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Reshaping Urban Transportation With Micromobility
Reshaping Urban Transportation With Micromobility
Reshaping Urban Transportation With Micromobility

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152756
ISBN  
9798383728383
DDC  
385
저자명  
Fan, Zhufeng.
서명/저자  
Reshaping Urban Transportation With Micromobility
발행사항  
[Sl] : Carnegie Mellon University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
163 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Harper, Corey.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Carnegie Mellon University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Micromobility (e.g., bikes and e-scooters) has become a vital component in modern cities in recent years, representing significant opportunities to reshape urban transportation systems. This dissertation develops methods and frameworks to estimate the impacts, improve equity, and improve operations of micromobility modes in urban areas. Three research questions are answered in this dissertation: 1) What are the upper bound potential for micromobility to replace short vehicle trips in an urban area and the resulting impacts to traffic congestion and environments; 2) How do transportation planner preferences for satisfying equity and demand objectives affect bike share station siting decisions; 3) What extra information can social media data provide for bikeshare demand predictions.Chapter 2 investigates the effects of micromobility to replace short private vehicles trips (0-3 miles). This study uses Seattle as a case study and estimates that up to 18% of short car trips could be replaced by micromobility. A static traffic assignment model is developed to simulate and compare the results of peak hour traffic under a base case scenario (2014 traffic conditions) to scenarios where a portion of short car trips are substituted by micromobility. Results indicate that micromobility could reduce congestion on heavily congested corridors and wide-scale bike lane deployment can maximize congestion benefits, but the impacts to energy use and emissions are disproportionately low and other measures (e.g., vehicle electrification) are needed to meet climate change emissions targets.Chapter 3 explores the design and equity implications of bike share systems. Shared bikes represent a significant opportunity to improve transit accessibility but have issues with low-density and inequitable distribution of services, typically in low-income areas. This study develops a method to estimate public transit service supply within a region with micromobility using bus schedule and bike station location data. A bi-objective optimization model is developed and applied to Pittsburgh, PA to illuminate how stakeholder preferences towards equity (i.e., improving mobility access for disadvantaged communities) impacts the design of docked bike share systems. Results indicate that bike share systems can significantly improve public transit accessibility within a region, particularly in neighborhoods that have bike stations deployed. Emphasizing equity enables disadvantaged communities to have greater access to public transit, while balancing equity and demand can help bridge transportation disparities among population groups.Chapter 4 examines the potential of social media data to bikeshare demand predictions, using the bikeshare program in Pittsburgh as a case study. Numerical feature representations are extracted from Twitter messages using state-of-the-art large language models and follow up with a time-series regressor for demand prediction. Although sentiment features extracted from Twitter messages marginally improve prediction performance, the usability of text embeddings of Twitter data is limited due to noise and irrelevance compared to traditional data sources. Finetuning large language models can reduce the gap between social media features and actual demand, but future discovery is still needed to maximize the overall utilization of social media data in micromobility research.This dissertation deepens the understanding of micromobility modes and assists policymakers in more effectively incorporating micromobility into urban transportation systems. Together with advancements in other transportation modes, micromobility is aspired to improve the overall quality of urban life by enhancing accessibility, equity, and convenience in urban transportation in the future.
일반주제명  
Transportation
일반주제명  
Urban planning
일반주제명  
Environmental engineering
키워드  
Equity
키워드  
Micromobility
키워드  
Urban transportation systems
키워드  
Traffic congestion
기타저자  
Carnegie Mellon University Civil and Environmental Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aFan,  Zhufeng.
