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A Forever Shift or Just a Blip? Gauging the Impact of Pandemic Induced Flexibility on Activity Patterns, Spatial Habits, and Schedule Habits
A Forever Shift or Just a Blip? Gauging the Impact of Pandemic Induced Flexibility on Acti...
A Forever Shift or Just a Blip? Gauging the Impact of Pandemic Induced Flexibility on Activity Patterns, Spatial Habits, and Schedule Habits

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20250211152711
ISBN  
9798384448488
DDC  
385
저자명  
Bouzaghrane, Mohamed Amine.
서명/저자  
A Forever Shift or Just a Blip? Gauging the Impact of Pandemic Induced Flexibility on Activity Patterns, Spatial Habits, and Schedule Habits
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2024
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2024
형태사항  
172 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Walker, Joan.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2024.
초록/해제  
요약The COVID-19 pandemic sparked a significant shift in how we work and shop, resulting in wide adoption of remote work and e-commerce. These changes led us to rethink various aspects of our lives, including our living environments, work practices, consumption patterns, and time allocation patterns, among others. The pandemic thus provides a unique opportunity to examine research questions surrounding the adaptability of human behavior and the potential for lasting change in the aftermath of such a global crisis.The primary aim of this dissertation is to gauge the impact of pandemic-induced flexibility on activity patterns, spatial habits, and schedule habits, exploring whether the changes observed during the COVID-19 pandemic represent permanent shifts or only temporary adjustments. I do this through:• Collecting a comprehensive, longitudinal national dataset tracking the multifaceted impacts of the pandemic on human behavior, attitudes, and beliefs, using a mix of passive and active data collection methods.• Proposing a new metric that captures individual schedule regularity over time, while accounting for specific day-of-week characteristics.• Developing an analytical framework that recognizes the multifaceted nature of impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated relaxation of spatio-temporal activity constraints on travel behavior, and distinguishes the nature of such impacts across activity patterns, spatial habits, and schedule habits.• Evaluating the impact of telecommuting, as a key characteristic of the lifestyle changes ushered by the COVID-19 pandemic, on time-use and the diversity of locations visited.Methodological ContributionsHuman mobility has been repeatedly shown to be regular and predictable, as a result of both internal (e.g. circadian rhythms, psychological traits, sociodemographic characteristics, etc.) and external constraints (e.g. commuting requirements, social responsibilities, etc.). Such regularity has been shown to have significant impacts, such as increased social contact rates and playing a significant role in disease spreading. The relaxation of spatio-temporal constraints around key activities during the COVID-19 pandemic indicates a potential reshaping of such regularity and predictability. For example, as employees enjoy more autonomy on their preferred work environment and their schedules, including when to work and on what days to commute, it is reasonable to hypothesize that they would exhibit more irregular schedules, flexibly adjusting their activities to meet their own needs; running errands during regular business hours when work demands are not intense, and following working routines that might be synchronous with colleagues from different time zones. While intrapersonal variability in travel behavior is extensively researched by transportation researchers, such research has often addressed variability in mode use, trip frequency, distance traveled, or activity time use, leaving a missing gap in understanding schedule variability. Further, such research does not account for day-of-week characteristics, despite such consideration being important since outside societal obligations and constraints are usually tied to specific days of the week. In Chapter 3, I build on the extensive intrapersonal travel variability literature by proposing a new metric that captures the intrapersonal schedule similarity across weeks.This metric measures schedule regularity by computing the cosine similarity between the time allocation vectors of each individual for specific days of the week (i.e. Monday, Tuesday, etc.) across several weeks. In doing so, I control for characteristics of specific days of week, such as outside social constraints common to same day of the week. We use this metric to evaluate how the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated spatio-temporal activity constraints affected schedule similarity.Empirical ContributionsDatasetTransportation researchers have tried to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted different aspects of travel behavior. However, most of this research is cross-sectional, does not capture non-transportation factors that can influence travel behavior, and uses either active (survey) data or passive data, limiting our collective ability to understand the dynamic and interrelated impacts surrounding the pandemic. In Chapter 2, I present the design and implementation of a study aiming at the collection of data tracking the state of people throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S. I, along other collaborators, collected a rich panel dataset combining both active survey data and passive data from U.S. residents between January 2020 and September 2022. The fusing of the longitudinal active and passive data helps overcome the limitations of active or passive data when used individually and limitations posed by cross-sectional dataset and allows important research questions to be answered; for example, to determine the factors underlying the heterogeneous behavioral responses to COVID-19 restrictions imposed by local governments. The passive dataset overcomes provides a continuous stream of human mobility, compared to only location traces associated with cell phone activity, or use of specific applications, financial transactions, or transit services. This dataset complements existing datasets by: 1) combining large scale detailed passively collected. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest).
