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Discovery and Engineering the TG2/LRP-1 Pathway for Lysosomal Delivery of Molecular Cargo: Implications for Celiac Disease
Discovery and Engineering the TG2/LRP-1 Pathway for Lysosomal Delivery of Molecular Cargo:...
Discovery and Engineering the TG2/LRP-1 Pathway for Lysosomal Delivery of Molecular Cargo: Implications for Celiac Disease

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211151037
ISBN  
9798383025116
DDC  
781.64
저자명  
Loppinet, Elise.
서명/저자  
Discovery and Engineering the TG2/LRP-1 Pathway for Lysosomal Delivery of Molecular Cargo: Implications for Celiac Disease
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
167 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Abu-Remaileh, Monther;Swartz, James.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약Celiac disease (CeD) is a systemic, inflammatory immune disorder that primarily affects the small intestine. It is triggered by the dietary gluten, derived from wheat, barley, or rye in certain genetically susceptible individuals. Gluten peptides are rendered highly antigenic to CeD patients through deamidation at certain epitopes by transglutaminase-2 (TG2) a widely expressed and multifunctional enzyme. Over 95% of all CeD patients express HLA-DQ2, and a vast majority of the remaining population express HLA-DQ8, and in these individuals the deamidated peptides tightly bind MHC-II on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and are then presented to the gluten-specific CD4 T cells. TG2 activity is necessary for peptide deamidation as demonstrated by restoration of a healthy phenotype upon TG2 inhibition in a mouse model of CeD. Thus, understanding the activity and localization of TG2 could help understand the mechanisms underlying CeD, and how APCs take up TG2 and gluten peptides leading to the hallmark T cell response. This dissertation covers a mechanism for TG2 regulation, and a pathway for the uptake of gluten-bound TG2 in APCs as well as engineering opportunities using this pathway.In Chapter 1 the various different cell types that are involved in CeD, including professional antigen presenting cells and T cells and their roles in the pathophysiology of CeD are discussed. Chapter 2 focuses on a competitive regulation mechanism for TG2 in which the order of Ca" binding and disulfide bond formation determines whether TG2 will be active or inactive upon secretion from the cell. Chapter 3 includes the description and characterization of a pathway for LRP-1 mediated uptake of gluten antigens bound to TG2. The TG2-gluten complex is recognized by a macroglobulin, an abundant plasma protein, which leads to a conformational change and recognition by its canonical cell surface receptor, LRP-1. This triggers an endocytic event eventually delivering the cargo to the lysosome. In HLA-DQ2 expressing cells the dearmidated gluten peptide released in the lysosome binds to MHC-II and is presented on the cell surface. In Chapter 4, the effect of this pathway on the activation of gluten specific T cells is probed. Finally, Chapter 5 describes how the pathway described above can be hijacked to induce the lysosomal degradation of proteins of interest. A ligand to the protein of interest is conjugated to a gluten peptide, allowing for the entire complex to be endocytosed in an LRP-1 dependent manner. The molecular cargo, including the protein of interest is degraded, and LRP-1 is recycled to the cell surface. Overall, this work offers insight into the molecular mechanisms behind antigen. processing and presentation in CeD, and how this knowledge can be used to design novel therapeutics for CeD and other diseases.
일반주제명  
Rap music
일반주제명  
Dendritic cells
일반주제명  
Antigen presentation
일반주제명  
Fibroblasts
일반주제명  
Antibodies
일반주제명  
Cytokines
일반주제명  
Microscopy
일반주제명  
Extracellular matrix
일반주제명  
Lymphocytes
일반주제명  
Chemistry
일반주제명  
Kinetics
일반주제명  
Chemical bonds
일반주제명  
Bone marrow
일반주제명  
Gluten
일반주제명  
Small intestine
일반주제명  
Celiac disease
일반주제명  
Cell culture
일반주제명  
Stains & staining
일반주제명  
Cellular biology
일반주제명  
Immunology
일반주제명  
Music
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a781.64
■1001  ▼aLoppinet,  Elise.
■24510▼aDiscovery  and  Engineering  the  TG2/LRP-1  Pathway  for  Lysosomal  Delivery  of  Molecular  Cargo:  Implications  for  Celiac  Disease
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a167  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  85-12,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Abu-Remaileh,  Monther;Swartz,  James.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2024.
