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Evolution of the Lunar Dynamo
Evolution of the Lunar Dynamo
Evolution of the Lunar Dynamo

상세정보

자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260202104852
ISBN  
9798288817618
DDC  
549
저자명  
Jung, Ji-In.
서명/저자  
Evolution of the Lunar Dynamo
발행사항  
[Sl] : Stanford University, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
208 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-02, Section: B.
주기사항  
Advisor: Tikoo, Sonia.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약Planetary paleomagnetism provides a powerful window into the ancient magnetic fields and dynamo histories of terrestrial bodies such as Earth, the Moon, and Mars. Prior to the Apollo missions, the Moon was widely regarded as magnetically inert, largely due to the absence of detectable magnetic signals in early satellite observations (e.g., Luna 10, Explorer 35). This perception shifted dramatically with the return of Apollo samples, whose paleomagnetic analyses revealed a far more complex and long-lived history of the lunar magnetic field than previously imagined.The lunar dynamo is now thought to have initiated around ∼4.3 billion years ago (Ga), producing surface magnetic field intensities of ∼40 to 110 µT between approximately 3.9 Ga and 3.5 Ga (comparable to the strength of Earth's present-day magnetic field). Following this peak, the lunar magnetic field declined to ∼10-20 µT by ∼3.2 Ga and persisted in a weakened or potentially intermittent state (often termed the "low-field epoch") until it ceased entirely by around 0.9 Ga.Despite these findings, the mechanism responsible for sustaining such a strong and long-lived lunar dynamo remains poorly understood. The Moon's relatively small core is unlikely to support a thermochemically driven dynamo through conventional heat energy sources such as gravitational, differential, latent, or radiogenic heat. Consequently, a range of alternative power sources has been proposed, including thermocompositional convection and mechanical forcing from external processes such as massive impact events or precession. However, none of these mechanisms alone fully accounts for both the intensity and duration of the lunar magnetic field.Several recent paleomagnetic studies have even questioned the fundamental validity of earlier lunar paleointensity estimates. The observed magnetizations may instead reflect contamination from impact-generated plasma fields, spacecraft-induced magnetic fields, or other secondary overprints acquired long after the rocks originally formed. Further uncertainty arises from the intrinsic limitations of lunar magnetic carriers, which are known to be poor paleomagnetic recorders of remanent magnetization based on prior microscopic and rock magnetic analyses. As a result, whether the Moon ever sustained a global magnetic field-and, if so, which dynamo mechanisms operated during different stages of its magnetic history-remains one of the most compelling open questions in planetary science.This Ph.D. thesis integrates a series of studies that evaluate the fidelity of lunar magnetic records in order to address this central question.Chapter 1 explores the potential variability of the lunar magnetic field during the high-field epoch (3.9-3.5 Ga). Apollo samples from this time interval that exhibit low paleointensity values in the Apollo-era dataset were selected, and detailed paleomagnetic and rock magnetic analyses were conducted. This chapter was published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters under the terms of the Creative Commons License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0): Jung, J., Tikoo, S. M., Burns, D. H., V´aci, Z., Krawczynski, M. J. (2024), Assessing lunar paleointensity variability during the 3.9 - 3.5 Ga high field epoch. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 638, 118757. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118757.Chapter 2 examines the magnetic recording capabilities of lunar rocks, which have traditionally been considered poor magnetic recorders. This chapter presents an extensive suite of microscopic (SEM and TEM) and rock magnetic experiments on diverse Apollo mare basalt samples to evaluate (1) their suitability for paleointensity estimation and (2) other possible magnetic carriers (e.g., iron oxides). This chapter is currently under revision: Jung, J., Tikoo, S. M., Burns, D. H., V´aci, Z., Krawczynski, M. J., Solheid, P., Burns, D. H. (in review), Magnetic mineralogy in lunar mare basalts and implications for paleointensity retrieval. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets.Chapter 3 applies deep learning techniques to microscopic images for the automated identification of lunar mineral phases and basalt types. This framework is designed to support scalable petrological classification, potentially streamlining future assessments of lunar samples. This chapter is currently in preparation for submission to a peer-reviewed journal, under the title Automated mineral identification and rock classification in lunar mare basalts, with co-authors Tikoo, S. M., and Chung, J. The SEM image data were provided by Joy, C., Bell, S., Vaci, Z., and Day, J.Chapter 4 evaluates the effects of shock events and possible pressure demagnetization through controlled hydrostatic pressure experiments on Apollo samples. This chapter also integrates paleointensity data from both Apollo-era and modern studies to assess the global paleointensity variability of the lunar magnetic record. A manuscript titled The effect of shock demagnetization on lunar paleointensity records is currently in preparation for submission to a peer-reviewed journal, co-authored by Tikoo, S. M., Gattacceca, J., and Lepaulard, C.
