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Dark Matter Couture: Designer Targets and Tailored Detectors for Next-Generation Searches
Dark Matter Couture: Designer Targets and Tailored Detectors for Next-Generation Searches
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103607
- ISBN
- 9798288863660
- DDC
- 530
- 저자명
- Ashour, Omar A.
- 서명/저자
- Dark Matter Couture: Designer Targets and Tailored Detectors for Next-Generation Searches
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of California, Berkeley, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 188 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Griffin, Sinead;Analytis, James.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Despite sustained efforts, direct detection of dark matter (DM) remains elusive. Propelled by cutting-edge advances in detector sensitivity and innovative proposals employing quantum materials, the search for DM has recently expanded to lower masses, encompassing well-motivated theories for light and ultralight candidates. However, detecting these low-mass candidates remains a formidable challenge, requiring target materials that exhibit measurable responses with just a few meV of energy deposition from dark matter scattering or absorption.State-of-the-art approaches for light DM detection face several challenges, including low-energy background discrimination, detection of single-phonons and single-magnons, and losses at the target-sensor interface. We address these challenges by proposing novel and complementary strategies from condensed matter physics: pressure-tunable targets and topological transition sensors.The first Chapter of this Dissertation provides a broad overview of DM and the effective field theory (EFT) we use to compute DM scattering rates from collective excitations in condensed matter systems. The second Chapter introduces relevant concepts from condensed matter theory, including the foundations of phonons and magnons within both classical and quantum formalisms. We detail several approaches for computing phonons and magnons from first-principles density functional theory (DFT), and close the Chapter by introducing topological insulators, a class of quantum materials central to most of the work we present.In the third Chapter, we explore how hydrostatic pressure---a well-established tool for tuning properties of condensed matter---presents a novel route for optimizing targets for light dark matter direct detection, specifically via phonons. Highly compressible solids are profoundly affected by pressure, and our results show that, in solid helium, the speed of sound and phonon frequencies are significantly enhanced by applying pressures up to 40 GPa. Our ab initio calculations illustrate how high pressure elevates helium from lacking single-phonon reach to rivaling leading candidates. Our findings establish pressure as an unexplored tuning knob for accessing lower dark matter mass regimes and suggest potential new avenues for background discrimination.In the fourth Chapter, we introduce topological transition sensors (TTSs), novel quantum sensors based on the bulk-boundary correspondence of topological insulators. Here, our DFT calculations show how phonons and magnons can transiently break bulk symmetries, gapping out topological surface states and driving a metal-insulator transition on the material's surface. We elucidate the unique advantages of TTSs for light DM detection and quantum sensing that complement conventional state-of-the-art cryogenic sensors. Further, we explore several readout schemes, and highlight the distinctive properties of TTSs, including directionality and quasiparticle selectivity.The fifth and sixth Chapters delve deeper into material realizations of TTSs in topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) for phonons and antiferromagnetic topological insulators (AFTIs) for magnons. We highlight the essential material properties for ideal TTS candidates, and thoroughly examine two material candidates, namely TCI Sr3PbO for phonons and AFTI VBi2Te2Se2 for magnons. These Chapters highlight many of the unique properties of TTSs that arise as a direct consequence of the interplay between the symmetries protecting the bulk topology and the quasiparticle-induced transient symmetry breaking. Further, we explore the inherent directionality of TTSs and illustrate the potential of doubly-topological materials for correlated multichannel sensing. Finally, in the seventh Chapter, we summarize our findings and explore future directions for tunable detectors and TTSs.
- 일반주제명
- Condensed matter physics
- 일반주제명
- Particle physics
- 일반주제명
- Energy
- 일반주제명
- Physical chemistry
- 키워드
- Magnons
- 키워드
- Phonons
- 키워드
- Solid helium
- 기타저자
- University of California, Berkeley Physics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-01B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
008260126s2025 us c eng d■001000017357841
■00520260202103607
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798288863660
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32042888
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a530
■1001 ▼aAshour, Omar A.
