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Three Essays in Applied Microeconomics and Behavioral Economics
Three Essays in Applied Microeconomics and Behavioral Economics
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211152004
- ISBN
- 9798383234808
- DDC
- 310
- 서명/저자
- Three Essays in Applied Microeconomics and Behavioral Economics
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Columbia University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 205 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Almond, Douglas.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This thesis consists of three chapters. The first chapter examines the impact of judicial discretion and left-digit bias on criminal sentencing outcomes. Judicial discretion allows judges to make nuanced decisions, taking into account details of legal cases that are not directly covered by law. However, judicial discretion can also expose behavioral biases and lead to irrational decision-making. I test for the existence of a particular behavioral bias: age-based left-digit bias. Specifically, I use a regression discontinuity design to test for changes in sentencing decisions occurring on an offenders 20th birthday using data on sentencing decisions from the state of Pennsylvania. I find that an offender sentenced just after his/her 20th birthday is 3.5 percentage points more likely to be sentenced to incarceration than an offender sentenced just before his/her 20th birthday. I test for evidence of conscious mechanisms underlying this effect and find no such evidence, leaving an unconscious bias as the best available explanation.Chapter two examines the impact of highly publicized police killings of black individuals on the racial gap in birth outcomes. Police killings of Black Americans are increasingly being met with significant media coverage and public response, including civil unrest. Given the frequency with which these events occur, it is vital to understand both their direct and indirect impacts. Using national birth certificate data and an event study design, I test for the impact of high-profile police-involved killings of Black Americans on racial disparities in maternal stress levels and birth outcomes. I find a large, statistically significant, and persistent increase in gestational hypertension of Black mothers relative to White mothers, strongly indicating an increase in the racial gap in maternal stress following these high-profile killings. I find limited evidence of an accompanying effect on the racial gap in birth outcomes. However, many existing papers similarly find no impacts of maternal stress on birth outcomes while simultaneously finding significant impact on later-life outcomes, leaving room for additional future work based on these findings.How does the content of public communication by elected representatives change in response to highly salient, politically polarizing events? I examine this question using the text of tweets from members of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, an \uD835\uDC5B-gram text regression model and sentiment analysis algorithms, and an event study design focused on mass shootings in the U.S. Observable effects on communication are concentrated on the day of and the day following a mass shooting. Republican members of Congress exhibit a reduced tweet frequency relative to Democratic members of Congress in the immediate aftermath of a shooting, while Democratic members of Congress speak with a more clearly differentiated Democratic vocabulary. Members from both parties speak with a more negative vocabulary. With Republicans collectively disengaging and Democrats collectively highlighting their partisan identification, this may suggest that Democrats are taking advantage of an opportunity for a political and/or policy win while Republicans in the same period are choosing to avoid additional political and/or policy losses.
- 일반주제명
- Statistics
- 일반주제명
- Sociology
- 일반주제명
- Political science
- 키워드
- Crime economics
- 키워드
- Health economics
- 키워드
- Microeconomics
- 키워드
- Race
- 기타저자
- Columbia University Economics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520250211152004
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798383234808
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31330307
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a310
■1001 ▼aCampbell, Zakary.
■24510▼aThree Essays in Applied Microeconomics and Behavioral Economics
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bColumbia University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a205 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Almond, Douglas.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Columbia University, 2024.
■520 ▼aThis thesis consists of three chapters. The first chapter examines the impact of judicial discretion and left-digit bias on criminal sentencing outcomes. Judicial discretion allows judges to make nuanced decisions, taking into account details of legal cases that are not directly covered by law. However, judicial discretion can also expose behavioral biases and lead to irrational decision-making. I test for the existence of a particular behavioral bias: age-based left-digit bias. Specifically, I use a regression discontinuity design to test for changes in sentencing decisions occurring on an offenders 20th birthday using data on sentencing decisions from the state of Pennsylvania. I find that an offender sentenced just after his/her 20th birthday is 3.5 percentage points more likely to be sentenced to incarceration than an offender sentenced just before his/her 20th birthday. I test for evidence of conscious mechanisms underlying this effect and find no such evidence, leaving an unconscious bias as the best available explanation.Chapter two examines the impact of highly publicized police killings of black individuals on the racial gap in birth outcomes. Police killings of Black Americans are increasingly being met with significant media coverage and public response, including civil unrest. Given the frequency with which these events occur, it is vital to understand both their direct and indirect impacts. Using national birth certificate data and an event study design, I test for the impact of high-profile police-involved killings of Black Americans on racial disparities in maternal stress levels and birth outcomes. I find a large, statistically significant, and persistent increase in gestational hypertension of Black mothers relative to White mothers, strongly indicating an increase in the racial gap in maternal stress following these high-profile killings. I find limited evidence of an accompanying effect on the racial gap in birth outcomes. However, many existing papers similarly find no impacts of maternal stress on birth outcomes while simultaneously finding significant impact on later-life outcomes, leaving room for additional future work based on these findings.How does the content of public communication by elected representatives change in response to highly salient, politically polarizing events? I examine this question using the text of tweets from members of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, an \uD835\uDC5B-gram text regression model and sentiment analysis algorithms, and an event study design focused on mass shootings in the U.S. Observable effects on communication are concentrated on the day of and the day following a mass shooting. Republican members of Congress exhibit a reduced tweet frequency relative to Democratic members of Congress in the immediate aftermath of a shooting, while Democratic members of Congress speak with a more clearly differentiated Democratic vocabulary. Members from both parties speak with a more negative vocabulary. With Republicans collectively disengaging and Democrats collectively highlighting their partisan identification, this may suggest that Democrats are taking advantage of an opportunity for a political and/or policy win while Republicans in the same period are choosing to avoid additional political and/or policy losses.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0054.
■650 4▼aStatistics
■650 4▼aSociology
■650 4▼aPolitical science
■653 ▼aBehavioral economics
■653 ▼aCrime economics
■653 ▼aHealth economics
■653 ▼aMicroeconomics
■653 ▼aPolitical economy
■653 ▼aRace
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0626
■690 ▼a0615
■690 ▼a0463
■71020▼aColumbia University▼bEconomics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-01B.
■790 ▼a0054
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162373▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