일반주제명  
Minerals
일반주제명  
Microscopy
일반주제명  
Planetology
키워드  
Lunar magnetic field
키워드  
Planetary science
기타저자  
Stanford University.
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-02B.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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■1001  ▼aJung,  Ji-In.
■24510▼aEvolution  of  the  Lunar  Dynamo
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bStanford  University▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a208  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-02,  Section:  B.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Tikoo,  Sonia.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--Stanford  University,  2025.
■520    ▼aPlanetary  paleomagnetism  provides  a  powerful  window  into  the  ancient  magnetic  fields  and  dynamo  histories  of  terrestrial  bodies  such  as  Earth,  the  Moon,  and  Mars.  Prior  to  the  Apollo  missions,  the  Moon  was  widely  regarded  as  magnetically  inert,  largely  due  to  the  absence  of  detectable  magnetic  signals  in  early  satellite  observations  (e.g.,  Luna  10,  Explorer  35).  This  perception  shifted  dramatically  with  the  return  of  Apollo  samples,  whose  paleomagnetic  analyses  revealed  a  far  more  complex  and  long-lived  history  of  the  lunar  magnetic  field  than  previously  imagined.The  lunar  dynamo  is  now  thought  to  have  initiated  around  ∼4.3  billion  years  ago  (Ga),  producing  surface  magnetic  field  intensities  of  ∼40  to  110  µT  between  approximately  3.9  Ga  and  3.5  Ga  (comparable  to  the  strength  of  Earth's  present-day  magnetic  field).  Following  this  peak,  the  lunar  magnetic  field  declined  to  ∼10-20  µT  by  ∼3.2  Ga  and  persisted  in  a  weakened  or  potentially  intermittent  state  (often  termed  the  "low-field  epoch")  until  it  ceased  entirely  by  around  0.9  Ga.Despite  these  findings,  the  mechanism  responsible  for  sustaining  such  a  strong  and  long-lived  lunar  dynamo  remains  poorly  understood.  The  Moon's  relatively  small  core  is  unlikely  to  support  a  thermochemically  driven  dynamo  through  conventional  heat  energy  sources  such  as  gravitational,  differential,  latent,  or  radiogenic  heat.  Consequently,  a  range  of  alternative  power  sources  has  been  proposed,  including  thermocompositional  convection  and  mechanical  forcing  from  external  processes  such  as  massive  impact  events  or  precession.  However,  none  of  these  mechanisms  alone  fully  accounts  for  both  the  intensity  and  duration  of  the  lunar  magnetic  field.Several  recent  paleomagnetic  studies  have  even  questioned  the  fundamental  validity  of  earlier  lunar  paleointensity  estimates.  The  observed  magnetizations  may  instead  reflect  contamination  from  impact-generated  plasma  fields,  spacecraft-induced  magnetic  fields,  or  other  secondary  overprints  acquired  long  after  the  rocks  originally  formed.  Further  uncertainty  arises  from  the  intrinsic  limitations  of  lunar  magnetic  carriers,  which  are  known  to  be  poor  paleomagnetic  recorders  of  remanent  magnetization  based  on  prior  microscopic  and  rock  magnetic  analyses.  