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Elucidation of an Essential Genetic Pathway Under Antibiotic Selection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Elucidation of an Essential Genetic Pathway Under Antibiotic Selection in Mycobacterium tu...
Elucidation of an Essential Genetic Pathway Under Antibiotic Selection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151443
ISBN  
9798382776347
DDC  
574
저자명  
Liu, Yue Jane.
서명/저자  
Elucidation of an Essential Genetic Pathway Under Antibiotic Selection in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
발행사항  
[Sl] : Harvard University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
153 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Fortune, Sarah M.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Tuberculosis remains the world's deadliest infectious disease caused by a single agent. Although tuberculosis is curable, treatment success is limited by our narrow understanding of genetic factors allowing its causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), to evade antibiotic clearance. Large-scale sequencing of clinical Mtb populations revealed ongoing selection on genetic variants that could confer fitness advantages in the presence of drug pressure. This unbiased approach allowed identification of genes with no previous link to drug resistance, including two essential genes dnaA and resR. Although initially investigated independently, DnaA and ResR share a common binding site at the Rv0010c-Rv0011c intergenic region (IGR) and this IGR itself is one of the highly mutated non-coding regions on Mtb genome. Clinical IGR variants overlap with DnaA and ResR binding sites and phenocopy dnaA and resR variants, revealing a genetic pathway under selection. Yet this genetic pathway and the function of Rv0010c-Rv0011c IGR remains uncharacterized.Isogenic variants in the Rv0010c-Rv0011c IGR phenocopy dnaA and resR variants, showing similar increases in cell length, antibiotic resilience, and low-level isoniazid resistance. We found that DnaA and ResR bind at neighboring sites in the most conserved regions of this IGR, which paradoxically are where more recent clinical mutations accumulate. Knockout of the entire the Rv0010c-Rv0011c operon, including its 155bp IGR, resulted in shorter cells with increased sensitivity to isoniazid. This defect can only be complemented with the entire operon, though this complementation does not require translation of the two coding genes. Complementation with the intact operon carrying clinically relevant IGR variants recapitulates isogenic variant phenotypes. Meanwhile, complementation with the intact operon carrying DnaA or ResR binding site deletions failed, highlighting the requirement of protein binding in its downstream function.To understand the functional consequence of protein binding, we used biochemical approaches and found that DnaA and ResR bind cooperatively at this IGR. Clinical IGR variants increase the binding affinity of two proteins and binding site deletions reduce their affinity. Using transcriptomics, we identified genes that are differentially expressed in strains with clinical IGR variants versus strains with binding site deletions to pinpoint transcriptional changes correlating with divergent phenotypes in these strains. These genes included whiB2 and its regulon of division related genes. Notably, the promoter of whiB2 is a known direct target of ResR and is also highly mutated in clinical Mtb populations. We propose a model where clinical variations sequester ResR through its interaction with DnaA at the Rv0010c-Rv0011c IGR. This sequestration reduces ResR's ability to activate division related genes and alter division dynamics, resulting in morphology and drug phenotypes.Together, the data in this dissertation provide functional insight into an essential and previously uncharacterized genetic pathway under selection in clinical Mtb populations. We propose that clinical mutations in this pathway alter dynamics of cell cycle events and contribute to changes in Mtb morphology and drug response. Understanding non-canonical drug determinants is critical to elucidate other mechanisms Mtb use to evade antibiotics killing and we hope to inspire future studies on intergenic regions and unknown genetic pathways to better understand Mtb biology and improve treatment design.
