  expands  the  repertoire  of  autophagy  regulators  with  potential  clinical  benefit.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aBiochemistry
■650  4▼aDevelopmental  biology
■653    ▼aAutophagy
■653    ▼aTranslational  regulation
■653    ▼aRNA  binding  proteins
■653    ▼aMessenger  RNA
■653    ▼aNutrient
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0487
■690    ▼a0758
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bMolecular,  Cellular,  and  Developmental  Biology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164522▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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