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The Social Dimension of Skill and Expertise
The Social Dimension of Skill and Expertise
The Social Dimension of Skill and Expertise

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152040
ISBN  
9798383609934
DDC  
100
저자명  
Anwarzai, Zara Lila.
서명/저자  
The Social Dimension of Skill and Expertise
발행사항  
[Sl] : Indiana University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
221 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Ludwig, Kirk;Schoenemann, P. Thomas.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Most philosophers and cognitive scientists who focus on skill study individual performers as they acquire and express skills. The main questions raised about individual skilled actors are about the causal structure of each performer's actions (automatic or controlled), or the kind of knowledge guiding their actions (propositional or not). How do these issues look when we turn our attention to agents who express their skills with and for others? And how do these considerations bear on our concepts of 'expert' and 'expertise'? My dissertation shows that studying the oft-neglected social dimension of skill leads us to better understand a wider range of skills, helps identify the mechanisms that enable skilled performance in social contexts, and elucidates the distinction between skill as such and expertise, which involves skill but has a further social dimension as well.Consider the following two debates concerning skill. The first considers whether the causal structure of skilled and expert action is automatic or controlled. The second, between intellectualists and anti-intellectualists, considers the kind of knowledge that guides skilled action and is primarily concerned with whether skilled performance is guided by knowledge how or knowledge that, and secondarily, the cognitive mechanisms involved in either kind of knowledge. My discussion of these debates considers their commonalities (e.g., similarities between anti-intellectualism and the automaticity position) and presents their shared conceptual limitations. The central conceptual limitation, I argue, is an overly individualistic treatment of skill and expertise. In traditional treatments, the paradigmatic cases of skill, and the questions raised of these cases, are of individual actors performing in isolation: Tiger Woods perfecting his golf swing, Gary Kasparov playing chess (while downplaying the fact that his exercise of the skill takes place in a social context, viz., a two-player game), a ballerina executing a difficult routine, and so on. The current models both overlook and are ill-equipped to handle expressions of skill such as team sports or ensemble performances. To better understand the kinds of skills not captured in these models, I advance a taxonomy of skills that are performed with and for others. I refer to these as 'social skills' and present a three-fold distinction for different features of social skills. Skills can be social because they are (i) exercised jointly, (ii) other-directed, or (iii) performed to meet some social need. I argue that proponents of current models must either accept their limitations or revise their models to appropriately treat social skills. Also missing from the debate is a clear distinction between expert and skilled action. While expert action is necessarily social and always occurs in the context of a joint action (though the exercise of the skill as such may not be in a joint action), skilled action in general is not (though some skilled action is social even when it is not an expression of expertise). I advance definitions of 'expert' and 'expertise' that attempts to capture their social character. On my view, experts (a) have expertise (that is, they meet the community standards for a level of skill that is higher than most others in a specific domain), (b) are recognized in the community as meeting (a), (c) are used as a resource for some need in the community in virtue of (a) and (b), and (d) serve intentionally as a resource in virtue of recognizing (a)-(c).I advance a revised framework which details how my account of social skills, including the conceptual distinction between expert and skilled action, bears on our empirical investigations of skill and expertise.
