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Dynamic Safety Under Uncertainty: A Control Barrier Function Approach
Dynamic Safety Under Uncertainty: A Control Barrier Function Approach
Dynamic Safety Under Uncertainty: A Control Barrier Function Approach

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104755
ISBN  
9798290653501
DDC  
004.6
저자명  
Cosner, Ryan Kazuo.
서명/저자  
Dynamic Safety Under Uncertainty: A Control Barrier Function Approach
발행사항  
[Sl] : California Institute of Technology, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
261 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Ames, Aaron.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--California Institute of Technology, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Modern technological achievements in robotics, machine learning, and control promise an exciting future where autonomous robots are a useful part of everyday life, from automated manufacturing and driverless cars to robotic healthcare and autonomous delivery drones. However, as robots are deployed in increasingly complex, uncertain, and human-interactive environments, safety becomes paramount; we cannot deploy these systems at scale unless we are rigorously assured of their safety. Despite the capabilities of modern robotics, practical real-world safety is often achieved through conservative hardware designs, confining deployment regulations, or restrictive assumptions that severely limit a robot's capabilities.The goal of this thesis is to develop methods for achieving dynamic safety: formal safety guarantees that preserve system performance and remain valid under uncertainty. To this end, this thesis advances the theory and practice of control barrier functions (CBFs), a leading framework for enforcing safety constraints on dynamical systems. While CBF-based methods offer strong theoretical guarantees, they do so by relying on several restrictive assumptions. Namely, they assume that the safety requirement and the system dynamics are compatible and that the dynamics model and state are perfectly known. These assumptions rarely hold in real-world settings and can result in false confidence and catastrophic safety failures when violated. This thesis addresses these gaps by systematically relaxing these assumptions and developing new theory to retain rigorous, deployable guarantees.By leveraging structural properties of several relevant classes of system dynamics, Chapter 3 presents a myriad of constructive synthesis methods that make CBF design feasible for a wide range of robots. Chapter 4 then develops robust control methods that retain their rigorous safety guarantees in the presence of bounded dynamics and measurement uncertainty. However, despite the utility of these methods in guaranteeing safety, they often lead to highly conservative behavior that compromises system performance. Thus, to mitigate this conservatism, Chapter 5 integrates machine learning techniques to reduce uncertainty and determine desired levels of robustness. While this unification of machine learning techniques with safetycritical control may sacrifice formal guarantees, it enables safe and performant behavior. Moreover, the robust CBF framework developed in Chapter 4 provides a valuable degree of interpretability absent from typical end-to-end approaches.Next, seeking a middle ground between conservative absolute guarantees and capable-but-heuristic methods, Chapter 6 adopts a probabilistic notion of safety that provides risk-based guarantees in the presence of unbounded disturbances. In particular, by illustrating the fundamental connection between DCBFs and supermartingales, it develops new theoretical guarantees and proposes several algorithms to achieve safety in the presence of stochastic uncertainty. Chapter 7 then deploys these methods on several complex systems experiencing significant uncertainty, including a quadrotor robot with a slung payload, a humanoid robot walking in unstructured environments, and multiple robots performing dynamic collision avoidance. To achieve this, we use generative modeling techniques to capture the necessary understanding of the uncertainty distribution. Here, we also forego the traditional CBF-based safety filter paradigm and show the performance and safety improvements that can be gained through the unification of CBFs and horizon-based methods such as model predictive control (MPC).Together, the contributions of this thesis represent an advancement towards dynamic, safe, and capable robotic autonomy under uncertainty. The risk-aware, robust safetycritical control methods proposed here help close the gap between theoretical safety guarantees and the demands of real-world deployment.
일반주제명  
High performance systems
일반주제명  
Robust control
일반주제명  
Control algorithms
일반주제명  
Writing
일반주제명  
Decision making
일반주제명  
Autonomous vehicles
일반주제명  
Controllers
일반주제명  
Robots
일반주제명  
Design
일반주제명  
Systems stability
일반주제명  
Distance learning
일반주제명  
Robotics
기타저자  
California Institute of Technology Engineering and Applied Science
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■24510▼aDynamic  Safety  Under  Uncertainty:  A  Control  Barrier  Function  Approach
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCalifornia  Institute  of  Technology▼c2025
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■300    ▼a261  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Ames,  Aaron.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--California  Institute  of  Technology,  2025.
