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Evaluation and Impact of Mixing Phenomena & Injection Strategy on Ducted Fuel Injection Combustion
Evaluation and Impact of Mixing Phenomena & Injection Strategy on Ducted Fuel Injection Co...
Evaluation and Impact of Mixing Phenomena & Injection Strategy on Ducted Fuel Injection Combustion

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105328
ISBN  
9798263324421
DDC  
004
저자명  
Godbold, Conner W.
서명/저자  
Evaluation and Impact of Mixing Phenomena & Injection Strategy on Ducted Fuel Injection Combustion
발행사항  
[Sl] : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
135 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-06, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Steinberg, Adam.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Georgia Institute of Technology, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Diesel engines have long served society as powerplants for both transportation and power generation. While these engines possess high simple-cycle thermal efficiencies due to their high compression ratios and low pumping work, they are plagued by relatively high production of harmful emissions-such as particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen-per unit energy released. This elevated emission production per unit heat release stems from the non-premixed nature of the combustion process.One promising solution, demonstrated in early experiments to significantly reduce particulate matter formation, is Ducted Fuel Injection (DFI). DFI is believed to function akin to the nozzle of a Bunsen burner, where the fuel draws air into the fuel injector, thereby promoting leaner combustion. To this end, a hollow cylindrical body is positioned in front of the fuel injector within a diesel engine combustion chamber, and the fuel spray passes through it during the injection/combustion event. Existing literature has consistently shown that DFI increases ignition delay and lift-off length while concurrently decreasing particulate matter formation.This thesis pursued three primary objectives: experimentally investigating DFI's soot mitigation mechanisms, experimentally examining DFI's effect on lift-off length (LOL), and assessing pilot injection impacts on DFI's ignition characteristics and soot reduction.High-speed optical diagnostics under diesel engine conditions addressed the first two objectives, examining non-reacting mixing and reacting flow interactions across various duct geometries. Note that for the ducts tested and described herein, "D" indicates the inner diameter, "L" indicates the duct length, and "G" indicates the gap distance from the injector tip to the duct. D3L16G2.6, D2L16G2.6, D1L16G2.6, D2L8G2.6, and D1L8G2.6 ducts with a 90 µm injector orifice were used for this study.Regarding non-reacting mixing, variations in injection pressure minimally influenced mixing fields. Larger duct diameters increased upstream air entrainment, and the influence of duct length depended on diameter. A one-dimensional mass and momentum conservation based jet-pumping model was developed, to better understand the measured results. This model showed that larger duct exit diameters entrain more air due to having lower dynamic pressures at duct exit. Jet-pumping air mass flow rate initially rose with inlet diameter before asymptotically declining due to decreasing vacuum levels at the duct inlet.Reacting flow results aligned with literature, showing DFI increased LOL and ignition delay (ID), as well as decreased spatially integrated natural luminosity (SINL) compared to free-spray conditions. Three different flame stabilization modes were measured: detached, near-nozzle, and upstream of duct exit. The D1 and D3 configurations consistently stabilized flames in detached and upstream positions, respectively, while the D2 flame stabilization mode varied with injection pressures and chamber temperatures. Detached flames demonstrated nearly linear SINL reduction with increased LOL. When near-nozzle or upstream flames transitioned to detached, SINL dropped significantly.Non-dimensional analysis was used to evaluate if the yielded flame stabilization mode could be predicted. Higher injection pressures and lower chamber pressures favored flame detachment. A scalar dissipation rate estimation and chemical timescale calculations via constant-pressure reactors was used to calculated an effective Damkohler number (Da). Plotting duct exit-to-LOL measurements against Da revealed that Da could effectively predict which flame stabilization mode would occur for a given configuration and condition.The mixing data was then used to better interpret the reacting SINL measurements. A positive relationship was found between SINL and mass flow weighted cross-sectionally averaged equivalence ratio at LOL, as expected. Flames upstream of the duct exit did not align with the other configuration's results, which is likely due to in-duct combustion elevating the dynamic pressure at duct exit, causing the non-reacting mixing field to be non-indicative of the reacting one.
일반주제명  
Data processing
일반주제명  
Heat
일반주제명  
Diesel engines
일반주제명  
Engineering
일반주제명  
Mechanical engineering
키워드  
Spatially integrated natural luminosity
키워드  
Diesel engines
기타저자  
Georgia Institute of Technology.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-06B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)GeorgiaTech78698
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■1001  ▼aGodbold,  Conner  W.
■24510▼aEvaluation  and  Impact  of  Mixing  Phenomena  &  Injection  Strategy  on  Ducted  Fuel  Injection  Combustion
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a135  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-06,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Steinberg,  Adam.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Georgia  Institute  of  Technology,  2025.
