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Neutral Fueling and Exhaust in the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak With Resonant Magnetic Perturbations
Neutral Fueling and Exhaust in the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak With Resonant Magnetic Perturbations
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202104813
- ISBN
- 9798288881381
- DDC
- 530
- 저자명
- Flesch, Kurt.
- 서명/저자
- Neutral Fueling and Exhaust in the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak With Resonant Magnetic Perturbations
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 172 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Schmitz, Oliver.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Protecting plasma-facing components from damaging amounts of heat and particle fluxes is vital for the development of fusion power plants. Particularly when operating in H-mode, high levels of transient plasma fluxes to material surfaces are expected due to energy and particle losses from a plasma instability called Edge Localized Modes (ELM). In order to mitigate ELMs, small amplitude Resonant Magnetic Perturbation (RMPs) fields are used. However, they induce an open chaotic edge layer and a 3D shape of the plasma boundary. It is observed that in this new edge condition, ELM suppression by RMPs is accompanied by a reduction in plasma density, called particle pump-out. The cause of this particle pump-out was studied in this work through analysis of both experimental data and simulation modeling. For experiments, the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) was used and the modeling was conducted with the fully 3D fluid plasma edge and kinetic neutral transport code EMC3-EIRENE. We consider both an H-mode scenario as well as an low confinement L-mode scenario at MAST, in order to investigate if there is a universal underlying mechanism that drives the pump-out. As a first step, a single reservoir balance model was applied to these 2 experimental scenarios. This model equates rate of change of the total number of plasma particles in the confined volume to the particle sources and sinks. In this case, the source is the ionization processes that fuel the plasma. This particle source rate must be very well defined to use in the particle balance and was determined from measured Dα emission in the plasma edge and the local plasma conditions. To account for any stray reflected light that did not come from the edge, a virtual diagnostic was made using the CHERAB code which found only approximately 3.5% of the light came from reflections. Calculating the fueling rate supports that particle fueling is increased as the RMPs were applied. This implies within the single reservoir particle balance that the average particle confinement time in the plasma decreased by 15% in the L-mode scenario and 10% in the H-mode. This first analysis suggests that the density drop is caused by a loss of confinement and not a reduced particle source. To investigate the role of the particle source in detail, a multi-reservoir particle balance model was used. This model includes reservoirs for the plasma, atoms, molecules, and wall particles with typical residing times and has terms for interactions among all of them. The terms for the wall surface interaction and molecular dissociation terms were modified from those originally included in the model. Results from the model were able to match well when compared to the experimental values of plasma density, Dα emission, and neutral pressure. The remaining free term in the particle balance after this step was the fueling efficiency. To test whether a change in efficiency could explain the particle pump-out, a 15% drop in fueling efficiency was introduced in the multi-reservoir model for the L-mode scenario when the RMPs were applied and 10% drop for the H-mode and the confinement time was raised to match the unperturbed cases. The results for density, Dα emission, and pressure with a decreased fueling efficiency were nearly identical to the results with the decreased confinement time, indicating that due to the global nature and approximations used in this model, a change in confinement or a change in particle fueling source efficiency would be indistinguishable. In order to parse this difference farther, the EMC3-EIRENE code was used to model these scenarios and inspect the impact of the 3-D nature of the magnetic structure of the open chaotic layer on the particle fueling efficiency. By following field lines in the edge of the plasma, it was seen that regions of the plasma where ionzations occur that were previously on good flux surfaces now occur on open chaotic field lines with direct connections to the divertor targets. The ionization source and flow velocities in these regions have the same characteristics as the unperturbed Scrape Off Layer (SOL), or a slightly extended SOL. By following field lines 100 m from the divertor surfaces, the length of this new extended SOL in the chaotic region, a new volume of the simulation domain can be determined where the particle transport is dominated by parallel convection, and therefore ionizations occurring on these open field lines cannot contribute to the confined plasma. The connection length to define this open volume was constrained based on a 3D analysis of the finite plasma flows towards the target in terms of the Mach number in the EMC3-EIRENE solution. From this analysis, a fueling efficiency was determined by comparing the fueling within the confined plasma in the axisymmetric cases to the RMP cases where the confined volume was constrained by this physics based approach to defining the new SOL with direct connection to the divertor. This showed a decrease in the fueling efficiency when RMPs are applied of 21% for H-mode and 12% for L-mode because of the existence of the new SOL layer formed by the open chaotic field domain.
- 일반주제명
- Plasma physics
- 일반주제명
- Nuclear physics
- 일반주제명
- Nuclear engineering
- 일반주제명
- Particle physics
- 키워드
- Fusion energy
- 키워드
- Scrape Off Layer
- 기타저자
- The University of Wisconsin - Madison Nuclear Engineering & Engineering Physics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202104813
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798288881381
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32167739
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a530
■1001 ▼aFlesch, Kurt.
