본문

서브메뉴

Essays in Macroeconomics, Development, and Entrepreneurship
Essays in Macroeconomics, Development, and Entrepreneurship
Essays in Macroeconomics, Development, and Entrepreneurship

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151437
ISBN  
9798382542140
DDC  
378
저자명  
Loukas, Alexandros.
서명/저자  
Essays in Macroeconomics, Development, and Entrepreneurship
발행사항  
[Sl] : Washington University in St Louis, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
179 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Azariadis, Costas;Wang, Ping.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation consists of three chapters that contribute to the fields of macroeconomics, economic development, and entrepreneurship.In the first chapter, "Entrepreneurship Selection and Performance in the U.S. and Across Countries: The Role of Human Capital," I seek to establish a set of stylized facts related to entrepreneurship and human capital, the latter being proxied by years of formal education. Analyzing individual-level survey data from nearly 100 countries unveils new empirical facts: there is a strong positive link between the mean-adjusted rate of entrepreneurship for higher educated individuals and output per worker or estimated total factor productivity (TFP). Further focus on the U.S. economy, again at the micro level, reveals a non-linear and time-varying relationship between the rate of entrepreneurship and educational attainment exhibiting an asymmetric U-shape with its left branch declining over time. At the same time, higher education is strongly positively associated-not U-shaped-with numerous measures of business outcomes among active firm owners/managers. Conditioning on a rich set of socioeconomic and demographic observables, the robustness of these results is confirmed under proper repeated imputation inference.The second chapter, "Entrepreneurship, Human Capital, and the Allocation of Talent," raises new points of inquiry and attempts to enrich the discussion in the relevant literature. Is the allocation of human capital between entrepreneurs and workers a key determinant of aggregate productivity and income? How pervasive are its implications for macro-development? To organize the discourse on addressing these questions, I propose a versatile heterogeneous-agent model with occupational and educational choices, which is able to rationalize the empirical findings of Chapter 1 while remaining broadly consistent with aggregate and survey data. Under the hypothesis that entrepreneurial human capital may enhance productive capacities via costly technology adoption, the entrepreneurship-education nexus has first-order aggregate and distributional consequences. As new generations build skills through schooling and form expectations about their future labor market prospects, this mechanism also affects the accumulation of human capital economy-wide. Calibrating the model to the U.S. economy is successful in replicating a wide spectrum of targeted and non-targeted moments, thereby capturing salient features of micro and macro data. Quantitative explorations suggest sizeable and persistent losses in output and total factor productivity (TFP) across nations due to inadequate complementarity between idiosyncratic talent and human capital. This novel channel can often account for a major share of cross-country income differences vis-a-vis the U.S., as it drastically affects both factor accumulation and endogenous TFP formation.In the third chapter, "Sometimes Less is More: Growth, Risk Aversion, and the Suboptimality of Entrepreneurial Insurance" (joint work with Neville N. Jiang, Ping Wang, and Haibin Wu), we aim to address two major research questions. Is promoting entrepreneurship always conducive to long-run economic growth? To what extent should policymakers strive to insure entrepreneurial risk away? We study these questions by developing a tractable endogenous growth model with occupational choice, where individuals are heterogeneous in their risk attitude and entrepreneurial ability. Less risk-averse and sufficiently productive agents become entrepreneurs and contribute to growth by expanding product variety. More risk-averse and less productive agents become workers and foster growth by enhancing human and physical capital formation. As occupational choice induces an inverse association between risk tolerance and entrepreneurial talent at the margin, encouraging firm creation may hinder aggregate productivity. The interplay of these forces leads to a non-monotone relationship between the rates of entrepreneurship and balanced growth. A competitive equilibrium entails suboptimal allocations with either too few or too many active entrepreneurs, even in the absence of distortions or financial frictions. Insuring some entrepreneurial risk away is almost always growth-enhancing, but it is almost surely never optimal to provide full insurance. Calibrating the model to U.S. data reveals substantial output-side misallocation, with most of income growth and aggregate TFP losses stemming from the intensive margin due to the presence of risk aversion.
일반주제명  
Higher education
키워드  
Macroeconomics
키워드  
Total factor productivity
키워드  
Aggregate productivity
키워드  
Business outcomes
키워드  
Human capital
기타저자  
Washington University in St. Louis Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.