■520    ▼aCeliac  disease  (CeD)  is  a  systemic,  inflammatory  immune  disorder  that  primarily  affects  the  small  intestine.  It  is  triggered  by  the  dietary  gluten,  derived  from  wheat,  barley,  or  rye  in  certain  genetically  susceptible  individuals.  Gluten  peptides  are  rendered  highly  antigenic  to  CeD  patients  through  deamidation  at  certain  epitopes  by  transglutaminase-2  (TG2)  a  widely  expressed  and  multifunctional  enzyme.  Over  95%  of  all  CeD  patients  express  HLA-DQ2,  and  a  vast  majority  of  the  remaining  population  express  HLA-DQ8,  and  in  these  individuals  the  deamidated  peptides  tightly  bind  MHC-II  on  the  surface  of  antigen  presenting  cells  (APCs)  and  are  then  presented  to  the  gluten-specific  CD4  T  cells.  TG2  activity  is  necessary  for  peptide  deamidation  as  demonstrated  by  restoration  of  a  healthy  phenotype  upon  TG2  inhibition  in  a  mouse  model  of  CeD.  Thus,  understanding  the  activity  and  localization  of  TG2  could  help  understand  the  mechanisms  underlying  CeD,  and  how  APCs  take  up  TG2  and  gluten  peptides  leading  to  the  hallmark  T  cell  response.  This  dissertation  covers  a  mechanism  for  TG2  regulation,  and  a  pathway  for  the  uptake  of  gluten-bound  TG2  in  APCs  as  well  as  engineering  opportunities  using  this  pathway.In  Chapter  1  the  various  different  cell  types  that  are  involved  in  CeD,  including  professional  antigen  presenting  cells  and  T  cells  and  their  roles  in  the  pathophysiology  of  CeD  are  discussed.  Chapter  2  focuses  on  a  competitive  regulation  mechanism  for  TG2  in  which  the  order  of  Ca"  binding  and  disulfide  bond  formation  determines  whether  TG2  will  be  active  or  inactive  upon  secretion  from  the  cell.  Chapter  3  includes  the  description  and  characterization  of  a  pathway  for  LRP-1  mediated  uptake  of  gluten  antigens  bound  to  TG2.  The  TG2-gluten  complex  is  recognized  by  a  macroglobulin,  an  abundant  plasma  protein,  which  leads  to  a  conformational  change  and  recognition  by  its  canonical  cell  surface  receptor,  LRP-1.  This  triggers  an  endocytic  event  eventually  delivering  the  cargo  to  the  lysosome.  In  HLA-DQ2  expressing  cells  the  dearmidated  gluten  peptide  released  in  the  lysosome  binds  to  MHC-II  and  is  presented  on  the  cell  surface.  In  Chapter  4,  the  effect  of  this  pathway  on  the  activation  of  gluten  specific  T  cells  is  probed.  Finally,  Chapter  5  describes  how  the  pathway  described  above  can  be  hijacked  to  induce  the  lysosomal  degradation  of  proteins  of  interest.  A  ligand  to  the  protein  of  interest  is  conjugated  to  a  gluten  peptide,  allowing  for  the  entire  complex  to  be  endocytosed  in  an  LRP-1  dependent  manner.  The  molecular  cargo,  including  the  protein  of  interest  is  degraded,  and  LRP-1  is  recycled  to  the  cell  surface.  Overall,  this  work  offers  insight  into  the  molecular  mechanisms  behind  antigen.  processing  and  presentation  in  CeD,  and  how  this  knowledge  can  be  used  to  design  novel  therapeutics  for  CeD  and  other  diseases.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aRap  music
■650  4▼aDendritic  cells
■650  4▼aAntigen  presentation
■650  4▼aFibroblasts
■650  4▼aAntibodies
■650  4▼aCytokines
■650  4▼aMicroscopy
■650  4▼aExtracellular  matrix
■650  4▼aLymphocytes
■650  4▼aChemistry
■650  4▼aKinetics
■650  4▼aChemical  bonds
■650  4▼aBone  marrow
■650  4▼aGluten
■650  4▼aSmall  intestine
■650  4▼aCeliac  disease
■650  4▼aCell  culture
■650  4▼aStains  &  staining
■650  4▼aCellular  biology
■650  4▼aImmunology
■650  4▼aMusic
■690    ▼a0485
■690    ▼a0379
■690    ▼a0982
■690    ▼a0413
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g85-12A.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160542▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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