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Three Essays in Asset Pricing and Machine Learning
Three Essays in Asset Pricing and Machine Learning
Three Essays in Asset Pricing and Machine Learning

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103159
ISBN  
9798283140704
DDC  
658
저자명  
Bini, Pietro.
서명/저자  
Three Essays in Asset Pricing and Machine Learning
발행사항  
[Sl] : Cornell University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
241 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-12, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Cong, Lin.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation investigates two significant areas in financial markets: the institutional dynamics of life insurance companies as major corporate bond investors, and the emerging challenges of large language models applications in finance. Together, these research streams contribute to our understanding of both traditional financial institutions and innovative technological disruptions in the field.In the first two chapters, I examine the critical role of life insurance companies as the largest domestic investors in the corporate bond market. Chapter 1 analyzes the implications of life insurance companies outsourcing their investment decisions to external advisers. Life insurers collectively outsource nearly $1 trillion in bond investments to a relatively small number of common external advisers, rais- ing important questions about systemic risk through portfolio concentration. My research finds that portfolio similarity is three times higher between insurer pairs with the same adviser, and 1.5 times higher between insurer-mutual fund pairs sharing an adviser. This interconnectedness has dual implications for systemic risk: while portfolio similarity amplifies fire sale risks when these institutions face common shocks (such as during monetary tightening cycles), it can also enhance financial stability when institutions face divergent shocks. During mutual fund outflows, insurers purchasing bonds sold by associated mutual funds provide a stabilizing effect on market prices.Chapter 2 (joint work with David Ng and Xing Zhou) studies the sources and frictions of alpha in insurance corporate bond portfolios. We study the perfor- mance of corporate bond portfolios of life insurers based on detailed daily portfo- lios that we construct from the combination of holdings and transaction data from regulatory filings. Our analysis reveals that, on average, life insurers' portfolios do not outperform the broader market, although performance varies significantly across insurers and over time. We find that investments in illiquid bonds can yield higher returns and alpha; however, regulatory restrictions on managing the duration gap between assets and liabilities offset these potential gains.Building on my interest in financial market dynamics, Chapter 3 (joint work with Will Cong, Xing Huang, and Lawrence J. Jin) extends my research into the frontier of financial technology by examining behavioral biases in Large Language Models (LLMs) when making economic and financial decisions. This work ad- dresses critical questions about the reliability of AI systems in financial applica- tions: Do generative AI models exhibit systematic behavioral biases similar to hu- mans? If so, how can these biases be mitigated? We conduct a comprehensive set of experiments-originally designed to document human biases-on prominent LLM families with variations in model version and scale. Our findings reveal that for experiments concerning the psychology of preferences, LLM responses become increasingly irrational and human-like as models become more advanced or larger. Conversely, for experiments concerning the psychology of beliefs, the most advanced large-scale models frequently generate more rational responses. We further explore various methods for correcting these behavioral biases and find that prompting LLMs to make decisions according to the Expected Utility framework appears most effective.This dissertation contributes to both traditional finance literature on institutional investors and the emerging field of AI applications in finance, offering insights that enhance our understanding of financial market stability and the potential limitations of technological innovation in the sector.
