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Modeling and Flow Dynamics of Dilute Wormlike Micelle Solutions
Modeling and Flow Dynamics of Dilute Wormlike Micelle Solutions
Modeling and Flow Dynamics of Dilute Wormlike Micelle Solutions

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151016
ISBN  
9798381944570
DDC  
620
저자명  
Hommel, Richard J.
서명/저자  
Modeling and Flow Dynamics of Dilute Wormlike Micelle Solutions
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
285 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-09, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Graham, Michael D.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Surfactant solutions are found in numerous commercial and industrial applications, from detergents and cosmetics to fracking and heat-transfer fluids. Surfactant solutions that form wormlike micelles are found to display complex rheological behavior and exhibit many instabilities ranging from finger-like structures to vorticity banding. These solutions have also been found to display drag reduction at levels comparable to, and in some cases exceeding, those of polymer solutions. Despite their practical importance and a plethora of experiments demonstrating their interesting rheology, the dynamics and flow behaviors of wormlike micelle solutions remain poorly understood, particularly from theoretical and computational perspectives. There are currently few models able to predict and capture dilute wormlike micelle rheology, and even fewer that can be implemented in computational fluid dynamics simulations. Motivated by this lack and the numerous applications for these solutions, the main objectives in this thesis are to develop an accurate and tractable model for dilute wormlike micelle solutions and to use this model in simulations to study complex flow phenomena. In Chapter 1, we introduce many of the concepts associated with viscoelastic fluids and motivate this study by exploring applications of dilute wormlike micelle solutions. We then dive into the chemistry of wormlike micelle solutions, before giving an overview of their complex rheology and the numerous instabilities that can develop in these flows. Since much of this thesis is focused on the development of models for wormlike micelle solutions, we summarize the derivations and predictions of some of the most widely studied models for these systems and focus on their successes and drawbacks. In Chapter 2, we derive a model for dilute wormlike micelle solutions, the reformulated reactive rod model (RRM-R); the RRM-R, which treats micelles as reactive Brownian rods undergoing reversible scission and fusion, is an improvement to a previous model (the RRM) meant to establish the model on a more physical grounding. We show that the model can predict many of the key rheological features of dilute wormlike micelle solutions: shear-thickening and -thinning, non-zero normal stress differences, and a reentrant flow curve. We demonstrate the ability of the RRM-R to predict both steady and transient dynamics, affirming its potential for studying instability formation, and show that it can be successfully fit to experimental data. After having derived and established the RRM-R, we then employ it in Chapter 3 to study the development of instabilities in circular Couette flow. We apply a stability analysis of the steady states and find that the spatial-dependence of the stress gives rise to flow profiles with mixed local stabilities. Using simulations we find that the RRM-R captures finger-like instabilities, which consist of branching structures of highly elongated, anisotropically-oriented micelles. These 'fingers' have previously been identified in experiments of dilute wormlike micelle solutions. The instability is identified to be 2D in nature, with 3D variations arising as secondary effects. We also show that the RRM-R can capture vorticity banding, and that this banded state is linearly stable to perturbations. In Chapter 4 we extend the works of the previous chapter to focus on plane Poiseuille flow of dilute wormlike micelle solutions. The spatial-dependence of the stress causes the flow to 'jump' between upper and lower branches of the constitutive curve, giving rise to a state that resembles viscosity-stratified flows. As has been observed for viscosity-stratified flows, we find that the 'interface' between regions is unstable due to a combination of viscosity mismatch and a normal stress jump across the interface. The destabilized flow fluctuates around the unstable region of the constitutive curve. The resulting instability resembles the finger-like structures observed in circular Couette flow, but now both longwave and shortwave structures appear; the longwave structures are observed to resemble mushroom patterns seen in core-annular channel flow. We perform 3D simulations and find that the initial instability is 2D. We switch gears in Chapter 5 to focus on deriving a thermodynamically consistent version of the RRM-R. There has been a recent push in the rheology community to re-derive many well-studied models for viscoelastic fluids, as well as derive new models, using the generalized bracket framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics; this framework allows researchers to enforce conservation of energy and non-negative entropy generation in these models. Motivated by this push, we use the single generator bracket framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics to derive three models, two based on the general evolution and relaxation of a structural variable and a third that considers the dynamics of micelles as a reversible reaction. We employ Poisson and dissipation brackets along with a description of the system Hamiltonian to ascertain and ensure the thermodynamic admissibility of these models. This section also provides a substantial background into applying non-equilibrium dynamics to fluid systems. Finally, we conclude this thesis with a summary of our findings and proposals for future directions in Chapter 6. These future directions are focused on (1) improvements to the RRM-R to account for micelle flexibility and population distributions, (2) investigating the RRM-R in new flow types and domains, and (3) using the RRM-R to study more complex instabilities, turbulence, and drag reduction in dilute wormlike micelle solutions.