일반주제명  
Transportation
일반주제명  
Environmental engineering
키워드  
Pandemic
키워드  
Flexibility
키워드  
Activity patterns
키워드  
Spatial habits
키워드  
Schedule habits
기타저자  
University of California, Berkeley Civil and Environmental Engineering
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aBouzaghrane,  Mohamed  Amine.
■24512▼aA  Forever  Shift  or  Just  a  Blip?  Gauging  the  Impact  of  Pandemic  Induced  Flexibility  on  Activity  Patterns,  Spatial  Habits,  and  Schedule  Habits
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼c2024
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2024
■300    ▼a172  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Walker,  Joan.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  California,  Berkeley,  2024.
■520    ▼aThe  COVID-19  pandemic  sparked  a  significant  shift  in  how  we  work  and  shop,  resulting  in  wide  adoption  of  remote  work  and  e-commerce.  These  changes  led  us  to  rethink  various  aspects  of  our  lives,  including  our  living  environments,  work  practices,  consumption  patterns,  and  time  allocation  patterns,  among  others.  The  pandemic  thus  provides  a  unique  opportunity  to  examine  research  questions  surrounding  the  adaptability  of  human  behavior  and  the  potential  for  lasting  change  in  the  aftermath  of  such  a  global  crisis.The  primary  aim  of  this  dissertation  is  to  gauge  the  impact  of  pandemic-induced  flexibility  on  activity  patterns,  spatial  habits,  and  schedule  habits,  exploring  whether  the  changes  observed  during  the  COVID-19  pandemic  represent  permanent  shifts  or  only  temporary  adjustments.  I  do  this  through:•  Collecting  a  comprehensive,  longitudinal  national  dataset  tracking  the  multifaceted  impacts  of  the  pandemic  on  human  behavior,  attitudes,  and  beliefs,  using  a  mix  of  passive  and  active  data  collection  methods.•  Proposing  a  new  metric  that  captures  individual  schedule  regularity  over  time,  while  accounting  for  specific  day-of-week  characteristics.•  Developing  an  analytical  framework  that  recognizes  the  multifaceted  nature  of  impacts  of  the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  its  associated  relaxation  of  spatio-temporal  activity  constraints  on  travel  behavior,  and  distinguishes  the  nature  of  such  impacts  across  activity  patterns,  spatial  habits,  and  schedule  habits.•  Evaluating  the  impact  of  telecommuting,  as  a  key  characteristic  of  the  lifestyle  changes  ushered  by  the  COVID-19  pandemic,  on  time-use  and  the  diversity  of  locations  visited.Methodological  ContributionsHuman  mobility  has  been  repeatedly  shown  to  be  regular  and  predictable,  as  a  result  of  both  internal  (e.g.  circadian  rhythms,  psychological  traits,  sociodemographic  characteristics,  etc.)  and  external  constraints  (e.g.  commuting  requirements,  social  responsibilities,  etc.).  Such  regularity  has  been  shown  to  have  significant  impacts,  such  as  increased  social  contact  rates  and  playing  a  significant  role  in  disease  spreading.  The  relaxation  of  spatio-temporal  constraints  around  key  activities  during  the  COVID-19  pandemic  indicates  a  potential  reshaping  of  such  regularity  and  predictability.  For  example,  as  employees  enjoy  more  autonomy  on  their  preferred  work  environment  and  their  schedules,  including  when  to  work  and  on  what  days  to  commute,  it  is  reasonable  to  hypothesize  that  they  would  exhibit  more  irregular  schedules,  flexibly  adjusting  their  activities  to  meet  their  own  needs;  running  errands  during  regular  business  hours  when  work  demands  are  not  intense,  and  following  working  routines  that  might  be  synchronous  with  colleagues  from  different  time  zones.  