■24510▼aReshaping  Urban  Transportation  With  Micromobility
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCarnegie  Mellon  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a163  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Harper,  Corey.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Carnegie  Mellon  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aMicromobility  (e.g.,  bikes  and  e-scooters)  has  become  a  vital  component  in  modern  cities  in  recent  years,  representing  significant  opportunities  to  reshape  urban  transportation  systems.  This  dissertation  develops  methods  and  frameworks  to  estimate  the  impacts,  improve  equity,  and  improve  operations  of  micromobility  modes  in  urban  areas.  Three  research  questions  are  answered  in  this  dissertation:  1)  What  are  the  upper  bound  potential  for  micromobility  to  replace  short  vehicle  trips  in  an  urban  area  and  the  resulting  impacts  to  traffic  congestion  and  environments;  2)  How  do  transportation  planner  preferences  for  satisfying  equity  and  demand  objectives  affect  bike  share  station  siting  decisions;  3)  What  extra  information  can  social  media  data  provide  for  bikeshare  demand  predictions.Chapter  2  investigates  the  effects  of  micromobility  to  replace  short  private  vehicles  trips  (0-3  miles).  This  study  uses  Seattle  as  a  case  study  and  estimates  that  up  to  18%  of  short  car  trips  could  be  replaced  by  micromobility.  A  static  traffic  assignment  model  is  developed  to  simulate  and  compare  the  results  of  peak  hour  traffic  under  a  base  case  scenario  (2014  traffic  conditions)  to  scenarios  where  a  portion  of  short  car  trips  are  substituted  by  micromobility.  Results  indicate  that  micromobility  could  reduce  congestion  on  heavily  congested  corridors  and  wide-scale  bike  lane  deployment  can  maximize  congestion  benefits,  but  the  impacts  to  energy  use  and  emissions  are  disproportionately  low  and  other  measures  (e.g.,  vehicle  electrification)  are  needed  to  meet  climate  change  emissions  targets.Chapter  3  explores  the  design  and  equity  implications  of  bike  share  systems.  Shared  bikes  represent  a  significant  opportunity  to  improve  transit  accessibility  but  have  issues  with  low-density  and  inequitable  distribution  of  services,  typically  in  low-income  areas.  This  study  develops  a  method  to  estimate  public  transit  service  supply  within  a  region  with  micromobility  using  bus  schedule  and  bike  station  location  data.  A  bi-objective  optimization  model  is  developed  and  applied  to  Pittsburgh,  PA  to  illuminate  how  stakeholder  preferences  towards  equity  (i.e.,  improving  mobility  access  for  disadvantaged  communities)  impacts  the  design  of  docked  bike  share  systems.  Results  indicate  that  bike  share  systems  can  significantly  improve  public  transit  accessibility  within  a  region,  particularly  in  neighborhoods  that  have  bike  stations  deployed.  Emphasizing  equity  enables  disadvantaged  communities  to  have  greater  access  to  public  transit,  while  balancing  equity  and  demand  can  help  bridge  transportation  disparities  among  population  groups.Chapter  4  examines  the  potential  of  social  media  data  to  bikeshare  demand  predictions,  using  the  bikeshare  program  in  Pittsburgh  as  a  case  study.  Numerical  feature  representations  are  extracted  from  Twitter  messages  using  state-of-the-art  large  language  models  and  follow  up  with  a  time-series  regressor  for  demand  prediction.  Although  sentiment  features  extracted  from  Twitter  messages  marginally  improve  prediction  performance,  the  usability  of  text  embeddings  of  Twitter  data  is  limited  due  to  noise  and  irrelevance  compared  to  traditional  data  sources.  Finetuning  large  language  models  can  reduce  the  gap  between  social  media  features  and  actual  demand,  but  future  discovery  is  still  needed  to  maximize  the  overall  utilization  of  social  media  data  in  micromobility  research.This  dissertation  deepens  the  understanding  of  micromobility  modes  and  assists  policymakers  in  more  effectively  incorporating  micromobility  into  urban  transportation  systems.  Together  with  advancements  in  other  transportation  modes,  micromobility  is  aspired  to  improve  the  overall  quality  of  urban  life  by  enhancing  accessibility,  equity,  and  convenience  in  urban  transportation  in  the  future.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0041.
■650  4▼aTransportation
■650  4▼aUrban  planning
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  engineering
■653    ▼aEquity
■653    ▼aMicromobility
■653    ▼aUrban  transportation  systems
■653    ▼aTraffic  congestion
■690    ▼a0543
■690    ▼a0709
■690    ▼a0775
■690    ▼a0999
■71020▼aCarnegie  Mellon  University▼bCivil  and  Environmental  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02B.
■790    ▼a0041
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163810▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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