■24510▼aDark Matter Couture: Designer Targets and Tailored Detectors for Next-Generation Searches
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of California, Berkeley▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a188 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-01, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Griffin, Sinead;Analytis, James.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 2025.
■520 ▼aDespite sustained efforts, direct detection of dark matter (DM) remains elusive. Propelled by cutting-edge advances in detector sensitivity and innovative proposals employing quantum materials, the search for DM has recently expanded to lower masses, encompassing well-motivated theories for light and ultralight candidates. However, detecting these low-mass candidates remains a formidable challenge, requiring target materials that exhibit measurable responses with just a few meV of energy deposition from dark matter scattering or absorption.State-of-the-art approaches for light DM detection face several challenges, including low-energy background discrimination, detection of single-phonons and single-magnons, and losses at the target-sensor interface. We address these challenges by proposing novel and complementary strategies from condensed matter physics: pressure-tunable targets and topological transition sensors.The first Chapter of this Dissertation provides a broad overview of DM and the effective field theory (EFT) we use to compute DM scattering rates from collective excitations in condensed matter systems. The second Chapter introduces relevant concepts from condensed matter theory, including the foundations of phonons and magnons within both classical and quantum formalisms. We detail several approaches for computing phonons and magnons from first-principles density functional theory (DFT), and close the Chapter by introducing topological insulators, a class of quantum materials central to most of the work we present.In the third Chapter, we explore how hydrostatic pressure---a well-established tool for tuning properties of condensed matter---presents a novel route for optimizing targets for light dark matter direct detection, specifically via phonons. Highly compressible solids are profoundly affected by pressure, and our results show that, in solid helium, the speed of sound and phonon frequencies are significantly enhanced by applying pressures up to 40 GPa. Our ab initio calculations illustrate how high pressure elevates helium from lacking single-phonon reach to rivaling leading candidates. Our findings establish pressure as an unexplored tuning knob for accessing lower dark matter mass regimes and suggest potential new avenues for background discrimination.In the fourth Chapter, we introduce topological transition sensors (TTSs), novel quantum sensors based on the bulk-boundary correspondence of topological insulators. Here, our DFT calculations show how phonons and magnons can transiently break bulk symmetries, gapping out topological surface states and driving a metal-insulator transition on the material's surface. We elucidate the unique advantages of TTSs for light DM detection and quantum sensing that complement conventional state-of-the-art cryogenic sensors. Further, we explore several readout schemes, and highlight the distinctive properties of TTSs, including directionality and quasiparticle selectivity.The fifth and sixth Chapters delve deeper into material realizations of TTSs in topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) for phonons and antiferromagnetic topological insulators (AFTIs) for magnons. We highlight the essential material properties for ideal TTS candidates, and thoroughly examine two material candidates, namely TCI Sr3PbO for phonons and AFTI VBi2Te2Se2 for magnons. These Chapters highlight many of the unique properties of TTSs that arise as a direct consequence of the interplay between the symmetries protecting the bulk topology and the quasiparticle-induced transient symmetry breaking. Further, we explore the inherent directionality of TTSs and illustrate the potential of doubly-topological materials for correlated multichannel sensing. Finally, in the seventh Chapter, we summarize our findings and explore future directions for tunable detectors and TTSs.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0028.
■650 4▼aCondensed matter physics
■650 4▼aParticle physics
■650 4▼aEnergy
■650 4▼aPhysical chemistry
■653 ▼aDark matter detection
■653 ▼aMagnons
■653 ▼aPhonons
■653 ▼aQuantum materials
■653 ▼aSolid helium
■653 ▼aTopological insulators
■690 ▼a0611
■690 ▼a0798
■690 ▼a0791
■690 ▼a0494
■71020▼aUniversity of California, Berkeley▼bPhysics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-01B.
■790 ▼a0028
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357841▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