■520    ▼aModern  technological  achievements  in  robotics,  machine  learning,  and  control  promise  an  exciting  future  where  autonomous  robots  are  a  useful  part  of  everyday  life,  from  automated  manufacturing  and  driverless  cars  to  robotic  healthcare  and  autonomous  delivery  drones.  However,  as  robots  are  deployed  in  increasingly  complex,  uncertain,  and  human-interactive  environments,  safety  becomes  paramount;  we  cannot  deploy  these  systems  at  scale  unless  we  are  rigorously  assured  of  their  safety.  Despite  the  capabilities  of  modern  robotics,  practical  real-world  safety  is  often  achieved  through  conservative  hardware  designs,  confining  deployment  regulations,  or  restrictive  assumptions  that  severely  limit  a  robot's  capabilities.The  goal  of  this  thesis  is  to  develop  methods  for  achieving  dynamic  safety:  formal  safety  guarantees  that  preserve  system  performance  and  remain  valid  under  uncertainty.  To  this  end,  this  thesis  advances  the  theory  and  practice  of  control  barrier  functions  (CBFs),  a  leading  framework  for  enforcing  safety  constraints  on  dynamical  systems.  While  CBF-based  methods  offer  strong  theoretical  guarantees,  they  do  so  by  relying  on  several  restrictive  assumptions.  Namely,  they  assume  that  the  safety  requirement  and  the  system  dynamics  are  compatible  and  that  the  dynamics  model  and  state  are  perfectly  known.  These  assumptions  rarely  hold  in  real-world  settings  and  can  result  in  false  confidence  and  catastrophic  safety  failures  when  violated.  This  thesis  addresses  these  gaps  by  systematically  relaxing  these  assumptions  and  developing  new  theory  to  retain  rigorous,  deployable  guarantees.By  leveraging  structural  properties  of  several  relevant  classes  of  system  dynamics,  Chapter  3  presents  a  myriad  of  constructive  synthesis  methods  that  make  CBF  design  feasible  for  a  wide  range  of  robots.  Chapter  4  then  develops  robust  control  methods  that  retain  their  rigorous  safety  guarantees  in  the  presence  of  bounded  dynamics  and  measurement  uncertainty.  However,  despite  the  utility  of  these  methods  in  guaranteeing  safety,  they  often  lead  to  highly  conservative  behavior  that  compromises  system  performance.  Thus,  to  mitigate  this  conservatism,  Chapter  5  integrates  machine  learning  techniques  to  reduce  uncertainty  and  determine  desired  levels  of  robustness.  While  this  unification  of  machine  learning  techniques  with  safetycritical  control  may  sacrifice  formal  guarantees,  it  enables  safe  and  performant  behavior.  Moreover,  the  robust  CBF  framework  developed  in  Chapter  4  provides  a  valuable  degree  of  interpretability  absent  from  typical  end-to-end  approaches.Next,  seeking  a  middle  ground  between  conservative  absolute  guarantees  and  capable-but-heuristic  methods,  Chapter  6  adopts  a  probabilistic  notion  of  safety  that  provides  risk-based  guarantees  in  the  presence  of  unbounded  disturbances.  In  particular,  by  illustrating  the  fundamental  connection  between  DCBFs  and  supermartingales,  it  develops  new  theoretical  guarantees  and  proposes  several  algorithms  to  achieve  safety  in  the  presence  of  stochastic  uncertainty.  Chapter  7  then  deploys  these  methods  on  several  complex  systems  experiencing  significant  uncertainty,  including  a  quadrotor  robot  with  a  slung  payload,  a  humanoid  robot  walking  in  unstructured  environments,  and  multiple  robots  performing  dynamic  collision  avoidance.  To  achieve  this,  we  use  generative  modeling  techniques  to  capture  the  necessary  understanding  of  the  uncertainty  distribution.  Here,  we  also  forego  the  traditional  CBF-based  safety  filter  paradigm  and  show  the  performance  and  safety  improvements  that  can  be  gained  through  the  unification  of  CBFs  and  horizon-based  methods  such  as  model  predictive  control  (MPC).Together,  the  contributions  of  this  thesis  represent  an  advancement  towards  dynamic,  safe,  and  capable  robotic  autonomy  under  uncertainty.  The  risk-aware,  robust  safetycritical  control  methods  proposed  here  help  close  the  gap  between  theoretical  safety  guarantees  and  the  demands  of  real-world  deployment.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0037.
■650  4▼aHigh  performance  systems
■650  4▼aRobust  control
■650  4▼aControl  algorithms
■650  4▼aWriting
■650  4▼aDecision  making
■650  4▼aAutonomous  vehicles
■650  4▼aControllers
■650  4▼aRobots
■650  4▼aDesign
■650  4▼aSystems  stability
■650  4▼aDistance  learning
■650  4▼aRobotics
■690    ▼a0771
■690    ▼a0389
■71020▼aCalifornia  Institute  of  Technology▼bEngineering  and  Applied  Science.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01B.
■790    ▼a0037
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358808▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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