일반주제명  
Fluid mechanics
일반주제명  
Polymer chemistry
일반주제명  
Thermodynamics
일반주제명  
Computational physics
키워드  
Flow-induced structures
키워드  
Instabilities
키워드  
Surfactants
키워드  
Viscoelastic fluids
키워드  
Wormlike micelles
기타저자  
The University of Wisconsin - Madison Chemical Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-09B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aHommel,  Richard  J.
■24510▼aModeling  and  Flow  Dynamics  of  Dilute  Wormlike  Micelle  Solutions
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a285  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-09,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Graham,  Michael  D.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison,  2024.
■520    ▼aSurfactant  solutions  are  found  in  numerous  commercial  and  industrial  applications,  from  detergents  and  cosmetics  to  fracking  and  heat-transfer  fluids.  Surfactant  solutions  that  form  wormlike  micelles  are  found  to  display  complex  rheological  behavior  and  exhibit  many  instabilities  ranging  from  finger-like  structures  to  vorticity  banding.  These  solutions  have  also  been  found  to  display  drag  reduction  at  levels  comparable  to,  and  in  some  cases  exceeding,  those  of  polymer  solutions.  Despite  their  practical  importance  and  a  plethora  of  experiments  demonstrating  their  interesting  rheology,  the  dynamics  and  flow  behaviors  of  wormlike  micelle  solutions  remain  poorly  understood,  particularly  from  theoretical  and  computational  perspectives.  There  are  currently  few  models  able  to  predict  and  capture  dilute  wormlike  micelle  rheology,  and  even  fewer  that  can  be  implemented  in  computational  fluid  dynamics  simulations.  Motivated  by  this  lack  and  the  numerous  applications  for  these  solutions,  the  main  objectives  in  this  thesis  are  to  develop  an  accurate  and  tractable  model  for  dilute  wormlike  micelle  solutions  and  to  use  this  model  in  simulations  to  study  complex  flow  phenomena.  In  Chapter  1,  we  introduce  many  of  the  concepts  associated  with  viscoelastic  fluids  and  motivate  this  study  by  exploring  applications  of  dilute  wormlike  micelle  solutions.  We  then  dive  into  the  chemistry  of  wormlike  micelle  solutions,  before  giving  an  overview  of  their  complex  rheology  and  the  numerous  instabilities  that  can  develop  in  these  flows.  Since  much  of  this  thesis  is  focused  on  the  development  of  models  for  wormlike  micelle  solutions,  we  summarize  the  derivations  and  predictions  of  some  of  the  most  widely  studied  models  for  these  systems  and  focus  on  their  successes  and  drawbacks.  In  Chapter  2,  we  derive  a  model  for  dilute  wormlike  micelle  solutions,  the  reformulated  reactive  rod  model  (RRM-R);  the  RRM-R,  which  treats  micelles  as  reactive  Brownian  rods  undergoing  reversible  scission  and  fusion,  is  an  improvement  to  a  previous  model  (the  RRM)  meant  to  establish  the  model  on  a  more  physical  grounding.  We  show  that  the  model  can  predict  many  of  the  key  rheological  features  of  dilute  wormlike  micelle  solutions:  shear-thickening  and  -thinning,  non-zero  normal  stress  differences,  and  a  reentrant  flow  curve.  We  demonstrate  the  ability  of  the  RRM-R  to  predict  both  steady  and  transient  dynamics,  affirming  its  potential  for  studying  instability  formation,  and  show  that  it  can  be  successfully  fit  to  experimental  data.  After  having  derived  and  established  the  RRM-R,  we  then  employ  it  in  Chapter  3  to  study  the  development  of  instabilities  in  circular  Couette  flow.  We  apply  a  stability  analysis  of  the  steady  states  and  find  that  the  spatial-dependence  of  the  stress  gives  rise  to  flow  profiles  with  mixed  local  stabilities.  