MARC

 008250123s2024        us                              c    eng  d
■001000017161734
■00520250211151437
■006m          o    d                
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020    ▼a9798382542140
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31295777
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a378
■1001  ▼aLoukas,  Alexandros.
■24510▼aEssays  in  Macroeconomics,  Development,  and  Entrepreneurship
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bWashington  University  in  St  Louis▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a179  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Azariadis,  Costas;Wang,  Ping.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Washington  University  in  St.  Louis,  2024.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  consists  of  three  chapters  that  contribute  to  the  fields  of  macroeconomics,  economic  development,  and  entrepreneurship.In  the  first  chapter,  "Entrepreneurship  Selection  and  Performance  in  the  U.S.  and  Across  Countries:  The  Role  of  Human  Capital,"  I  seek  to  establish  a  set  of  stylized  facts  related  to  entrepreneurship  and  human  capital,  the  latter  being  proxied  by  years  of  formal  education.  Analyzing  individual-level  survey  data  from  nearly  100  countries  unveils  new  empirical  facts:  there  is  a  strong  positive  link  between  the  mean-adjusted  rate  of  entrepreneurship  for  higher  educated  individuals  and  output  per  worker  or  estimated  total  factor  productivity  (TFP).  Further  focus  on  the  U.S.  economy,  again  at  the  micro  level,  reveals  a  non-linear  and  time-varying  relationship  between  the  rate  of  entrepreneurship  and  educational  attainment  exhibiting  an  asymmetric  U-shape  with  its  left  branch  declining  over  time.  At  the  same  time,  higher  education  is  strongly  positively  associated-not  U-shaped-with  numerous  measures  of  business  outcomes  among  active  firm  owners/managers.  Conditioning  on  a  rich  set  of  socioeconomic  and  demographic  observables,  the  robustness  of  these  results  is  confirmed  under  proper  repeated  imputation  inference.The  second  chapter,  "Entrepreneurship,  Human  Capital,  and  the  Allocation  of  Talent,"  raises  new  points  of  inquiry  and  attempts  to  enrich  the  discussion  in  the  relevant  literature.  Is  the  allocation  of  human  capital  between  entrepreneurs  and  workers  a  key  determinant  of  aggregate  productivity  and  income?  How  pervasive  are  its  implications  for  macro-development?  To  organize  the  discourse  on  addressing  these  questions,  I  propose  a  versatile  heterogeneous-agent  model  with  occupational  and  educational  choices,  which  is  able  to  rationalize  the  empirical  findings  of  Chapter  1  while  remaining  broadly  consistent  with  aggregate  and  survey  data.  Under  the  hypothesis  that  entrepreneurial  human  capital  may  enhance  productive  capacities  via  costly  technology  adoption,  the  entrepreneurship-education  nexus  has  first-order  aggregate  and  distributional  consequences.  As  new  generations  build  skills  through  schooling  and  form  expectations  about  their  future  labor  market  prospects,  this  mechanism  also  affects  the  accumulation  of  human  capital  economy-wide.  Calibrating  the  model  to  the  U.S.  economy  is  successful  in  replicating  a  wide  spectrum  of  targeted  and  non-targeted  moments,  thereby  capturing  salient  features  of  micro  and  macro  data.  Quantitative  explorations  suggest  sizeable  and  persistent  losses  in  output  and  total  factor  productivity  (TFP)  across  nations  due  to  inadequate  complementarity  between  idiosyncratic  talent  and  human  capital.  This  novel  channel  can  often  account  for  a  major  share  of  cross-country  income  differences  vis-a-vis  the  U.S.,  as  it  drastically  affects  both  factor  accumulation  and  endogenous  TFP  formation.In  the  third  chapter,  "Sometimes  Less  is  More:  Growth,  Risk  Aversion,  and  the  Suboptimality  of  Entrepreneurial  Insurance"  (joint  work  with  Neville  N.  Jiang,  Ping  Wang,  and  Haibin  Wu),  we  aim  to  address  two  major  research  questions.  Is  promoting  entrepreneurship  always  conducive  to  long-run  economic  growth?  To  what  extent  should  policymakers  strive  to  insure  entrepreneurial  risk  away?  We  study  these  questions  by  developing  a  tractable  endogenous  growth  model  with  occupational  choice,  where  individuals  are  heterogeneous  in  their  risk  attitude  and  entrepreneurial  ability.  Less  risk-averse  and  sufficiently  productive agents  become  entrepreneurs  and  contribute  to  growth  by  expanding  product  variety.  More  risk-averse  and  less  productive  agents  become  workers  and  foster  growth  by  enhancing  human  and  physical  capital  formation.  As  occupational  choice  induces  an  inverse  association  between  risk  tolerance  and  entrepreneurial  talent  at  the  margin,  encouraging  firm  creation  may  hinder  aggregate  productivity.  The  interplay  of  these  forces  leads  to  a  non-monotone  relationship  between  the  rates  of  entrepreneurship  and  balanced  growth.  A  competitive  equilibrium  entails  suboptimal  allocations  with  either  too  few  or  too  many  active  entrepreneurs,  even  in  the  absence  of  distortions  or  financial  frictions.  Insuring  some  entrepreneurial  risk  away  is  almost  always  growth-enhancing,  but  it  is  almost  surely  never  optimal  to  provide  full  insurance.  Calibrating  the  model  to  U.S.  data  reveals  substantial  output-side  misallocation,  with  most  of  income  growth  and  aggregate  TFP  losses  stemming  from  the  intensive  margin  due  to  the  presence  of  risk  aversion.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0252.
■650  4▼aHigher  education
■653    ▼aMacroeconomics
■653    ▼aTotal  factor  productivity  
■653    ▼aAggregate  productivity  
■653    ▼aBusiness  outcomes
■653    ▼aHuman  capital
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0745
■690    ▼a0429
■71020▼aWashington  University  in  St.  Louis▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11A.
■790    ▼a0252
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161734▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

미리보기

내보내기

chatGPT토론

Ai 추천 관련 도서


    신착도서 더보기
    최근 3년간 통계입니다.

    소장정보

    • 예약
    • 소재불명신고
    • 나의폴더
    • 우선정리요청
    • 비도서대출신청
    • 야간 도서대출신청
    소장자료
    등록번호 청구기호 소장처 대출가능여부 대출정보
    TF13743 전자도서 대출가능 마이폴더 부재도서신고 비도서대출신청 야간 도서대출신청

    * 대출중인 자료에 한하여 예약이 가능합니다. 예약을 원하시면 예약버튼을 클릭하십시오.

    해당 도서를 다른 이용자가 함께 대출한 도서

    관련 인기도서

    로그인 후 이용 가능합니다.