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Host-Microbe Relationships in the Marine Environment: Exploring the Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses and Their Possible Roles in Host-Related Health
Host-Microbe Relationships in the Marine Environment: Exploring the Diversity of Prokaryot...
Host-Microbe Relationships in the Marine Environment: Exploring the Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses and Their Possible Roles in Host-Related Health

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152039
ISBN  
9798384049470
DDC  
576
저자명  
Rede, Jordan Emilio.
서명/저자  
Host-Microbe Relationships in the Marine Environment: Exploring the Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses and Their Possible Roles in Host-Related Health
발행사항  
[Sl] : Cornell University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
133 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-03, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hewson, Ian.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Microorganisms, including viruses, associate with all living things. Despite their small size, however, plant and animal associated microorganisms exert considerable influences on their hosts. Moreover, microbes help drive many facets of ecosystem functioning, which include ecologically important processes like biogeochemical cycling and the remineralization of organic matter. In the marine environment, over a century of investigation has constrained the role of free-living microorganisms in ecological processes. However, there are significant knowledge gaps surrounding host-microbe relationships. In this dissertation, I address this deficit by investigating three areas of limited understanding - the diversity of RNA viruses associated with seagrasses, temporal variation in seagrass associated prokaryotes, and the effect of disease on the microbiome of diverse organisms. In chapter 2, I present the results of an RNA viral discovery project. Plant viruses are widespread in nature and heavily influence plant communities, but while we know a great deal about the plant viruses in terrestrial systems, there is little information about the viruses that infect marine plants. The results of this project highlight the diversity of RNA viruses in seagrasses, and they provide important data for future investigations into the role of viruses in seagrass biology and ecology. In Chapter 3, I investigated the root and leaf microbiomes of the seagrass Zostera marina in a eutrophic estuary, which took place over part of the growing season during two non-consecutive summers. The results of this study revealed highly reproducible shifts in the Z. marina microbiome that may be consequential for seagrass conservation. We observed positive shifts in identical clades of copiotrophic microbes over both summers, which suggests that fast growing microbes become more dominant towards the end of summer. Furthermore, sulfate reducing bacteria increased with respect to sulfide oxidizers, which suggests that Z. marina may become progressively more susceptible to sulfide stress. In Chapter 4, I conduct a meta-analysis of the pathobiome of marine organisms that incorporates diverse flora and fauna and multiple diseases. The aim of this study was to determine whether microbial traits are independently associated with diseases and to identify common microorganisms. The results of this analysis show that pathobiomes of diseased organisms are more likely to be enriched with fast growing and anaerobic bacteria, which reveals possible links between marine diseases and the environment surrounding dying plants and animals. This dissertation covers a broad range of ecological questions and provides novel insights into the diverse relationships between microorganisms and their hosts. The results from the preceding chapters advances our understanding of host-microbe relationships in marine organisms and provides the foundation for ongoing investigations into the complex dynamics of microbes and their hosts.
