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Developing Metabolism-Targeting Adjuvants to Immunotherapy in Murine Melanoma
Developing Metabolism-Targeting Adjuvants to Immunotherapy in Murine Melanoma
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211150943
- ISBN
- 9798383566695
- DDC
- 574
- 저자명
- Zhang, Xinyi.
- 서명/저자
- Developing Metabolism-Targeting Adjuvants to Immunotherapy in Murine Melanoma
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Yale University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 194 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Perry, Rachel.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer type, causing 8000 deaths per year in the United States. The development of immunotherapy significantly prolongs the survival of cancer patients, including patients with melanoma. By impairing the inhibitory signaling pathway, immunotherapy, for example anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, reinforces the anti-tumor effector function of T cells that recognize cancer cells and therefore suppresses tumor progression. However, the problem of low responsiveness and development of resistance significantly prevents a large proportion of patients from benefiting from immunotherapy. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop adjuvants to increase the efficacy of immunotherapy. Metabolic alterations have long been identified as a key regulator in tumor progression as well as immune cell function and therefore studied as a therapeutic target to control tumor growth. Previous studies have shown that T cell activation and function is regulated by metabolic conditions within the microenvironment. Although unlike other cancer types, for instance breast cancer and colon cancer, melanoma is not considered as obesity-associated cancer, which leads to limited response to metabolic treatments both in vivo and in vitro, some recent clinical observations of higher anti-PD-1 immunotherapy efficacy in melanoma patients with obesity suggest a correlation between metabolism and T cell reinforcement in melanoma. Revealing the underlying mechanism may shed new light to the development of adjuvants to increase immunotherapy efficacy. Therefore, in this dissertation, we focused on metabolism-targeting therapeutics and re-targeting them to cancer treatments. We first compared endogenous metabolic patterns between two murine melanoma models with distinct immunogenicity, the ability to elicit anti-tumor immune response, and identified different glucose and glutamine metabolic preferences. This results also indicate the impact of nutrient availability within tumor microenvironment on both inhibitory signals produced by tumor cells and the effector function of infiltrated immune cells. We then identified thiazolidinedione (TZD), an FDA-approved drug for diabetes that increases insulin sensitivity and alters fatty acid metabolism, as an immunotherapy enhancer in murine melanoma model. We found that by reducing inhibitory PD-1 expression either directly or indirectly via reduced insulin and increased NEFA content in tumor tissue, TZD promotes the reinforcement of anti-tumor immune cells. We also surprisingly discovered the effect of dichloroacetate (DCA), a small molecule glucose oxidation enhancer, on relieving cancer-related fatigue, which is, to our knowledge, the first pharmaceutical treatment targeting this condition. We showed that DCA preserves both physical performance of muscle tissue and motivation for movement by reducing circulating lactate concentration, in addition to a potential effect on reducing oxidative stress in muscle tissue. Eventually, we conducted literature review about cancer-related fatigue and its potential metabolic causes, majorly focusing on obesity and insulin resistance, providing new potential therapeutic targets for cancer complication control. In sum, this dissertation studied the metabolic effect on anti-tumor immune cells in murine melanoma models and developed metabolism-targeting adjuvants to current treatments, revealing new therapeutic approaches to both reduce tumor growth and relieve cancer-related fatigue.
- 일반주제명
- Biology
- 키워드
- Cancer
- 키워드
- Immunotherapy
- 키워드
- Melanoma
- 키워드
- Metabolism
- 기타저자
- Yale University Cellular and Molecular Physiology
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■020 ▼a9798383566695
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI30992132
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a574
■1001 ▼aZhang, Xinyi.
■24510▼aDeveloping Metabolism-Targeting Adjuvants to Immunotherapy in Murine Melanoma
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bYale University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a194 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Perry, Rachel.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2024.
■520 ▼aMelanoma is the deadliest skin cancer type, causing 8000 deaths per year in the United States. The development of immunotherapy significantly prolongs the survival of cancer patients, including patients with melanoma. By impairing the inhibitory signaling pathway, immunotherapy, for example anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, reinforces the anti-tumor effector function of T cells that recognize cancer cells and therefore suppresses tumor progression. However, the problem of low responsiveness and development of resistance significantly prevents a large proportion of patients from benefiting from immunotherapy. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop adjuvants to increase the efficacy of immunotherapy. Metabolic alterations have long been identified as a key regulator in tumor progression as well as immune cell function and therefore studied as a therapeutic target to control tumor growth. Previous studies have shown that T cell activation and function is regulated by metabolic conditions within the microenvironment. Although unlike other cancer types, for instance breast cancer and colon cancer, melanoma is not considered as obesity-associated cancer, which leads to limited response to metabolic treatments both in vivo and in vitro, some recent clinical observations of higher anti-PD-1 immunotherapy efficacy in melanoma patients with obesity suggest a correlation between metabolism and T cell reinforcement in melanoma. Revealing the underlying mechanism may shed new light to the development of adjuvants to increase immunotherapy efficacy. Therefore, in this dissertation, we focused on metabolism-targeting therapeutics and re-targeting them to cancer treatments. We first compared endogenous metabolic patterns between two murine melanoma models with distinct immunogenicity, the ability to elicit anti-tumor immune response, and identified different glucose and glutamine metabolic preferences. This results also indicate the impact of nutrient availability within tumor microenvironment on both inhibitory signals produced by tumor cells and the effector function of infiltrated immune cells. We then identified thiazolidinedione (TZD), an FDA-approved drug for diabetes that increases insulin sensitivity and alters fatty acid metabolism, as an immunotherapy enhancer in murine melanoma model. We found that by reducing inhibitory PD-1 expression either directly or indirectly via reduced insulin and increased NEFA content in tumor tissue, TZD promotes the reinforcement of anti-tumor immune cells. We also surprisingly discovered the effect of dichloroacetate (DCA), a small molecule glucose oxidation enhancer, on relieving cancer-related fatigue, which is, to our knowledge, the first pharmaceutical treatment targeting this condition. We showed that DCA preserves both physical performance of muscle tissue and motivation for movement by reducing circulating lactate concentration, in addition to a potential effect on reducing oxidative stress in muscle tissue. Eventually, we conducted literature review about cancer-related fatigue and its potential metabolic causes, majorly focusing on obesity and insulin resistance, providing new potential therapeutic targets for cancer complication control. In sum, this dissertation studied the metabolic effect on anti-tumor immune cells in murine melanoma models and developed metabolism-targeting adjuvants to current treatments, revealing new therapeutic approaches to both reduce tumor growth and relieve cancer-related fatigue.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0265.
■650 4▼aBiology
■653 ▼aCancer
■653 ▼aCancer-related fatigue
■653 ▼aGlucose metabolism
■653 ▼aImmunotherapy
■653 ▼aMelanoma
■653 ▼aMetabolism
■690 ▼a0306
■71020▼aYale University▼bCellular and Molecular Physiology.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-01B.
■790 ▼a0265
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160254▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.
