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Evaluating Prediction-Based Theories of Bilingual Comprehension of Spanish/English Codeswitches
Evaluating Prediction-Based Theories of Bilingual Comprehension of Spanish/English Codeswi...
Evaluating Prediction-Based Theories of Bilingual Comprehension of Spanish/English Codeswitches

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211153014
ISBN  
9798384045625
DDC  
150
저자명  
Vernooij, Natasha.
서명/저자  
Evaluating Prediction-Based Theories of Bilingual Comprehension of Spanish/English Codeswitches
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Michigan, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
156 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Boland, Julie E.;Lewis, Richard L.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Michigan, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation investigates how bilinguals use their two grammars to comprehend written intra-sentential codeswitches. I focus on adjective/noun constructions in Spanish and English where I manipulate the congruence of grammatical word order in the two languages across the codeswitch boundary. This allows me to test three codeswitching frameworks, the established Matrix Language Framework (Myers-Scotton, 2002) and two new frameworks that I propose, both of which integrate incremental predictions into their accounts of bilingual comprehension: the Current Word Hypothesis and the Surprisal Codeswitching Hypothesis. Each of the three frameworks propose that bilinguals use different types of information to predict upcoming language. The Matrix Language Framework proposes that bilinguals use the predominant language of the sentence to predict the upcoming word order of a sentence. The Current Word Hypothesis proposes that bilinguals use the language and grammatical category of the current word to predict the grammatical category of an upcoming word. The Surprisal Codeswitching Hypothesis proposes that bilinguals use the entire left context to predict upcoming words. Before testing the codeswitching frameworks, I identified which types of Spanish adjectives (pre-nominal; post-nominal; change: adjectives that change meaning based on their position; or no change: adjectives that do not change meaning based on their position) maximize the grammatical difference between Spanish and English. In an offline rating task, Spanish/English bilinguals preferred post-nominal and no change adjectives in the post-nominal position, and these were used in subsequent experimental stimuli. I then investigated bilingual processing of determiner/noun codeswitches where Spanish and English have the same word order and adjective/noun codeswitches where Spanish and English have different word orders in a stop-making-sense task. I established the task's viability for evaluating codeswitch comprehension and the predictions of the Matrix Language Framework and the Current Word Hypothesis. I then tested the two frameworks against each other in the same task and found overwhelming support for the Current Word Hypothesis. Finally, I compared surprisal as computed by GPT-3 to the human stop-making-sense data to evaluate if the Surprisal Codeswitching Hypothesis, Current Word Hypothesis, or Matrix Language Framework provide the best account for human codeswitch comprehension. Overall, I found support for codeswitching frameworks that include incremental predictions, though the Surprisal Codeswitching Hypothesis does not subsume the Current Word Hypothesis. Further, I evaluated the extent to which multilingual large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3 can be used as a mental model for bilingual comprehension of codeswitches and found that LLMs can account for codeswitch effects but cannot fully account for the effects of other experimentally manipulated variables.In sum, this dissertation presents five main contributions: 1) I advance two new theoretical frameworks for understanding bilingual codeswitch comprehension, the Current Word Hypothesis and the Surprisal Codeswitching Hypothesis; 2) I validated the use of the stop-making-sense task on multilingual stimuli; 3) I found evidence that bilinguals flexibly switch between their mental grammars on a word-by-word basis; 4) I evaluated the viability of using multilingual LLMs as a mental model for bilingual comprehension of codeswitches; and 5) I found that while GPT-3 surprisal is a strong predictor of human responses to codeswitched sentences, the Surprisal Codeswitching Hypothesis provides an incomplete account of bilingual processing of codeswitches. Instead, bilinguals can flexibly switch grammars on a word-by-word basis.
일반주제명  
Psychology
일반주제명  
Linguistics
일반주제명  
Cognitive psychology
일반주제명  
Language
키워드  
Codeswitching
키워드  
Incremental predictions
키워드  
Large language models
키워드  
Surprisal Codeswitching Hypothesis
키워드  
Theory comparison
키워드  
Spanish/English bilinguals
기타저자  
University of Michigan Psychology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aVernooij,  Natasha.
