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Discovery and Engineering the TG2/LRP-1 Pathway for Lysosomal Delivery of Molecular Cargo: Implications for Celiac Disease
Discovery and Engineering the TG2/LRP-1 Pathway for Lysosomal Delivery of Molecular Cargo: Implications for Celiac Disease
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20250211151037
- ISBN
- 9798383025116
- DDC
- 781.64
- 저자명
- Loppinet, Elise.
- 서명/저자
- Discovery and Engineering the TG2/LRP-1 Pathway for Lysosomal Delivery of Molecular Cargo: Implications for Celiac Disease
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : Stanford University, 2024
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
- 형태사항
- 167 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Abu-Remaileh, Monther;Swartz, James.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Celiac disease (CeD) is a systemic, inflammatory immune disorder that primarily affects the small intestine. It is triggered by the dietary gluten, derived from wheat, barley, or rye in certain genetically susceptible individuals. Gluten peptides are rendered highly antigenic to CeD patients through deamidation at certain epitopes by transglutaminase-2 (TG2) a widely expressed and multifunctional enzyme. Over 95% of all CeD patients express HLA-DQ2, and a vast majority of the remaining population express HLA-DQ8, and in these individuals the deamidated peptides tightly bind MHC-II on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and are then presented to the gluten-specific CD4 T cells. TG2 activity is necessary for peptide deamidation as demonstrated by restoration of a healthy phenotype upon TG2 inhibition in a mouse model of CeD. Thus, understanding the activity and localization of TG2 could help understand the mechanisms underlying CeD, and how APCs take up TG2 and gluten peptides leading to the hallmark T cell response. This dissertation covers a mechanism for TG2 regulation, and a pathway for the uptake of gluten-bound TG2 in APCs as well as engineering opportunities using this pathway.In Chapter 1 the various different cell types that are involved in CeD, including professional antigen presenting cells and T cells and their roles in the pathophysiology of CeD are discussed. Chapter 2 focuses on a competitive regulation mechanism for TG2 in which the order of Ca" binding and disulfide bond formation determines whether TG2 will be active or inactive upon secretion from the cell. Chapter 3 includes the description and characterization of a pathway for LRP-1 mediated uptake of gluten antigens bound to TG2. The TG2-gluten complex is recognized by a macroglobulin, an abundant plasma protein, which leads to a conformational change and recognition by its canonical cell surface receptor, LRP-1. This triggers an endocytic event eventually delivering the cargo to the lysosome. In HLA-DQ2 expressing cells the dearmidated gluten peptide released in the lysosome binds to MHC-II and is presented on the cell surface. In Chapter 4, the effect of this pathway on the activation of gluten specific T cells is probed. Finally, Chapter 5 describes how the pathway described above can be hijacked to induce the lysosomal degradation of proteins of interest. A ligand to the protein of interest is conjugated to a gluten peptide, allowing for the entire complex to be endocytosed in an LRP-1 dependent manner. The molecular cargo, including the protein of interest is degraded, and LRP-1 is recycled to the cell surface. Overall, this work offers insight into the molecular mechanisms behind antigen. processing and presentation in CeD, and how this knowledge can be used to design novel therapeutics for CeD and other diseases.
- 일반주제명
- Rap music
- 일반주제명
- Dendritic cells
- 일반주제명
- Antigen presentation
- 일반주제명
- Fibroblasts
- 일반주제명
- Antibodies
- 일반주제명
- Cytokines
- 일반주제명
- Microscopy
- 일반주제명
- Extracellular matrix
- 일반주제명
- Lymphocytes
- 일반주제명
- Chemistry
- 일반주제명
- Kinetics
- 일반주제명
- Chemical bonds
- 일반주제명
- Bone marrow
- 일반주제명
- Gluten
- 일반주제명
- Small intestine
- 일반주제명
- Celiac disease
- 일반주제명
- Cell culture
- 일반주제명
- Stains & staining
- 일반주제명
- Cellular biology
- 일반주제명
- Immunology
- 일반주제명
- Music
- 기타저자
- Stanford University.
