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Essays in Labor Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics
Essays in Labor Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics
Essays in Labor Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104849
ISBN  
9798288816628
DDC  
641.3
저자명  
Caratelli, Daniele.
서명/저자  
Essays in Labor Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2023
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2023
형태사항  
150 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Auclert, Adrien;Kehoe, Patrick.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2023.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation explores three questions in macroeconomics: two pertaining to labor macroeconomics and one concerning monetary economics.The first chapter, Labor Market Recoveries Across the Wealth Distribution, studies why, even after accounting for standard characteristics, low-wealth workers experience larger falls and slower recoveries in earnings than high-wealth workers do after the onset of recessions. I show that differences in job-switching and job-losing rates are important in explaining these dynamics. To do so, I build a quantitative search and matching model with incomplete markets, on-the-job search, and in which workers who switch jobs experience an increase in the risk of subsequent job-loss, a fact I document empirically. Wages are determined by a generalized alternating offer bargaining protocol that accommodates risk-aversion and wealth accumulation. Using this model, I conclude that cyclical differences in job-switching and job-losing by wealth, which the model can endogenously reproduce, explain 40 percent of the gap in the earnings recovery between lowand high-wealth workers following the Great Recession. I apply the model to study the post-Pandemic behavior of job-switching and show that fiscal stimulus alleviated its fall and sustained its recovery.The second chapter, Optimal Monetary Policy with Menu Costs is Nominal Wage Targeting, is co-authored with Basil Halperin. Here, we show analytically that ensuring stable nominal wage growth is optimal monetary policy in a multisector economy with menu costs. This nominal wage targeting contrasts with inflation targeting, the optimal policy prescribed by the textbook New Keynesian model in which firms are permitted to adjust their prices only randomly and exogenously. The key intuition is that stabilizing nominal wages minimizes the number of firms which need to adjust their prices, and therefore minimizes resources wasted on menu costs. The model captures a broad conception of the fixed costs of price adjustment - whether they be physical, informational, or behavioral menu costs - which the literature has found to be large. We also use our results to shed new light on the standard model, highlighting the underappreciated critical role of convexity (or not) in the welfare costs of price adjustment. Finally, we show that the analytical superiority of nominal wage targeting carries over in a sophisticated computational model.The third chapter, On the Decline in Worker Mobility: Learning in School Versus on the Job, is co-authored with Aniket Baksy. In this paper we ask why has worker mobility in the United States declined so much over the past decades? While previous work attributes this decline to reduced labor market dynamism, this paper reveals that a large part of this trend is due to increased educational attainment among workers. Higher education affects labor mobility in two ways. First, having a larger share of young workers in school rather than in the labor market precludes these very workers, who are typically most mobile, from switching jobs and occupations. Second, education provides workers an alternative to learning about their "type" making educated workers less reliant on experimenting with new jobs.
일반주제명  
Ingredients
일반주제명  
Pandemics
일반주제명  
Tenure
일반주제명  
Households
일반주제명  
Education
키워드  
Labor market
키워드  
Wage targeting
키워드  
Macroeconomics
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aCaratelli,  Daniele.
■24510▼aEssays  in  Labor  Macroeconomics  and  Monetary  Economics
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2023
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2023
■300    ▼a150  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-01,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Auclert,  Adrien;Kehoe,  Patrick.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2023.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  explores  three  questions  in  macroeconomics:  two  pertaining  to  labor  macroeconomics  and  one  concerning  monetary  economics.The  first  chapter,  Labor  Market  Recoveries  Across  the  Wealth  Distribution,  studies  why,  even  after  accounting  for  standard  characteristics,  low-wealth  workers  experience  larger  falls  and  slower  recoveries  in  earnings  than  high-wealth  workers  do  after  the  onset  of  recessions.  I  show  that  differences  in  job-switching  and  job-losing  rates  are  important  in  explaining  these  dynamics.  To  do  so,  I  build  a  quantitative  search  and  matching  model  with  incomplete  markets,  on-the-job  search,  and  in  which  workers  who  switch  jobs  experience  an  increase  in  the  risk  of  subsequent  job-loss,  a  fact  I  document  empirically.  Wages  are  determined  by  a  generalized  alternating  offer  bargaining  protocol  that  accommodates  risk-aversion  and  wealth  accumulation.  Using  this  model,  I  conclude  that  cyclical  differences  in  job-switching  and  job-losing  by  wealth,  which  the  model  can  endogenously  reproduce,  explain  40  percent  of  the  gap  in  the  earnings  recovery  between  lowand  high-wealth  workers  following  the  Great  Recession.  I  apply  the  model  to  study  the  post-Pandemic  behavior  of  job-switching  and  show  that  fiscal  stimulus  alleviated  its  fall  and  sustained  its  recovery.The  second  chapter,  Optimal  Monetary  Policy  with  Menu  Costs  is  Nominal  Wage  Targeting,  is  co-authored  with  Basil  Halperin.  Here,  we  show  analytically  that  ensuring  stable  nominal  wage  growth  is  optimal  monetary  policy  in  a  multisector  economy  with  menu  costs.  This  nominal  wage  targeting  contrasts  with  inflation  targeting,  the  optimal  policy  prescribed  by  the  textbook  New  Keynesian  model  in  which  firms  are  permitted  to  adjust  their  prices  only  randomly  and  exogenously.  The  key  intuition  is  that  stabilizing  nominal  wages  minimizes  the  number  of  firms  which  need  to  adjust  their  prices,  and  therefore  minimizes  resources  wasted  on  menu  costs.  The  model  captures  a  broad  conception  of  the  fixed  costs  of  price  adjustment  -  whether  they  be  physical,  informational,  or  behavioral  menu  costs  -  which  the  literature  has  found  to  be  large.  We  also  use  our  results  to  shed  new  light  on  the  standard  model,  highlighting  the  underappreciated  critical  role  of  convexity  (or  not)  in  the  welfare  costs  of  price  adjustment.  Finally,  we  show  that  the  analytical  superiority  of  nominal  wage  targeting  carries  over  in  a  sophisticated  computational  model.The  third  chapter,  On  the  Decline  in  Worker  Mobility:  Learning  in  School  Versus  on  the  Job,  is  co-authored  with  Aniket  Baksy.  In  this  paper  we  ask  why  has  worker  mobility  in  the  United  States  declined  so  much  over  the  past  decades?  While  previous  work  attributes  this  decline  to  reduced  labor  market  dynamism,  this  paper  reveals  that  a  large  part  of  this  trend  is  due  to  increased  educational  attainment  among  workers.  Higher  education  affects  labor  mobility  in  two  ways.  First,  having  a  larger  share  of  young  workers  in  school  rather  than  in  the  labor  market  precludes  these  very  workers,  who  are  typically  most  mobile,  from  switching  jobs  and  occupations.  Second,  education  provides  workers  an  alternative  to  learning  about  their  "type"  making  educated  workers  less  reliant  on  experimenting  with  new  jobs.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aIngredients
■650  4▼aPandemics
■650  4▼aTenure
■650  4▼aHouseholds
■650  4▼aEducation
■653    ▼aLabor  market
■653    ▼aWage  targeting
■653    ▼aMacroeconomics
■690    ▼a0515
■690    ▼a0510
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0501
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-01A.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2023
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359203▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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