While  intrapersonal  variability  in  travel  behavior  is  extensively  researched  by  transportation  researchers,  such  research  has  often  addressed  variability  in  mode  use,  trip  frequency,  distance  traveled,  or  activity  time  use,  leaving  a  missing  gap  in  understanding  schedule  variability.  Further,  such  research  does  not  account  for  day-of-week  characteristics,  despite  such  consideration  being  important  since  outside  societal  obligations  and  constraints  are  usually  tied  to  specific  days  of  the  week.  In  Chapter  3,  I  build  on  the  extensive  intrapersonal  travel  variability  literature  by  proposing  a  new  metric  that  captures  the  intrapersonal  schedule  similarity  across  weeks.This  metric  measures  schedule  regularity  by  computing  the  cosine  similarity  between  the  time  allocation  vectors  of  each  individual  for  specific  days  of  the  week  (i.e.  Monday,  Tuesday,  etc.)  across  several  weeks.  In  doing  so,  I  control  for  characteristics  of  specific  days  of  week,  such  as  outside  social  constraints  common  to  same  day  of  the  week.  We  use  this  metric  to  evaluate  how  the  COVID-19  pandemic  and  the  associated  spatio-temporal  activity  constraints  affected  schedule  similarity.Empirical  ContributionsDatasetTransportation  researchers  have  tried  to  understand  how  the  COVID-19  pandemic  impacted  different  aspects  of  travel  behavior.  However,  most  of  this  research  is  cross-sectional,  does  not  capture  non-transportation  factors  that  can  influence  travel  behavior,  and  uses  either  active  (survey)  data  or  passive  data,  limiting  our  collective  ability  to  understand  the  dynamic  and  interrelated  impacts  surrounding  the  pandemic.  In  Chapter  2,  I  present  the  design  and  implementation  of  a  study  aiming  at  the  collection  of  data  tracking  the  state  of  people  throughout  the  COVID-19  pandemic  in  the  U.S.  I,  along  other  collaborators,  collected  a  rich  panel  dataset  combining  both  active  survey  data  and  passive  data  from  U.S.  residents  between  January  2020  and  September  2022.  The  fusing  of  the  longitudinal  active  and  passive  data  helps  overcome  the  limitations  of  active  or  passive  data  when  used  individually  and  limitations  posed  by  cross-sectional  dataset  and  allows  important  research  questions  to  be  answered;  for  example,  to  determine  the  factors  underlying  the  heterogeneous  behavioral  responses  to  COVID-19  restrictions  imposed  by  local  governments.  The  passive  dataset  overcomes  provides  a  continuous  stream  of  human  mobility,  compared  to  only  location  traces  associated  with  cell  phone  activity,  or  use  of  specific  applications,  financial  transactions,  or  transit  services.  This  dataset  complements  existing  datasets  by:  1)  combining  large  scale  detailed  passively  collected.  (Abstract  shortened  by  ProQuest).
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0028.
■650  4▼aTransportation
■650  4▼aEnvironmental  engineering
■653    ▼aPandemic
■653    ▼aFlexibility
■653    ▼aActivity  patterns
■653    ▼aSpatial  habits
■653    ▼aSchedule  habits
■690    ▼a0709
■690    ▼a0543
■690    ▼a0775
■71020▼aUniversity  of  California,  Berkeley▼bCivil  and  Environmental  Engineering.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-04B.
■790    ▼a0028
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2024
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17163458▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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