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 85-12A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520250211151037
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■020 ▼a9798383025116
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■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a781.64
■1001 ▼aLoppinet, Elise.
■24510▼aDiscovery and Engineering the TG2/LRP-1 Pathway for Lysosomal Delivery of Molecular Cargo: Implications for Celiac Disease
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford University▼c2024
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2024
■300 ▼a167 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Abu-Remaileh, Monther;Swartz, James.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2024.
■520 ▼aCeliac disease (CeD) is a systemic, inflammatory immune disorder that primarily affects the small intestine. It is triggered by the dietary gluten, derived from wheat, barley, or rye in certain genetically susceptible individuals. Gluten peptides are rendered highly antigenic to CeD patients through deamidation at certain epitopes by transglutaminase-2 (TG2) a widely expressed and multifunctional enzyme. Over 95% of all CeD patients express HLA-DQ2, and a vast majority of the remaining population express HLA-DQ8, and in these individuals the deamidated peptides tightly bind MHC-II on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and are then presented to the gluten-specific CD4 T cells. TG2 activity is necessary for peptide deamidation as demonstrated by restoration of a healthy phenotype upon TG2 inhibition in a mouse model of CeD. Thus, understanding the activity and localization of TG2 could help understand the mechanisms underlying CeD, and how APCs take up TG2 and gluten peptides leading to the hallmark T cell response. This dissertation covers a mechanism for TG2 regulation, and a pathway for the uptake of gluten-bound TG2 in APCs as well as engineering opportunities using this pathway.In Chapter 1 the various different cell types that are involved in CeD, including professional antigen presenting cells and T cells and their roles in the pathophysiology of CeD are discussed. Chapter 2 focuses on a competitive regulation mechanism for TG2 in which the order of Ca" binding and disulfide bond formation determines whether TG2 will be active or inactive upon secretion from the cell. Chapter 3 includes the description and characterization of a pathway for LRP-1 mediated uptake of gluten antigens bound to TG2. The TG2-gluten complex is recognized by a macroglobulin, an abundant plasma protein, which leads to a conformational change and recognition by its canonical cell surface receptor, LRP-1. This triggers an endocytic event eventually delivering the cargo to the lysosome. In HLA-DQ2 expressing cells the dearmidated gluten peptide released in the lysosome binds to MHC-II and is presented on the cell surface. In Chapter 4, the effect of this pathway on the activation of gluten specific T cells is probed. Finally, Chapter 5 describes how the pathway described above can be hijacked to induce the lysosomal degradation of proteins of interest. A ligand to the protein of interest is conjugated to a gluten peptide, allowing for the entire complex to be endocytosed in an LRP-1 dependent manner. The molecular cargo, including the protein of interest is degraded, and LRP-1 is recycled to the cell surface. Overall, this work offers insight into the molecular mechanisms behind antigen. processing and presentation in CeD, and how this knowledge can be used to design novel therapeutics for CeD and other diseases.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0212.
■650 4▼aRap music
■650 4▼aDendritic cells
■650 4▼aAntigen presentation
■650 4▼aFibroblasts
■650 4▼aAntibodies
■650 4▼aCytokines
■650 4▼aMicroscopy
■650 4▼aExtracellular matrix
■650 4▼aLymphocytes
■650 4▼aChemistry
■650 4▼aKinetics
■650 4▼aChemical bonds
■650 4▼aBone marrow
■650 4▼aGluten
■650 4▼aSmall intestine
■650 4▼aCeliac disease
■650 4▼aCell culture
■650 4▼aStains & staining
■650 4▼aCellular biology
■650 4▼aImmunology
■650 4▼aMusic
■690 ▼a0485
■690 ▼a0379
■690 ▼a0982
■690 ▼a0413
■71020▼aStanford University.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g85-12A.
■790 ▼a0212
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2024
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17160542▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