■24510▼aNeutral Fueling and Exhaust in the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak With Resonant Magnetic Perturbations
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe University of Wisconsin - Madison▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a172 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Schmitz, Oliver.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2025.
■520 ▼aProtecting plasma-facing components from damaging amounts of heat and particle fluxes is vital for the development of fusion power plants. Particularly when operating in H-mode, high levels of transient plasma fluxes to material surfaces are expected due to energy and particle losses from a plasma instability called Edge Localized Modes (ELM). In order to mitigate ELMs, small amplitude Resonant Magnetic Perturbation (RMPs) fields are used. However, they induce an open chaotic edge layer and a 3D shape of the plasma boundary. It is observed that in this new edge condition, ELM suppression by RMPs is accompanied by a reduction in plasma density, called particle pump-out. The cause of this particle pump-out was studied in this work through analysis of both experimental data and simulation modeling. For experiments, the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) was used and the modeling was conducted with the fully 3D fluid plasma edge and kinetic neutral transport code EMC3-EIRENE. We consider both an H-mode scenario as well as an low confinement L-mode scenario at MAST, in order to investigate if there is a universal underlying mechanism that drives the pump-out. As a first step, a single reservoir balance model was applied to these 2 experimental scenarios. This model equates rate of change of the total number of plasma particles in the confined volume to the particle sources and sinks. In this case, the source is the ionization processes that fuel the plasma. This particle source rate must be very well defined to use in the particle balance and was determined from measured Dα emission in the plasma edge and the local plasma conditions. To account for any stray reflected light that did not come from the edge, a virtual diagnostic was made using the CHERAB code which found only approximately 3.5% of the light came from reflections. Calculating the fueling rate supports that particle fueling is increased as the RMPs were applied. This implies within the single reservoir particle balance that the average particle confinement time in the plasma decreased by 15% in the L-mode scenario and 10% in the H-mode. This first analysis suggests that the density drop is caused by a loss of confinement and not a reduced particle source. To investigate the role of the particle source in detail, a multi-reservoir particle balance model was used. This model includes reservoirs for the plasma, atoms, molecules, and wall particles with typical residing times and has terms for interactions among all of them. The terms for the wall surface interaction and molecular dissociation terms were modified from those originally included in the model. Results from the model were able to match well when compared to the experimental values of plasma density, Dα emission, and neutral pressure. The remaining free term in the particle balance after this step was the fueling efficiency. To test whether a change in efficiency could explain the particle pump-out, a 15% drop in fueling efficiency was introduced in the multi-reservoir model for the L-mode scenario when the RMPs were applied and 10% drop for the H-mode and the confinement time was raised to match the unperturbed cases. The results for density, Dα emission, and pressure with a decreased fueling efficiency were nearly identical to the results with the decreased confinement time, indicating that due to the global nature and approximations used in this model, a change in confinement or a change in particle fueling source efficiency would be indistinguishable. In order to parse this difference farther, the EMC3-EIRENE code was used to model these scenarios and inspect the impact of the 3-D nature of the magnetic structure of the open chaotic layer on the particle fueling efficiency. By following field lines in the edge of the plasma, it was seen that regions of the plasma where ionzations occur that were previously on good flux surfaces now occur on open chaotic field lines with direct connections to the divertor targets. The ionization source and flow velocities in these regions have the same characteristics as the unperturbed Scrape Off Layer (SOL), or a slightly extended SOL. By following field lines 100 m from the divertor surfaces, the length of this new extended SOL in the chaotic region, a new volume of the simulation domain can be determined where the particle transport is dominated by parallel convection, and therefore ionizations occurring on these open field lines cannot contribute to the confined plasma. The connection length to define this open volume was constrained based on a 3D analysis of the finite plasma flows towards the target in terms of the Mach number in the EMC3-EIRENE solution. From this analysis, a fueling efficiency was determined by comparing the fueling within the confined plasma in the axisymmetric cases to the RMP cases where the confined volume was constrained by this physics based approach to defining the new SOL with direct connection to the divertor. This showed a decrease in the fueling efficiency when RMPs are applied of 21% for H-mode and 12% for L-mode because of the existence of the new SOL layer formed by the open chaotic field domain.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0262.
■650 4▼aPlasma physics
■650 4▼aNuclear physics
■650 4▼aNuclear engineering
■650 4▼aParticle physics
■653 ▼aFusion energy
■653 ▼aResonant Magnetic Perturbation
■653 ▼aMega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak
■653 ▼aEdge Localized Modes
■653 ▼aScrape Off Layer
■690 ▼a0759
■690 ▼a0552
■690 ▼a0756
■690 ▼a0798
■71020▼aThe University of Wisconsin - Madison▼bNuclear Engineering & Engineering Physics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0262
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17358947▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