■520    ▼aDiesel  engines  have  long  served  society  as  powerplants  for  both  transportation  and  power  generation.  While  these  engines  possess  high  simple-cycle  thermal  efficiencies  due  to  their  high  compression  ratios  and  low  pumping  work,  they  are  plagued  by  relatively  high  production  of  harmful  emissions-such  as  particulate  matter  and  oxides  of  nitrogen-per  unit  energy  released.  This  elevated  emission  production  per  unit  heat  release  stems  from  the  non-premixed  nature  of  the  combustion  process.One  promising  solution,  demonstrated  in  early  experiments  to  significantly  reduce  particulate  matter  formation,  is  Ducted  Fuel  Injection  (DFI).  DFI  is  believed  to  function  akin  to  the  nozzle  of  a  Bunsen  burner,  where  the  fuel  draws  air  into  the  fuel  injector,  thereby  promoting  leaner  combustion.  To  this  end,  a  hollow  cylindrical  body  is  positioned  in  front  of  the  fuel  injector  within  a  diesel  engine  combustion  chamber,  and  the  fuel  spray  passes  through  it  during  the  injection/combustion  event.  Existing  literature  has  consistently  shown  that  DFI  increases  ignition  delay  and  lift-off  length  while  concurrently  decreasing  particulate  matter  formation.This  thesis  pursued  three  primary  objectives:  experimentally  investigating  DFI's  soot  mitigation  mechanisms,  experimentally  examining  DFI's  effect  on  lift-off  length  (LOL),  and  assessing  pilot  injection  impacts  on  DFI's  ignition  characteristics  and  soot  reduction.High-speed  optical  diagnostics  under  diesel  engine  conditions  addressed  the  first  two  objectives,  examining  non-reacting  mixing  and  reacting  flow  interactions  across  various  duct  geometries.  Note  that  for  the  ducts  tested  and  described  herein,  "D"  indicates  the  inner  diameter,  "L"  indicates  the  duct  length,  and  "G"  indicates  the  gap  distance  from  the  injector  tip  to  the  duct.  D3L16G2.6,  D2L16G2.6,  D1L16G2.6,  D2L8G2.6,  and  D1L8G2.6  ducts  with  a  90  µm  injector  orifice  were  used  for  this  study.Regarding  non-reacting  mixing,  variations  in  injection  pressure  minimally  influenced  mixing  fields.  Larger  duct  diameters  increased  upstream  air  entrainment,  and  the  influence  of  duct  length  depended  on  diameter.  A  one-dimensional  mass  and  momentum  conservation  based  jet-pumping  model  was  developed,  to  better  understand  the  measured  results.  This  model  showed  that  larger  duct  exit  diameters  entrain  more  air  due  to  having  lower  dynamic  pressures  at  duct  exit.  Jet-pumping  air  mass  flow  rate  initially  rose  with  inlet  diameter  before  asymptotically  declining  due  to  decreasing  vacuum  levels  at  the  duct  inlet.Reacting  flow  results  aligned  with  literature,  showing  DFI  increased  LOL  and  ignition  delay  (ID),  as  well  as  decreased  spatially  integrated  natural  luminosity  (SINL)  compared  to  free-spray  conditions.  Three  different  flame  stabilization  modes  were  measured:  detached,  near-nozzle,  and  upstream  of  duct  exit.  The  D1  and  D3  configurations  consistently  stabilized  flames  in  detached  and  upstream  positions,  respectively,  while  the  D2  flame  stabilization  mode  varied  with  injection  pressures  and  chamber  temperatures.  Detached  flames  demonstrated  nearly  linear  SINL  reduction  with  increased  LOL.  When  near-nozzle  or  upstream  flames  transitioned  to  detached,  SINL  dropped  significantly.Non-dimensional  analysis  was  used  to  evaluate  if  the  yielded  flame  stabilization  mode  could  be  predicted.  Higher  injection  pressures  and  lower  chamber  pressures  favored  flame  detachment.  A  scalar  dissipation  rate  estimation  and  chemical  timescale  calculations  via  constant-pressure  reactors  was  used  to  calculated  an  effective  Damkohler  number  (Da).  Plotting  duct  exit-to-LOL  measurements  against  Da  revealed  that  Da  could  effectively  predict  which  flame  stabilization  mode  would  occur  for  a  given  configuration  and  condition.The  mixing  data  was  then  used  to  better  interpret  the  reacting  SINL  measurements.  A  positive  relationship  was  found  between  SINL  and  mass  flow  weighted  cross-sectionally  averaged  equivalence  ratio  at  LOL,  as  expected.  Flames  upstream  of  the  duct  exit  did  not  align  with  the  other  configuration's  results,  which  is  likely  due  to  in-duct  combustion  elevating  the  dynamic  pressure  at  duct  exit,  causing  the  non-reacting  mixing  field  to  be  non-indicative  of  the  reacting  one.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0078.
■650  4▼aData  processing
■650  4▼aHeat
■650  4▼aDiesel  engines
■650  4▼aEngineering
■650  4▼aMechanical  engineering
■653    ▼aSpatially  integrated  natural  luminosity
■653    ▼aDiesel  engines
■690    ▼a0537
■690    ▼a0548
■71020▼aGeorgia  Institute  of  Technology.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-06B.
■790    ▼a0078
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17360249▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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