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Genetic Covariance Between Populations and Chromosomal Contributions to Genetic Variance in Maize
Genetic Covariance Between Populations and Chromosomal Contributions to Genetic Variance i...
Genetic Covariance Between Populations and Chromosomal Contributions to Genetic Variance in Maize

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202105157
ISBN  
9798297648999
DDC  
580
저자명  
Rebollo Panuncio, Maria Ines.
서명/저자  
Genetic Covariance Between Populations and Chromosomal Contributions to Genetic Variance in Maize
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Minnesota, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
109 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-04, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Bernardo, Rex.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Minnesota, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Variance, a measure of dispersion of a variable around its mean, and covariance, a measure of the joint variation of two variables, have long been foundational concepts in quantitative genetics. Models and simulations often assume homogeneous genetic variances and covariances between populations and uniform distributions of quantitative trait loci across populations. However, these assumptions are frequently violated in practical breeding programs that involve structured populations with different pedigrees. In this work, I first developed and validated a framework for estimating the genetic covariance between populations via their molecular marker effects in a simulated dataset with known covariances, and in a maize (Zea mays L.) dataset from a commercial breeding program. The simulated populations confirmed the method's expected behavior, whereas the maize dataset showed trait- and population-specific covariance patterns. Next, I evaluated whether modeling heterogeneous genetic covariances among structured populations improves the accuracy of genomewide prediction compared to conventional homogeneous covariance models. Using both simulated and maize data, I found no consistent advantage of heterogeneous covariance models; simpler homogeneous covariance models generally provided equal or better predictive performance. A theoretical analysis indicated that benefits of heterogeneous models depend on a relationship between marker similarity and genetic covariance, but this relationship was not prevalent in the data. Finally, I evaluated whether the contribution of each chromosome to genetic variance is proportional to its length. The results showed that the genetic variance contributed by each chromosome was generally proportional to chromosome size. Exceptions to this pattern arose from the preponderance of either coupling linkages, which produced a higher-than-expected contribution, or repulsion linkages, which produced a lower-than-expected contribution. This result indicated that for quantitative traits in elite maize germplasm, genetic gains will mostly arise from finding favorable arrangements of alleles on chromosomes rather than finding chromosome copies that carry multiple major genes.
일반주제명  
Plant sciences
일반주제명  
Genetics
일반주제명  
Microbiology
일반주제명  
Biology
키워드  
Genomic prediction
키워드  
Quantitative genetics
키워드  
Zea mays
키워드  
Breeding programs
기타저자  
University of Minnesota Applied Plant Sciences
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-04B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a580
■1001  ▼aRebollo  Panuncio,  Maria  Ines.
■24510▼aGenetic  Covariance  Between  Populations  and  Chromosomal  Contributions  to  Genetic  Variance  in  Maize
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Minnesota▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a109  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-04,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Bernardo,  Rex.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Minnesota,  2025.
■520    ▼aVariance,  a  measure  of  dispersion  of  a  variable  around  its  mean,  and  covariance,  a  measure  of  the  joint  variation  of  two  variables,  have  long  been  foundational  concepts  in  quantitative  genetics.  Models  and  simulations  often  assume  homogeneous  genetic  variances  and  covariances  between  populations  and  uniform  distributions  of  quantitative  trait  loci  across  populations.  However,  these  assumptions  are  frequently  violated  in  practical  breeding  programs  that  involve  structured  populations  with  different  pedigrees.  In  this  work,  I  first  developed  and  validated  a  framework  for  estimating  the  genetic  covariance  between  populations  via  their  molecular  marker  effects  in  a  simulated  dataset  with  known  covariances,  and  in  a  maize  (Zea  mays  L.)  dataset  from  a  commercial  breeding  program.  The  simulated  populations  confirmed  the  method's  expected  behavior,  whereas  the  maize  dataset  showed  trait-  and  population-specific  covariance  patterns.  Next,  I  evaluated  whether  modeling  heterogeneous  genetic  covariances  among  structured  populations  improves  the  accuracy  of  genomewide  prediction  compared  to  conventional  homogeneous  covariance  models.  Using  both  simulated  and  maize  data,  I  found  no  consistent  advantage  of  heterogeneous  covariance  models;  simpler  homogeneous  covariance  models  generally  provided  equal  or  better  predictive  performance.  A  theoretical  analysis  indicated  that  benefits  of  heterogeneous  models  depend  on  a  relationship  between  marker  similarity  and  genetic  covariance,  but  this  relationship  was  not  prevalent  in  the  data.  Finally,  I  evaluated  whether  the  contribution  of  each  chromosome  to  genetic  variance  is  proportional  to  its  length.  The  results  showed  that  the  genetic  variance  contributed  by  each  chromosome  was  generally  proportional  to  chromosome  size.  Exceptions  to  this  pattern  arose  from  the  preponderance  of  either  coupling  linkages,  which  produced  a  higher-than-expected  contribution,  or  repulsion  linkages,  which  produced  a  lower-than-expected  contribution.  This  result  indicated  that  for  quantitative  traits  in  elite  maize  germplasm,  genetic  gains  will  mostly  arise  from  finding  favorable  arrangements  of  alleles  on  chromosomes  rather  than  finding  chromosome  copies  that  carry  multiple  major  genes.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0130.
■650  4▼aPlant  sciences
■650  4▼aGenetics
■650  4▼aMicrobiology
■650  4▼aBiology
■653    ▼aGenomic  prediction
■653    ▼aQuantitative  genetics
■653    ▼aZea  mays
■653    ▼aBreeding  programs
■690    ▼a0479
■690    ▼a0369
■690    ▼a0410
■690    ▼a0306
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Minnesota▼bApplied  Plant  Sciences.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-04B.
■790    ▼a0130
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359680▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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