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Understanding Cognitive and Psychopathological Variability: The Role of Individual Differences in Machine Learning Applications
Understanding Cognitive and Psychopathological Variability: The Role of Individual Differe...
Understanding Cognitive and Psychopathological Variability: The Role of Individual Differences in Machine Learning Applications

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151323
ISBN  
9798382757803
DDC  
153
저자명  
Porter, Alexis Grace.
서명/저자  
Understanding Cognitive and Psychopathological Variability: The Role of Individual Differences in Machine Learning Applications
발행사항  
[Sl] : Northwestern University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
187 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Gratton, Caterina.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Northwestern University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The study of psychiatric disorders often involves tracking changes in brain function as it relates to symptoms. While research has found significant differences in functional network organization as it relates to various clinical outcomes, the exact neural biomarkers that contribute to symptom severity is often inconsistent. Prior research has shown that methodological considerations in sample size, motion artifacts, and increasing data quantity at the individual level can lead to substantial improvements in reliability. In Chapter 1, I provide a brief overview on existing work surrounding different methodological approaches that improve prediction of behavioral variables from brain network data. In the next three chapters, I describe research projects that aimed to use different cutting-edge approaches to improve machine learning prediction of behavior. In Chapter 2, I tested whether machine learning classification can improve our understanding of how brain networks are altered during tasks by using an individual specific approach. I found that individual focused approaches can uncover robust features of brain states, including features obscured in cross-subject analyses. In Chapter 3 I asked whether prediction of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders could be improved by joining together different neuroimaging modalities. I conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review of the existing literature and found no significant evidence for an advantage of multimodal relative to unimodal imaging approaches. However, this result could have been driven by biased effect sizes, particularly highlighting the need for improvements in data quality and quantity. In Chapter 4 I sought to test whether the prediction of clinical (especially psychosis) and cognitive measures from brain network data could be improved by either using person-specific parcellations or extended amounts of data from each participant. I found that increasing the quantity of data at the individual level exhibited significant improvements at predicting clinical and cognitive measures compared to resting state models, with only smaller scale effects associated with individual parcellations. Finally, in Chapter 5 I provide a brief general discussion to highlight the contributions of this work and future directions.
일반주제명  
Cognitive psychology
일반주제명  
Neurosciences
일반주제명  
Computer science
일반주제명  
Medical imaging
키워드  
Cognitive measures
키워드  
Psychosis
키워드  
Clinical outcomes
키워드  
Individual differences
키워드  
Machine learning
기타저자  
Northwestern University Psychology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
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■1001  ▼aPorter,  Alexis  Grace.
■24510▼aUnderstanding  Cognitive  and  Psychopathological  Variability:  The  Role  of  Individual  Differences  in  Machine  Learning  Applications
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bNorthwestern  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a187  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Gratton,  Caterina.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Northwestern  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  study  of  psychiatric  disorders  often  involves  tracking  changes  in  brain  function  as  it  relates  to  symptoms.  While  research  has  found  significant  differences  in  functional  network  organization  as  it  relates  to  various  clinical  outcomes,  the  exact  neural  biomarkers  that  contribute  to  symptom  severity  is  often  inconsistent.  Prior  research  has  shown  that  methodological  considerations  in  sample  size,  motion  artifacts,  and  increasing  data  quantity  at  the  individual  level  can  lead  to  substantial  improvements  in  reliability.  In  Chapter  1,  I  provide  a  brief  overview  on  existing  work  surrounding  different  methodological  approaches  that  improve  prediction  of  behavioral  variables  from  brain  network  data.  In  the  next  three  chapters,  I  describe  research  projects  that  aimed  to  use  different  cutting-edge  approaches  to  improve  machine  learning  prediction  of  behavior.  In  Chapter  2,  I  tested  whether  machine  learning  classification  can  improve  our  understanding  of  how  brain  networks  are  altered  during  tasks  by  using  an  individual  specific  approach.  I  found  that  individual  focused  approaches  can  uncover  robust  features  of  brain  states,  including  features  obscured  in  cross-subject  analyses.  In  Chapter  3  I  asked  whether  prediction  of  Schizophrenia  Spectrum  Disorders  could  be  improved  by  joining  together  different  neuroimaging  modalities.  I  conducted  a  meta-analysis  and  systematic  review  of  the  existing  literature  and  found  no  significant  evidence  for  an  advantage  of  multimodal  relative  to  unimodal  imaging  approaches.  However,  this  result  could  have  been  driven  by  biased  effect  sizes,  particularly  highlighting  the  need  for  improvements  in  data  quality  and  quantity.  In  Chapter  4  I  sought  to  test  whether  the  prediction  of  clinical  (especially  psychosis)  and  cognitive  measures  from  brain  network  data  could  be  improved  by  either  using  person-specific  parcellations  or  extended  amounts  of  data  from  each  participant.  I  found  that  increasing  the  quantity  of  data  at  the  individual  level  exhibited  significant  improvements  at  predicting  clinical  and  cognitive  measures  compared  to  resting  state  models,  with  only  smaller  scale  effects  associated  with  individual  parcellations.  Finally,  in  Chapter  5  I  provide  a  brief  general  discussion  to  highlight  the  contributions  of  this  work  and  future  directions.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0163.
■650  4▼aCognitive  psychology
■650  4▼aNeurosciences
■650  4▼aComputer  science
■650  4▼aMedical  imaging
■653    ▼aCognitive  measures
■653    ▼aPsychosis
■653    ▼aClinical  outcomes
■653    ▼aIndividual  differences
■653    ▼aMachine  learning
■690    ▼a0633
■690    ▼a0984
■690    ▼a0574
■690    ▼a0800
■690    ▼a0317
■71020▼aNorthwestern  University▼bPsychology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-11B.
■790    ▼a0163
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17161196▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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