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Subgrid Models for Electron-Scale Tokamak Turbulence
Subgrid Models for Electron-Scale Tokamak Turbulence
Subgrid Models for Electron-Scale Tokamak Turbulence

Detailed Information

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202103111
ISBN  
9798315702344
DDC  
530
저자명  
Tirkas, Stefan.
서명/저자  
Subgrid Models for Electron-Scale Tokamak Turbulence
발행사항  
[Sl] : University of Colorado at Boulder, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
215 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Parker, Scott.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Colorado at Boulder, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Tokamaks are currently the leading concept for thermonuclear fusion reactors, using magnetic fields to toroidally confine a hot plasma and achieve the conditions necessary for sustained fusion. However, experiments reveal anomalous heat and particle losses which far exceed collisional transport predictions and significantly degrade confinement. The anomalous radial transport is now known to result from drift-wave microturbulence, driven unstable in the plasma by the intense pressure gradients involved. Understanding these turbulent transport mechanisms is critical for predicting and maintaining steady-state energy production. After extensive development efforts, gyrokinetic theory and numerical modeling have emerged as essential tools for studying the complex nonlinear dynamics of tokamak microturbulence.Gyrokinetic simulations at ion gyroradius scales have successfully reproduced transport characteristics in agreement with experiment, but often underestimate electron thermal transport levels. The electron-temperature-gradient (ETG) mode, arising at electron gyroradius scales, is a key candidate to explain excess electron heat losses. ETG transport is expected to be particularly important in reactor-relevant plasmas like ITER, where ETG turbulence can interact with ion-scale turbulence through complex multiscale processes which are sensitive to small variations in equilibrium parameters. Direct simulation of these interactions remains computationally prohibitive, even on exascale computing platforms, thereby motivating the development of the subgrid model presented here. The subgrid model captures electron-scale effects in a reduced form suitable for whole-device modeling of future burning plasmas.Quasilinear modeling offers an efficient method for predicting turbulent transport spectra by leveraging linear gyrokinetic simulation results. Quaslinear theory is introduced here for modeling ion-scale turbulence in DIII-D shot #162940 using linear gyrokinetic simulation. The quasilinear predictions show good agreement with nonlinear flux spectra, and analysis is successfully extended to negative triangularity shaping - a plasma configuration which has reported reduced turbulent transport levels. Quasilinear models are further compared against nonlinear gyrokinetic ETG simulations and considered for reduced modeling of local electron-scale turbulence effects in global ion-scale simulation.A key mechanism of instability regulation is by perpendicular shearing from zonal flows (ZFs), which break up radially-elongated drift wave eddies. These are self-generated shear flows which are driven by growing primary instabilities as nonlinear effects become significant. Intermediate-scale gyrokinetic theory, encompassing wavelengths much shorter than the ion gyroradius but much longer than the electron gyroradius, predicts strong ETG-ZF coupling which is expected to drive significant ZF generation and ETG mode regulation. Zonal flow generation due to a single ETG mode is investigated in local single-mode gyrokinetic simulations and intermediate-scale results are found to be in agreement with the gyrokinetic theory. Full-spectrum results are then presented and explained qualitatively in terms of the single-mode results. The resulting intermediate-scale zonal flows have been reported to help regulate ion-scale turbulence levels in multiscale gyrokinetic simulation.A subgrid ETG model is then demonstrated which averages local electron-scale turbulence over intermediate scales in space and time to include in global ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) simulations. This approach results in ion-scale equations which incorporate the electron heat transport from ETG turbulence and effects of electron-scale turbulence on the ion scale. Local ETG simulations are performed at different radial locations and a kinetic form of the flux is added to global ion-scale simulations as a source term. Analytic radial profiles of ETG heat flux are constructed and compared to flux-tube results at multiple radial locations. Different ratios of ITG to ETG heat flux levels are considered and the results of capturing ETG heat transport in global ion-scale simulations are discussed. Potential coupling of the ETG streamer potential and intermediate-scale zonal flows to the ion scale is further addressed.
일반주제명  
Physics
일반주제명  
Plasma physics
일반주제명  
Nuclear physics
키워드  
Tokamak
키워드  
Turbulent transport
키워드  
Gyroradius scales
기타저자  
University of Colorado at Boulder Physics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■1001  ▼aTirkas,  Stefan.▼0(orcid)0000-0002-8050-617X
■24510▼aSubgrid  Models  for  Electron-Scale  Tokamak  Turbulence
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity  of  Colorado  at  Boulder▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a215  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  86-11,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Parker,  Scott.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--University  of  Colorado  at  Boulder,  2025.