■24510▼aEvaluating  Prediction-Based  Theories  of  Bilingual  Comprehension  of  Spanish/English  Codeswitches
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Michigan▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a156  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Boland,  Julie  E.;Lewis,  Richard  L.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Michigan,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  investigates  how  bilinguals  use  their  two  grammars  to  comprehend  written  intra-sentential  codeswitches.  I  focus  on  adjective/noun  constructions  in  Spanish  and  English  where  I  manipulate  the  congruence  of  grammatical  word  order  in  the  two  languages  across  the  codeswitch  boundary.  This  allows  me  to  test  three  codeswitching  frameworks,  the  established  Matrix  Language  Framework  (Myers-Scotton,  2002)  and  two  new  frameworks  that  I  propose,  both  of  which  integrate  incremental  predictions  into  their  accounts  of  bilingual  comprehension:  the  Current  Word  Hypothesis  and  the  Surprisal  Codeswitching  Hypothesis.  Each  of  the  three  frameworks  propose  that  bilinguals  use  different  types  of  information  to  predict  upcoming  language.  The  Matrix  Language  Framework  proposes  that  bilinguals  use  the  predominant  language  of  the  sentence  to  predict  the  upcoming  word  order  of  a  sentence.  The  Current  Word  Hypothesis  proposes  that  bilinguals  use  the  language  and  grammatical  category  of  the  current  word  to  predict  the  grammatical  category  of  an  upcoming  word.  The  Surprisal  Codeswitching  Hypothesis  proposes  that  bilinguals  use  the  entire  left  context  to  predict  upcoming  words. Before  testing  the  codeswitching  frameworks,  I  identified  which  types  of  Spanish  adjectives  (pre-nominal;  post-nominal;  change:  adjectives  that  change  meaning  based  on  their  position;  or  no  change:  adjectives  that  do  not  change  meaning  based  on  their  position)  maximize  the  grammatical  difference  between  Spanish  and  English.  In  an  offline  rating  task,  Spanish/English  bilinguals  preferred  post-nominal  and  no  change  adjectives  in  the  post-nominal  position,  and  these  were  used  in  subsequent  experimental  stimuli.  I  then  investigated  bilingual  processing  of  determiner/noun  codeswitches  where  Spanish  and  English  have  the  same  word  order  and  adjective/noun  codeswitches  where  Spanish  and  English  have  different  word  orders  in  a  stop-making-sense  task.  I  established  the  task's  viability  for  evaluating  codeswitch  comprehension  and  the  predictions  of  the  Matrix  Language  Framework  and  the  Current  Word  Hypothesis.  I  then  tested  the  two  frameworks  against  each  other  in  the  same  task  and  found  overwhelming  support  for  the  Current  Word  Hypothesis.  Finally,  I  compared  surprisal  as computed  by  GPT-3  to  the  human  stop-making-sense  data  to  evaluate  if  the  Surprisal  Codeswitching  Hypothesis,  Current  Word  Hypothesis,  or  Matrix  Language  Framework  provide  the  best  account  for  human  codeswitch  comprehension.  Overall,  I  found  support  for  codeswitching  frameworks  that  include  incremental  predictions,  though  the  Surprisal  Codeswitching  Hypothesis  does  not  subsume  the  Current  Word  Hypothesis.  Further,  I  evaluated  the  extent  to  which  multilingual  large  language  models  (LLMs)  such  as  GPT-3  can  be  used  as  a  mental  model  for  bilingual  comprehension  of  codeswitches  and  found  that  LLMs  can  account  for  codeswitch  effects  but  cannot  fully  account  for  the  effects  of  other  experimentally  manipulated  variables.In  sum,  this  dissertation  presents  five  main  contributions:  1)  I  advance  two  new  theoretical  frameworks  for  understanding  bilingual  codeswitch  comprehension,  the  Current  Word  Hypothesis  and  the  Surprisal  Codeswitching  Hypothesis;  2)  I  validated  the  use  of  the  stop-making-sense  task  on  multilingual  stimuli;  3)  I  found  evidence  that  bilinguals  flexibly  switch  between  their  mental  grammars  on  a  word-by-word  basis;  4)  I  evaluated  the  viability  of  using  multilingual  LLMs  as  a  mental  model  for  bilingual  comprehension  of  codeswitches;  and  5)  I  found  that  while  GPT-3  surprisal  is  a  strong  predictor  of  human  responses  to  codeswitched  sentences,  the  Surprisal  Codeswitching  Hypothesis  provides  an  incomplete  account  of  bilingual  processing  of  codeswitches.  Instead,  bilinguals  can  flexibly  switch  grammars  on  a  word-by-word  basis.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0127.
■650  4▼aPsychology
■650  4▼aLinguistics
■650  4▼aCognitive  psychology
■650  4▼aLanguage
■653    ▼aCodeswitching
■653    ▼aIncremental  predictions
■653    ▼aLarge  language  models
■653    ▼aSurprisal  Codeswitching  Hypothesis
■653    ▼aTheory  comparison
■653    ▼aSpanish/English  bilinguals
■690    ▼a0621
■690    ▼a0633
■690    ▼a0290
■690    ▼a0679
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Michigan▼bPsychology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
■790    ▼a0127
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17164537▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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