일반주제명  
Finance
일반주제명  
Computer science
키워드  
Behavioral biases
키워드  
Corporate bonds
키워드  
Insurance
키워드  
Large language models
키워드  
Machine learning
기타저자  
Cornell University Management
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-12B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aBini,  Pietro.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-8346-0533
■24510▼aThree  Essays  in  Asset  Pricing  and  Machine  Learning
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bCornell  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a241  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-12,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Cong,  Lin.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Cornell  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  investigates  two  significant  areas  in  financial  markets:  the  institutional  dynamics  of  life  insurance  companies  as  major  corporate  bond  investors,  and  the  emerging  challenges  of  large  language  models  applications  in  finance.  Together,  these  research  streams  contribute  to  our  understanding  of  both  traditional  financial  institutions  and  innovative  technological  disruptions  in  the  field.In  the  first  two  chapters,  I  examine  the  critical  role  of  life  insurance  companies  as  the  largest  domestic  investors  in  the  corporate  bond  market.  Chapter  1  analyzes  the  implications  of  life  insurance  companies  outsourcing  their  investment  decisions  to  external  advisers.  Life  insurers  collectively  outsource  nearly  $1  trillion  in  bond  investments  to  a  relatively  small  number  of  common  external  advisers,  rais-  ing  important  questions  about  systemic  risk  through  portfolio  concentration.  My  research  finds  that  portfolio  similarity  is  three  times  higher  between  insurer  pairs  with  the  same  adviser,  and  1.5  times  higher  between  insurer-mutual  fund  pairs  sharing  an  adviser.  This  interconnectedness  has  dual  implications  for  systemic  risk:  while  portfolio  similarity  amplifies  fire  sale  risks  when  these  institutions  face  common  shocks  (such  as  during  monetary  tightening  cycles),  it  can  also  enhance  financial  stability  when  institutions  face  divergent  shocks.  During  mutual  fund  outflows,  insurers  purchasing  bonds  sold  by  associated  mutual  funds  provide  a  stabilizing  effect  on  market  prices.Chapter  2  (joint  work  with  David  Ng  and  Xing  Zhou)  studies  the  sources  and  frictions  of  alpha  in  insurance  corporate  bond  portfolios.  We  study  the  perfor-  mance  of  corporate  bond  portfolios  of  life  insurers  based  on  detailed  daily  portfo-  lios  that  we  construct  from  the  combination  of  holdings  and  transaction  data  from  regulatory  filings.  Our  analysis  reveals  that,  on  average,  life  insurers'  portfolios  do  not  outperform  the  broader  market,  although  performance  varies  significantly  across  insurers  and  over  time.  We  find  that  investments  in  illiquid  bonds  can  yield  higher  returns  and  alpha;  however,  regulatory  restrictions  on  managing  the  duration  gap  between  assets  and  liabilities  offset  these  potential  gains.Building  on  my  interest  in  financial  market  dynamics,  Chapter  3  (joint  work  with  Will  Cong,  Xing  Huang,  and  Lawrence  J.  Jin)  extends  my  research  into  the  frontier  of  financial  technology  by  examining  behavioral  biases  in  Large  Language  Models  (LLMs)  when  making  economic  and  financial  decisions.  This  work  ad-  dresses  critical  questions  about  the  reliability  of  AI  systems  in  financial  applica-  tions:  Do  generative  AI  models  exhibit  systematic  behavioral  biases  similar  to  hu-  mans?  If  so,  how  can  these  biases  be  mitigated?  We  conduct  a  comprehensive  set  of  experiments-originally  designed  to  document  human  biases-on  prominent  LLM  families  with  variations  in  model  version  and  scale.  Our  findings  reveal  that  for  experiments  concerning  the  psychology  of  preferences,  LLM  responses  become  increasingly  irrational  and  human-like  as  models  become  more  advanced  or  larger.  Conversely,  for  experiments  concerning  the  psychology  of  beliefs,  the  most  advanced  large-scale  models  frequently  generate  more  rational  responses.  We  further  explore  various  methods  for  correcting  these  behavioral  biases  and  find  that  prompting  LLMs  to  make  decisions  according  to  the  Expected  Utility  framework  appears  most  effective.This  dissertation  contributes  to  both  traditional  finance  literature  on  institutional  investors  and  the  emerging  field  of  AI  applications  in  finance,  offering  insights  that  enhance  our  understanding  of  financial  market  stability  and  the  potential  limitations  of  technological  innovation  in  the  sector.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0058.
■650  4▼aFinance
■650  4▼aComputer  science
■653    ▼aBehavioral  biases
■653    ▼aCorporate  bonds
■653    ▼aInsurance
■653    ▼aLarge  language  models
■653    ▼aMachine  learning
■690    ▼a0508
■690    ▼a0984
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0454
■71020▼aCornell  University▼bManagement.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-12B.
■790    ▼a0058
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357270▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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