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Automated Platforms and Software-Defined Instrumentation for Radar Sounding of Ice
Automated Platforms and Software-Defined Instrumentation for Radar Sounding of Ice
Automated Platforms and Software-Defined Instrumentation for Radar Sounding of Ice

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104850
ISBN  
9798288815232
DDC  
629.13
저자명  
Teisberg, Thomas Olmsted.
서명/저자  
Automated Platforms and Software-Defined Instrumentation for Radar Sounding of Ice
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
113 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Schroeder, Dustin.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Ice-penetrating radar (IPR) refers to a class of radar instruments used to image into and through ice, especially glacial ice found in Earth's glaciers, ice caps, and ice sheets. Since the 1960s, IPR has been used from airborne platforms to image englacial layers and the bedrock hidden beneath the surface of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) and the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS). Although other methods are also used to image beneath ice, IPR is the only remote sensing approach capable of giving direct measurements of ice thickness. As a result, IPR data plays a crucial role in our understanding of the dynamics of ice sheets and glaciers and in models of the future evolution, and sea level rise contributions, of these ice masses. Due to the complexity of the dynamics of Earth's ice sheets and the long timescales of their response to interactions with the ocean, atmosphere, and solid earth, much remains unknown about the dynamics of the AIS and GIS, especially in light of recent warming of the atmosphere. Understanding and predicting the future behavior of the AIS and GIS will require both expanding collection of sub-surface data and developing new ways to process and interpret it. The first two chapters focus on the development of a miniaturized, low-cost IPR system integrated with a small, fixed-wing uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV). Chapter 2 covers the development of core radar system, the Open Radar Code Architecture (ORCA), which was a collaborative effort with my fellow PhD student Anna Broome that we spun out as an open-source framework for building scientifically-driven customized ice-penetrating radar systems. The core of the approach is to use software-defined radios (SDRs) to be able to reduce development time by shifting much of the complexity of the instrument design from hardware into software. This approach allows us to rapidly develop different instruments with varying capabilities by utilizing a range of inter-compatible SDRs and/or simply changing the software configuration. The bulk of this work is focused on validation of the core software to ensure its suitability for building scienfic instruments. Chapter 3 introduces one of the radar instruments that inspired the development of ORCA. Peregrine is a 2-meter wingspan UAV carrying a miniaturized IPR instrument. Peregrine is in part a field instrument and in part a testing ground for future UAV-borne IPR designs. Aside from miniaturizing the core radar instrument to under 400 grams, the primary challenge with incorporating an IPR into a small UAV is the design of antennas that are compatible with the aircraft. Because IPR instruments operate at low frequencies, the antennas generally need to be fairly large. While this is not a major problem for crewed aircraft, it becomes particularly challenging on very small aircraft, such as UAVs. Peregrine used a set of miniaturized IPR antennas designed specifically to integrate under the wings with minimal impact to the aircraft design. Peregrine has been tested in real-world polar field conditions in Iceland, Svalbard, and Greenland. Results from those field campaigns are presented. Peregrine is also a testing ground for larger UAV-borne IPR systems. Ground testing has been completed on a variant of the Peregrine IPR instrument designed for a 4-meter wingspan UAV, utilizing lessons learned from the smaller-scale development effort. Chapter 4 discusses potential improvements to the Peregrine system as well as system design choices for adapting the Peregrine radar to larger UAS. This chapter provides selected quantitative performance targets that should be achievable by UAV-borne systems of various sizes and guideposts towards achieving them. Chapter 5 diverges slightly and discusses an emerging application of UAV-borne IPR surveying: interferometric processing of repeat-pass radar data to obtain estimates of englacial velocity. The availability of surface velocity measurements at high spatial and temporal scales has been transformative to our understanding of ice sheet dynamics. Unfortunately, measurements of sub-surface velocities have so far been limited to techniques requiring extensive on-the-ground fieldwork. With the improved capabilities to perform precise repeat measurements, UAV-borne IPR systems may offer a remote sensing option to measure the deformation of internal layers within the ice. This chapter contains an analysis of how these measurements of internal deformation may be used to reconstruct the three-dimensional velocity structure of the ice with minimal assumptions on the physical properties of the ice. Finally, chapter 6 summarizes the contributions of this work and lists possible next steps in the development of the ideas presented in each of the preceding chapters.
일반주제명  
Aeronautics
일반주제명  
Geophysics
일반주제명  
Software
일반주제명  
Rheology
일반주제명  
Signal processing
일반주제명  
Sea level
일반주제명  
Ice sheets
일반주제명  
Electrical engineering
키워드  
Uncrewed aerial vehicle
키워드  
Greenland Ice Sheet
키워드  
Antarctic Ice Sheet
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■0820  ▼a629.13
■1001  ▼aTeisberg,  Thomas  Olmsted.