일반주제명  
Microbiology
일반주제명  
Ecology
일반주제명  
Pathology
일반주제명  
Biogeochemistry
일반주제명  
Biological oceanography
일반주제명  
Virology
키워드  
RNA viruses
키워드  
Plant communities
키워드  
Marine plants
키워드  
Pathobiomes
키워드  
Microorganisms
기타저자  
Cornell University Microbiology
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-03B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■020    ▼a9798384049470
■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31336128
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a576
■1001  ▼aRede,  Jordan  Emilio.▼0(orcid)0000-0003-1326-872X
■24510▼aHost-Microbe  Relationships  in  the  Marine  Environment:  Exploring  the  Diversity  of  Prokaryotes  and  Viruses  and  Their  Possible  Roles  in  Host-Related  Health
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCornell  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a133  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-03,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Hewson,  Ian.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Cornell  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aMicroorganisms,  including  viruses,  associate  with  all  living  things.  Despite  their  small  size,  however,  plant  and  animal  associated  microorganisms  exert  considerable  influences  on  their  hosts.  Moreover,  microbes  help  drive  many  facets  of  ecosystem  functioning,  which  include  ecologically  important  processes  like  biogeochemical  cycling  and  the  remineralization  of  organic  matter.  In  the  marine  environment,  over  a  century  of  investigation  has  constrained  the  role  of  free-living  microorganisms  in  ecological  processes.  However,  there  are  significant  knowledge  gaps  surrounding  host-microbe  relationships.  In  this  dissertation,  I  address  this  deficit  by  investigating  three  areas  of  limited  understanding  -  the  diversity  of  RNA  viruses  associated  with  seagrasses,  temporal  variation  in  seagrass  associated  prokaryotes,  and  the  effect  of  disease  on  the  microbiome  of  diverse  organisms.  In  chapter  2,  I  present  the  results  of  an  RNA  viral  discovery  project.  Plant  viruses  are  widespread  in  nature  and  heavily  influence  plant  communities,  but  while  we  know  a  great  deal  about  the  plant  viruses  in  terrestrial  systems,  there  is  little  information  about  the  viruses  that  infect  marine  plants.  The  results  of  this  project  highlight  the  diversity  of  RNA  viruses  in  seagrasses,  and  they  provide  important  data  for  future  investigations  into  the  role  of  viruses  in  seagrass  biology  and  ecology.  In  Chapter  3,  I  investigated  the  root  and  leaf  microbiomes  of  the  seagrass  Zostera  marina  in  a  eutrophic  estuary,  which  took  place  over  part  of  the  growing  season  during  two  non-consecutive  summers.  The  results  of  this  study  revealed  highly  reproducible  shifts  in  the  Z.  marina  microbiome  that  may  be  consequential  for  seagrass  conservation.  We  observed  positive  shifts  in  identical  clades  of  copiotrophic  microbes  over  both  summers,  which  suggests  that  fast  growing  microbes  become  more  dominant  towards  the  end  of  summer.  Furthermore,  sulfate  reducing  bacteria  increased  with  respect  to  sulfide  oxidizers,  which  suggests  that  Z.  marina  may  become  progressively  more  susceptible  to  sulfide  stress.  In  Chapter  4,  I  conduct  a  meta-analysis  of  the  pathobiome  of  marine  organisms  that  incorporates  diverse  flora  and  fauna  and  multiple  diseases.  The  aim  of  this  study  was  to  determine  whether  microbial  traits  are  independently  associated  with  diseases  and  to  identify  common  microorganisms.  The  results  of  this  analysis  show  that  pathobiomes  of  diseased  organisms  are  more  likely  to  be  enriched  with  fast  growing  and  anaerobic  bacteria,  which  reveals  possible  links  between  marine  diseases  and  the  environment  surrounding  dying  plants  and  animals.  This  dissertation  covers  a  broad  range  of  ecological  questions  and  provides  novel  insights  into  the  diverse  relationships  between  microorganisms  and  their  hosts.  The  results  from  the  preceding  chapters  advances  our  understanding  of  host-microbe  relationships  in  marine  organisms  and  provides  the  foundation  for  ongoing  investigations  into  the  complex  dynamics  of  microbes  and  their  hosts.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0058.
■650  4▼aMicrobiology
■650  4▼aEcology
■650  4▼aPathology
■650  4▼aBiogeochemistry
■650  4▼aBiological  oceanography
■650  4▼aVirology
■653    ▼aRNA  viruses  
■653    ▼aPlant  communities
■653    ▼aMarine  plants
■653    ▼aPathobiomes  
■653    ▼aMicroorganisms
■690    ▼a0410
■690    ▼a0720
■690    ▼a0416
■690    ▼a0425
■690    ▼a0329
■690    ▼a0571
■71020▼aCornell  University▼bMicrobiology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-03B.
■790    ▼a0058
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162666▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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