■520    ▼aTokamaks  are  currently  the  leading  concept  for  thermonuclear  fusion  reactors,  using  magnetic  fields  to  toroidally  confine  a  hot  plasma  and  achieve  the  conditions  necessary  for  sustained  fusion.  However,  experiments  reveal  anomalous  heat  and  particle  losses  which  far  exceed  collisional  transport  predictions  and  significantly  degrade  confinement.  The  anomalous  radial  transport  is  now  known  to  result  from  drift-wave  microturbulence,  driven  unstable  in  the  plasma  by  the  intense  pressure  gradients  involved.  Understanding  these  turbulent  transport  mechanisms  is  critical  for  predicting  and  maintaining  steady-state  energy  production.  After  extensive  development  efforts,  gyrokinetic  theory  and  numerical  modeling  have  emerged  as  essential  tools  for  studying  the  complex  nonlinear  dynamics  of  tokamak  microturbulence.Gyrokinetic  simulations  at  ion  gyroradius  scales  have  successfully  reproduced  transport  characteristics  in  agreement  with  experiment,  but  often  underestimate  electron  thermal  transport  levels.  The  electron-temperature-gradient  (ETG)  mode,  arising  at  electron  gyroradius  scales,  is  a  key  candidate  to  explain  excess  electron  heat  losses.  ETG  transport  is  expected  to  be  particularly  important  in  reactor-relevant  plasmas  like  ITER,  where  ETG  turbulence  can  interact  with  ion-scale  turbulence  through  complex  multiscale  processes  which  are  sensitive  to  small  variations  in  equilibrium  parameters.  Direct  simulation  of  these  interactions  remains  computationally  prohibitive,  even  on  exascale  computing  platforms,  thereby  motivating  the  development  of  the  subgrid  model  presented  here.  The  subgrid  model  captures  electron-scale  effects  in  a  reduced  form  suitable  for  whole-device  modeling  of  future  burning  plasmas.Quasilinear  modeling  offers  an  efficient  method  for  predicting  turbulent  transport  spectra  by  leveraging  linear  gyrokinetic  simulation  results.  Quaslinear  theory  is  introduced  here  for  modeling  ion-scale  turbulence  in  DIII-D  shot  #162940  using  linear  gyrokinetic  simulation.  The  quasilinear  predictions  show  good  agreement  with  nonlinear  flux  spectra,  and  analysis  is  successfully  extended  to  negative  triangularity  shaping  -  a  plasma  configuration  which  has  reported  reduced  turbulent  transport  levels.  Quasilinear  models  are  further  compared  against  nonlinear  gyrokinetic  ETG  simulations  and  considered  for  reduced  modeling  of  local  electron-scale  turbulence  effects  in  global  ion-scale  simulation.A  key  mechanism  of  instability  regulation  is  by  perpendicular  shearing  from  zonal  flows  (ZFs),  which  break  up  radially-elongated  drift  wave  eddies.  These  are  self-generated  shear  flows  which  are  driven  by  growing  primary  instabilities  as  nonlinear  effects  become  significant.  Intermediate-scale  gyrokinetic  theory,  encompassing  wavelengths  much  shorter  than  the  ion  gyroradius  but  much  longer  than  the  electron  gyroradius,  predicts  strong  ETG-ZF  coupling  which  is  expected  to  drive  significant  ZF  generation  and  ETG  mode  regulation.  Zonal  flow  generation  due  to  a  single  ETG  mode  is  investigated  in  local  single-mode  gyrokinetic  simulations  and  intermediate-scale  results  are  found  to  be  in  agreement  with  the  gyrokinetic  theory.  Full-spectrum  results  are  then  presented  and  explained  qualitatively  in  terms  of  the  single-mode  results.  The  resulting  intermediate-scale  zonal  flows  have  been  reported  to  help  regulate  ion-scale  turbulence  levels  in  multiscale  gyrokinetic  simulation.A  subgrid  ETG  model  is  then  demonstrated  which  averages  local  electron-scale  turbulence  over  intermediate  scales  in  space  and  time  to  include  in  global  ion-temperature-gradient  (ITG)  simulations.  This  approach  results  in  ion-scale  equations  which  incorporate  the  electron  heat  transport  from  ETG  turbulence  and  effects  of  electron-scale  turbulence  on  the  ion  scale.  Local  ETG  simulations  are  performed  at  different  radial  locations  and  a  kinetic  form  of  the  flux  is  added  to  global  ion-scale  simulations  as  a  source  term.  Analytic  radial  profiles  of  ETG  heat  flux  are  constructed  and  compared  to  flux-tube  results  at  multiple  radial  locations.  Different  ratios  of  ITG  to  ETG  heat  flux  levels  are  considered  and  the  results  of  capturing  ETG  heat  transport  in  global  ion-scale  simulations  are  discussed.  Potential  coupling  of  the  ETG  streamer  potential  and  intermediate-scale  zonal  flows  to  the  ion  scale  is  further  addressed.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0051.
■650  4▼aPhysics
■650  4▼aPlasma  physics
■650  4▼aNuclear  physics
■653    ▼aTokamak
■653    ▼aTurbulent  transport
■653    ▼aGyroradius  scales
■690    ▼a0605
■690    ▼a0759
■690    ▼a0756
■71020▼aUniversity  of  Colorado  at  Boulder▼bPhysics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g86-11B.
■790    ▼a0051
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17356979▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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