일반주제명  
Biology
일반주제명  
Microbiology
일반주제명  
Molecular biology
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Morphology
키워드  
Antibiotics
키워드  
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
키워드  
Transcriptomics
키워드  
Intergenic regions
키워드  
Drug resistance
기타저자  
Harvard University Medical Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aLiu,  Yue  Jane.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-7785-857X
■24510▼aElucidation  of  an  Essential  Genetic  Pathway  Under  Antibiotic  Selection  in  Mycobacterium  tuberculosis
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bHarvard  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a153  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Fortune,  Sarah  M.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Harvard  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aTuberculosis  remains  the  world's  deadliest  infectious  disease  caused  by  a  single  agent.  Although  tuberculosis  is  curable,  treatment  success  is  limited  by  our  narrow  understanding  of  genetic  factors  allowing  its  causative  agent,  Mycobacterium  tuberculosis  (Mtb),  to  evade  antibiotic  clearance.  Large-scale  sequencing  of  clinical  Mtb  populations  revealed  ongoing  selection  on  genetic  variants  that  could  confer  fitness  advantages  in  the  presence  of  drug  pressure.  This  unbiased  approach  allowed  identification  of  genes  with  no  previous  link  to  drug  resistance,  including  two  essential  genes  dnaA  and  resR.  Although  initially  investigated  independently,  DnaA  and  ResR  share  a  common  binding  site  at  the  Rv0010c-Rv0011c  intergenic  region  (IGR)  and  this  IGR  itself  is  one  of  the  highly  mutated  non-coding  regions  on  Mtb  genome.  Clinical  IGR  variants  overlap  with  DnaA  and  ResR  binding  sites  and  phenocopy  dnaA  and  resR  variants,  revealing  a  genetic  pathway  under  selection.  Yet  this  genetic  pathway  and  the  function  of  Rv0010c-Rv0011c  IGR  remains  uncharacterized.Isogenic  variants  in  the  Rv0010c-Rv0011c  IGR  phenocopy  dnaA  and  resR  variants,  showing  similar  increases  in  cell  length,  antibiotic  resilience,  and  low-level  isoniazid  resistance.  We  found  that  DnaA  and  ResR  bind  at  neighboring  sites  in  the  most  conserved  regions  of  this  IGR,  which  paradoxically  are  where  more  recent  clinical  mutations  accumulate.  Knockout  of  the  entire  the  Rv0010c-Rv0011c  operon,  including  its  155bp  IGR,  resulted  in  shorter  cells  with  increased  sensitivity  to  isoniazid.  This  defect  can  only  be  complemented  with  the  entire  operon,  though  this  complementation  does  not  require  translation  of  the  two  coding  genes.  Complementation  with  the  intact  operon  carrying  clinically  relevant  IGR  variants  recapitulates  isogenic  variant  phenotypes.  Meanwhile,  complementation  with  the  intact  operon  carrying  DnaA  or  ResR  binding  site  deletions  failed,  highlighting  the  requirement  of  protein  binding  in  its  downstream  function.To  understand  the  functional  consequence  of  protein  binding,  we  used  biochemical  approaches  and  found  that  DnaA  and  ResR  bind  cooperatively  at  this  IGR.  Clinical  IGR  variants  increase  the  binding  affinity  of  two  proteins  and  binding  site  deletions  reduce  their  affinity.  Using  transcriptomics,  we  identified  genes  that  are  differentially  expressed  in  strains  with  clinical  IGR  variants  versus  strains  with  binding  site  deletions  to  pinpoint  transcriptional  changes  correlating  with  divergent  phenotypes  in  these  strains.  These  genes  included  whiB2  and  its  regulon  of  division  related  genes.  Notably,  the  promoter  of  whiB2  is  a  known  direct  target  of  ResR  and  is  also  highly  mutated  in  clinical  Mtb  populations.  We  propose  a  model  where  clinical  variations  sequester  ResR  through  its  interaction  with  DnaA  at  the  Rv0010c-Rv0011c  IGR.  This  sequestration  reduces  ResR's  ability  to  activate  division  related  genes  and  alter  division  dynamics,  resulting  in  morphology  and  drug  phenotypes.Together,  the  data  in  this  dissertation  provide  functional  insight  into  an  essential  and  previously  uncharacterized  genetic  pathway  under  selection  in  clinical  Mtb  populations.  We  propose  that  clinical  mutations  in  this  pathway  alter  dynamics  of  cell  cycle  events  and  contribute  to  changes  in  Mtb  morphology  and  drug  response.  Understanding  non-canonical  drug  determinants  is  critical  to  elucidate  other  mechanisms  Mtb  use  to  evade  antibiotics  killing  and  we  hope  to  inspire  future  studies  on  intergenic  regions  and  unknown  genetic  pathways  to  better  understand  Mtb  biology  and  improve  treatment  design.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0084.
■650  4▼aBiology
■650  4▼aMicrobiology
■650  4▼aMolecular  biology
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aMorphology
■653    ▼aAntibiotics
■653    ▼aMycobacterium  tuberculosis
■653    ▼aTranscriptomics
■653    ▼aIntergenic  regions
■653    ▼aDrug  resistance
■690    ▼a0306
■690    ▼a0410
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0307
■690    ▼a0287
■71020▼aHarvard  University▼bMedical  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12B.
■790    ▼a0084
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161773▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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