As  a  result,  whether  the  Moon  ever  sustained  a  global  magnetic  field-and,  if  so,  which  dynamo  mechanisms  operated  during  different  stages  of  its  magnetic  history-remains  one  of  the  most  compelling  open  questions  in  planetary  science.This  Ph.D.  thesis  integrates  a  series  of  studies  that  evaluate  the  fidelity  of  lunar  magnetic  records  in  order  to  address  this  central  question.Chapter  1  explores  the  potential  variability  of  the  lunar  magnetic  field  during  the  high-field  epoch  (3.9-3.5  Ga).  Apollo  samples  from  this  time  interval  that  exhibit  low  paleointensity  values  in  the  Apollo-era  dataset  were  selected,  and  detailed  paleomagnetic  and  rock  magnetic  analyses  were  conducted.  This  chapter  was  published  in  Earth  and  Planetary  Science  Letters  under  the  terms  of  the  Creative  Commons  License  (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0):  Jung,  J.,  Tikoo,  S.  M.,  Burns,  D.  H.,  V´aci,  Z.,  Krawczynski,  M.  J.  (2024),  Assessing  lunar  paleointensity  variability  during  the  3.9  -  3.5  Ga  high  field  epoch.  Earth  and  Planetary  Science  Letters,  638,  118757.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2024.118757.Chapter  2  examines  the  magnetic  recording  capabilities  of  lunar  rocks,  which  have  traditionally  been  considered  poor  magnetic  recorders.  This  chapter  presents  an  extensive  suite  of  microscopic  (SEM  and  TEM)  and  rock  magnetic  experiments  on  diverse  Apollo  mare  basalt  samples  to  evaluate  (1)  their  suitability  for  paleointensity  estimation  and  (2)  other  possible  magnetic  carriers  (e.g.,  iron  oxides).  This  chapter  is  currently  under  revision:  Jung,  J.,  Tikoo,  S.  M.,  Burns,  D.  H.,  V´aci,  Z.,  Krawczynski,  M.  J.,  Solheid,  P.,  Burns,  D.  H.  (in  review),  Magnetic  mineralogy  in  lunar  mare  basalts  and  implications  for  paleointensity  retrieval.  Journal  of  Geophysical  Research:  Planets.Chapter  3  applies  deep  learning  techniques  to  microscopic  images  for  the  automated  identification  of  lunar  mineral  phases  and  basalt  types.  This  framework  is  designed  to  support  scalable  petrological  classification,  potentially  streamlining  future  assessments  of  lunar  samples.  This  chapter  is  currently  in  preparation  for  submission  to  a  peer-reviewed  journal,  under  the  title  Automated  mineral  identification  and  rock  classification  in  lunar  mare  basalts,  with  co-authors  Tikoo,  S.  M.,  and  Chung,  J.  The  SEM  image  data  were  provided  by  Joy,  C.,  Bell,  S.,  Vaci,  Z.,  and  Day,  J.Chapter  4  evaluates  the  effects  of  shock  events  and  possible  pressure  demagnetization  through  controlled  hydrostatic  pressure  experiments  on  Apollo  samples.  This  chapter  also  integrates  paleointensity  data  from  both  Apollo-era  and  modern  studies  to  assess  the  global  paleointensity  variability  of  the  lunar  magnetic  record.  A  manuscript  titled  The  effect  of  shock  demagnetization  on  lunar  paleointensity  records  is  currently  in  preparation  for  submission  to  a  peer-reviewed  journal,  co-authored  by  Tikoo,  S.  M.,  Gattacceca,  J.,  and  Lepaulard,  C.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0212.
■650  4▼aMinerals
■650  4▼aMicroscopy
■650  4▼aPlanetology
■653    ▼aLunar  magnetic  field
■653    ▼aPlanetary  science
■690    ▼a0590
■71020▼aStanford  University.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-02B.
■790    ▼a0212
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17359227▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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