Using  simulations  we  find  that  the  RRM-R  captures  finger-like  instabilities,  which  consist  of  branching  structures  of  highly  elongated,  anisotropically-oriented  micelles.  These  'fingers'  have  previously  been  identified  in  experiments  of  dilute  wormlike  micelle  solutions.  The  instability  is  identified  to  be  2D  in  nature,  with  3D  variations  arising  as  secondary  effects.  We  also  show  that  the  RRM-R  can  capture  vorticity  banding,  and  that  this  banded  state  is  linearly  stable  to  perturbations.  In  Chapter  4  we  extend  the  works  of  the  previous  chapter  to  focus  on  plane  Poiseuille  flow  of  dilute  wormlike  micelle  solutions.  The  spatial-dependence  of  the  stress  causes  the  flow  to  'jump'  between  upper  and  lower  branches  of  the  constitutive  curve,  giving  rise  to  a  state  that  resembles  viscosity-stratified  flows.  As  has  been  observed  for  viscosity-stratified  flows,  we  find  that  the  'interface'  between  regions  is  unstable  due  to  a  combination  of  viscosity  mismatch  and  a  normal  stress  jump  across  the  interface.  The  destabilized  flow  fluctuates  around  the  unstable  region  of  the  constitutive  curve.  The  resulting  instability  resembles  the  finger-like  structures  observed  in  circular  Couette  flow,  but  now  both  longwave  and  shortwave  structures  appear;  the  longwave  structures  are  observed  to  resemble  mushroom  patterns  seen  in  core-annular  channel  flow.  We  perform  3D  simulations  and  find  that  the  initial  instability  is  2D.  We  switch  gears  in  Chapter  5  to  focus  on  deriving  a  thermodynamically  consistent  version  of  the  RRM-R.  There  has  been  a  recent  push  in  the  rheology  community  to  re-derive  many  well-studied  models  for  viscoelastic  fluids,  as  well  as  derive  new  models,  using  the  generalized  bracket  framework  of  non-equilibrium  thermodynamics;  this  framework  allows  researchers  to  enforce  conservation  of  energy  and  non-negative  entropy  generation  in  these  models.  Motivated  by  this  push,  we  use  the  single  generator  bracket  framework  of  non-equilibrium  thermodynamics  to  derive  three  models,  two  based  on  the  general  evolution  and  relaxation  of  a  structural  variable  and  a  third  that  considers  the  dynamics  of  micelles  as  a  reversible  reaction.  We  employ  Poisson  and  dissipation  brackets  along  with  a  description  of  the  system  Hamiltonian  to  ascertain  and  ensure  the  thermodynamic  admissibility  of  these  models.  This  section  also  provides  a  substantial  background  into  applying  non-equilibrium  dynamics  to  fluid  systems.  Finally,  we  conclude  this  thesis  with  a  summary  of  our  findings  and  proposals  for  future  directions  in  Chapter  6.  These  future  directions  are  focused  on  (1)  improvements  to  the  RRM-R  to  account  for  micelle  flexibility  and  population  distributions,  (2)  investigating  the  RRM-R  in  new  flow  types  and  domains,  and  (3)  using  the  RRM-R  to  study  more  complex  instabilities,  turbulence,  and  drag  reduction  in  dilute  wormlike  micelle  solutions.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0262.
■650  4▼aFluid  mechanics
■650  4▼aPolymer  chemistry
■650  4▼aThermodynamics
■650  4▼aComputational  physics
■653    ▼aFlow-induced  structures
■653    ▼aInstabilities
■653    ▼aSurfactants
■653    ▼aViscoelastic  fluids
■653    ▼aWormlike  micelles
■690    ▼a0204
■690    ▼a0216
■690    ▼a0348
■690    ▼a0495
■71020▼aThe  University  of  Wisconsin  -  Madison▼bChemical  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-09B.
■790    ▼a0262
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160419▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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