■24510▼aAutomated  Platforms  and  Software-Defined  Instrumentation  for  Radar  Sounding  of  Ice
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a113  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Schroeder,  Dustin.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aIce-penetrating  radar  (IPR)  refers  to  a  class  of  radar  instruments  used  to  image  into  and  through  ice,  especially  glacial  ice  found  in  Earth's  glaciers,  ice  caps,  and  ice  sheets.  Since  the  1960s,  IPR  has  been  used  from  airborne  platforms  to  image  englacial  layers  and  the  bedrock  hidden  beneath  the  surface  of  the  Antarctic  Ice  Sheet  (AIS)  and  the  Greenland  Ice  Sheet  (GIS).  Although  other  methods  are  also  used  to  image  beneath  ice,  IPR  is  the  only  remote  sensing  approach  capable  of  giving  direct  measurements  of  ice  thickness.  As  a  result,  IPR  data  plays  a  crucial  role  in  our  understanding  of  the  dynamics  of  ice  sheets  and  glaciers  and  in  models  of  the  future  evolution,  and  sea  level  rise  contributions,  of  these  ice  masses.  Due  to  the  complexity  of  the  dynamics  of  Earth's  ice  sheets  and  the  long  timescales  of  their  response  to  interactions  with  the  ocean,  atmosphere,  and  solid  earth,  much  remains  unknown  about  the  dynamics  of  the  AIS  and  GIS,  especially  in  light  of  recent  warming  of  the  atmosphere.  Understanding  and  predicting  the  future  behavior  of  the  AIS  and  GIS  will  require  both  expanding  collection  of  sub-surface  data  and  developing  new  ways  to  process  and  interpret  it.  The  first  two  chapters  focus  on  the  development  of  a  miniaturized,  low-cost  IPR  system  integrated  with  a  small,  fixed-wing  uncrewed  aerial  vehicle  (UAV).  Chapter  2  covers  the  development  of  core  radar  system,  the  Open  Radar  Code  Architecture  (ORCA),  which  was  a  collaborative  effort  with  my  fellow  PhD  student  Anna  Broome  that  we  spun  out  as  an  open-source  framework  for  building  scientifically-driven  customized  ice-penetrating  radar  systems.  The  core  of  the  approach  is  to  use  software-defined  radios  (SDRs)  to  be  able  to  reduce  development  time  by  shifting  much  of  the  complexity  of  the  instrument  design  from  hardware  into  software.  This  approach  allows  us  to  rapidly  develop  different  instruments  with  varying  capabilities  by  utilizing  a  range  of  inter-compatible  SDRs  and/or  simply  changing  the  software  configuration.  The  bulk  of  this  work  is  focused  on  validation  of  the  core  software  to  ensure  its  suitability  for  building  scienfic  instruments.  Chapter  3  introduces  one  of  the  radar  instruments  that  inspired  the  development  of  ORCA.  Peregrine  is  a  2-meter  wingspan  UAV  carrying  a  miniaturized  IPR  instrument.  Peregrine  is  in  part  a  field  instrument  and  in  part  a  testing  ground  for  future  UAV-borne  IPR  designs.  Aside  from  miniaturizing  the  core  radar  instrument  to  under  400  grams,  the  primary  challenge  with  incorporating  an  IPR  into  a  small  UAV  is  the  design  of  antennas  that  are  compatible  with  the  aircraft.  Because  IPR  instruments  operate  at  low  frequencies,  the  antennas  generally  need  to  be  fairly  large.  While  this  is  not  a  major  problem  for  crewed  aircraft,  it  becomes  particularly  challenging  on  very  small  aircraft,  such  as  UAVs.  Peregrine  used  a  set  of  miniaturized  IPR  antennas  designed  specifically  to  integrate  under  the  wings  with  minimal  impact  to  the  aircraft  design.  Peregrine  has  been  tested  in  real-world  polar  field  conditions  in  Iceland,  Svalbard,  and  Greenland.  Results  from  those  field  campaigns  are  presented.  Peregrine  is  also  a  testing  ground  for  larger  UAV-borne  IPR  systems.  Ground  testing  has  been  completed  on  a  variant  of  the  Peregrine  IPR  instrument  designed  for  a  4-meter  wingspan  UAV,  utilizing  lessons  learned  from  the  smaller-scale  development  effort.  Chapter  4  discusses  potential  improvements  to  the  Peregrine  system  as  well  as  system  design  choices  for  adapting  the  Peregrine  radar  to  larger  UAS.  This  chapter  provides  selected  quantitative  performance  targets  that  should  be  achievable  by  UAV-borne  systems  of  various  sizes  and  guideposts  towards  achieving  them.  Chapter  5  diverges  slightly  and  discusses  an  emerging  application  of  UAV-borne  IPR  surveying:  interferometric  processing  of  repeat-pass  radar  data  to  obtain  estimates  of  englacial  velocity.  The  availability  of  surface  velocity  measurements  at  high  spatial  and  temporal  scales  has  been  transformative  to  our  understanding  of  ice  sheet  dynamics.  Unfortunately,  measurements  of  sub-surface  velocities  have  so  far  been  limited  to  techniques  requiring  extensive  on-the-ground  fieldwork.  With  the  improved  capabilities  to  perform  precise  repeat  measurements,  UAV-borne  IPR  systems  may  offer  a  remote  sensing  option  to  measure  the  deformation  of  internal  layers  within  the  ice.  This  chapter  contains  an  analysis  of  how  these  measurements  of  internal  deformation  may  be  used  to  reconstruct  the  three-dimensional  velocity  structure  of  the  ice  with  minimal  assumptions  on  the  physical  properties  of  the  ice.  Finally,  chapter  6  summarizes  the  contributions  of  this  work  and  lists  possible  next  steps  in  the  development  of  the  ideas  presented  in  each  of  the  preceding  chapters.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aAeronautics
■650  4▼aGeophysics
■650  4▼aSoftware
■650  4▼aRheology
■650  4▼aSignal  processing
■650  4▼aSea  level
■650  4▼aIce  sheets
■650  4▼aElectrical  engineering
■653    ▼aUncrewed  aerial  vehicle
■653    ▼aGreenland  Ice  Sheet
■653    ▼aAntarctic  Ice  Sheet
■690    ▼a0467
■690    ▼a0373
■690    ▼a0544
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-02B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359215▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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