일반주제명  
Philosophy
일반주제명  
Social psychology
일반주제명  
Cognitive psychology
키워드  
Expertise
키워드  
Group skill
키워드  
Individual performers
키워드  
Social skills
기타저자  
Indiana University Cognitive Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aAnwarzai,  Zara  Lila.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-9952-7472
■24510▼aThe  Social  Dimension  of  Skill  and  Expertise
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bIndiana  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a221  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Ludwig,  Kirk;Schoenemann,  P.  Thomas.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Indiana  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aMost  philosophers  and  cognitive  scientists  who  focus  on  skill  study  individual  performers  as  they  acquire  and  express  skills.  The  main  questions  raised  about  individual  skilled  actors  are  about  the  causal  structure  of  each  performer's  actions  (automatic  or  controlled),  or  the  kind  of  knowledge  guiding  their  actions  (propositional  or  not).  How  do  these  issues  look  when  we  turn  our  attention  to  agents  who  express  their  skills  with  and  for  others?  And  how  do  these  considerations  bear  on  our  concepts  of  'expert'  and  'expertise'?  My  dissertation  shows  that  studying  the  oft-neglected  social  dimension  of  skill  leads  us  to  better  understand  a  wider  range  of  skills,  helps  identify  the  mechanisms  that  enable  skilled  performance  in  social  contexts,  and  elucidates  the  distinction  between  skill  as  such  and  expertise,  which  involves  skill  but  has  a  further  social  dimension  as  well.Consider  the  following  two  debates  concerning  skill.  The  first  considers  whether  the  causal  structure  of  skilled  and  expert  action  is  automatic  or  controlled.  The  second,  between  intellectualists  and  anti-intellectualists,  considers  the  kind  of  knowledge  that  guides  skilled  action  and  is  primarily  concerned  with  whether  skilled  performance  is  guided  by  knowledge  how  or  knowledge  that,  and  secondarily,  the  cognitive  mechanisms  involved  in  either  kind  of  knowledge.  My  discussion  of  these  debates  considers  their  commonalities  (e.g.,  similarities  between  anti-intellectualism  and  the  automaticity  position)  and  presents  their  shared  conceptual  limitations.  The  central  conceptual  limitation,  I  argue,  is  an  overly  individualistic  treatment  of  skill  and  expertise.  In  traditional  treatments,  the  paradigmatic  cases  of  skill,  and  the  questions  raised  of  these  cases,  are  of  individual  actors  performing  in  isolation:  Tiger  Woods  perfecting  his  golf  swing,  Gary  Kasparov  playing  chess  (while  downplaying  the  fact  that  his  exercise  of  the  skill  takes  place  in  a  social  context,  viz.,  a  two-player  game),  a  ballerina  executing  a  difficult  routine,  and  so  on.  The  current  models  both  overlook  and  are  ill-equipped  to  handle  expressions  of  skill  such  as  team  sports  or  ensemble  performances.  To  better  understand  the  kinds  of  skills  not  captured  in  these  models,  I  advance  a  taxonomy  of  skills  that  are  performed  with  and  for  others.  I  refer  to  these  as  'social  skills'  and  present  a  three-fold  distinction  for  different  features  of  social  skills.  Skills  can  be  social  because  they  are  (i)  exercised  jointly,  (ii)  other-directed,  or  (iii)  performed  to  meet  some  social  need.  I  argue  that  proponents  of  current  models  must  either  accept  their  limitations  or  revise  their  models  to  appropriately  treat  social  skills.  Also  missing  from  the  debate  is  a  clear  distinction  between  expert  and  skilled  action.  While  expert  action  is  necessarily  social  and  always  occurs  in  the  context  of  a  joint  action  (though  the  exercise  of  the  skill  as  such  may  not  be  in  a  joint  action),  skilled  action  in  general  is  not  (though  some  skilled  action  is  social  even  when  it  is  not  an  expression  of  expertise).  I  advance  definitions  of  'expert'  and  'expertise'  that  attempts  to  capture  their  social  character.  On  my  view,  experts  (a)  have  expertise  (that  is,  they  meet  the  community  standards  for  a  level  of  skill  that  is  higher  than  most  others  in  a  specific  domain),  (b)  are  recognized  in  the  community  as  meeting  (a),  (c)  are  used  as  a  resource  for  some  need  in  the  community  in  virtue  of  (a)  and  (b),  and  (d)  serve  intentionally  as  a  resource  in  virtue  of  recognizing  (a)-(c).I  advance  a  revised  framework  which  details  how  my  account  of  social  skills,  including  the  conceptual  distinction  between  expert  and  skilled  action,  bears  on  our  empirical  investigations  of  skill  and  expertise.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0093.
■650  4▼aPhilosophy
■650  4▼aSocial  psychology
■650  4▼aCognitive  psychology
■653    ▼aExpertise
■653    ▼aGroup  skill
■653    ▼aIndividual  performers
■653    ▼aSocial  skills
■690    ▼a0422
■690    ▼a0633
■690    ▼a0451
■71020▼aIndiana  University▼bCognitive  Science.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-02B.
■790    ▼a0093
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17162674▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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