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Essays on Development Economics: Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets and Social Returns to Infrastructure Investments
Essays on Development Economics: Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets and Social ...
Essays on Development Economics: Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets and Social Returns to Infrastructure Investments

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자료유형  
 학위논문 서양
최종처리일시  
20260209102933
ISBN  
9798270290474
DDC  
658
저자명  
Picardo, Pablo Ariel.
서명/저자  
Essays on Development Economics: Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets and Social Returns to Infrastructure Investments
발행사항  
[Sl] : The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2025
발행사항  
Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
형태사항  
96 p
주기사항  
Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-07, Section: A.
주기사항  
Advisor: Hendricks, Lutz.
학위논문주기  
Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2025.
초록/해제  
요약This dissertation contains two independent chapters on major constraints in developing economies: pervasive labor‑market informality and underinvestment in infrastructure.Chapter 1 - Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets. Using a two‑sector equilibrium search model with wage posting, estimated for low‑educated men in Sao Paulo, the chapter compares two size‑dependent policy instruments: stronger, progressive enforcement against informality and a smooth, revenue‑based special tax regime (STR) for small formal firms that phases out with size. In the model, stronger enforcement shifts activity toward formality and raises wages, output, and welfare with little change in unemployment. The STR's effects are sensitive to design and market equilibrium: with fixed offer arrivals it fragments the formal sector and lowers GDP and welfare; when arrivals respond to market tightness, moderate relief yields small gains mainly via improved match quality, while deeper relief erodes revenue and dissipates gains.Chapter 2 - The Social Rate of Return on Road Infrastructure Investments. Motivated by the fact that roughly one billion people live more than two kilometers from an all‑season road, this chapter estimates country‑specific social rates of return to an additional kilometer of two‑lane highway across 55 emerging-market and developing economies (EMDEs) by combining macro production‑function estimates of the marginal product of public capital with hedonic, country‑specific construction costs from the World Bank's ROCKS database. Returns are high but heterogeneous, median 55% (mean 97%), and decline with income; relative to a 7% U.S. benchmark for the social return on private capital, the median excess is about eightfold (roughly five times the pre‑liberalization equity premium that created Emerging Markets equity funds). A Dual‑Hurdle map summarizes where domestic and foreign efficiency conditions are met, and macro estimates are read alongside micro and financial evidence.
일반주제명  
Finance
키워드  
Developing economies
키워드  
Special tax regime
키워드  
Infrastructure investments
키워드  
Labor markets
키워드  
Taxation
기타저자  
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Economics
기본자료저록  
Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-07A.
전자적 위치 및 접속  
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MARC

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■035    ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32284497
■040    ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820  ▼a658
■1001  ▼aPicardo,  Pablo  Ariel.
■24510▼aEssays  on  Development  Economics:  Special  Tax  Regimes  in  Informal  Labor  Markets  and  Social  Returns  to  Infrastructure  Investments
■260    ▼a[Sl]▼bThe  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill▼c2025
■260  1▼aAnn  Arbor▼bProQuest  Dissertations  &  Theses▼c2025
■300    ▼a96  p
■500    ▼aSource:  Dissertations  Abstracts  International,  Volume:  87-07,  Section:  A.
■500    ▼aAdvisor:  Hendricks,  Lutz.
■5021  ▼aThesis  (Ph.D.)--The  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill,  2025.
■520    ▼aThis  dissertation  contains  two  independent  chapters  on  major  constraints  in  developing  economies:  pervasive  labor‑market  informality  and  underinvestment  in  infrastructure.Chapter  1  -  Special  Tax  Regimes  in  Informal  Labor  Markets.  Using  a  two‑sector  equilibrium  search  model  with  wage  posting,  estimated  for  low‑educated  men  in  Sao  Paulo,  the  chapter  compares  two  size‑dependent  policy  instruments:  stronger,  progressive  enforcement  against  informality  and  a  smooth,  revenue‑based  special  tax  regime  (STR)  for  small  formal  firms  that  phases  out  with  size.  In  the  model,  stronger  enforcement  shifts  activity  toward  formality  and  raises  wages,  output,  and  welfare  with  little  change  in  unemployment.  The  STR's  effects  are  sensitive  to  design  and  market  equilibrium:  with  fixed  offer  arrivals  it  fragments  the  formal  sector  and  lowers  GDP  and  welfare;  when  arrivals  respond  to  market  tightness,  moderate  relief  yields  small  gains  mainly  via  improved  match  quality,  while  deeper  relief  erodes  revenue  and  dissipates  gains.Chapter  2  -  The  Social  Rate  of  Return  on  Road  Infrastructure  Investments.  Motivated  by  the  fact  that  roughly  one  billion  people  live  more  than  two  kilometers  from  an  all‑season  road,  this  chapter  estimates  country‑specific  social  rates  of  return  to  an  additional  kilometer  of  two‑lane  highway  across  55  emerging-market  and  developing  economies  (EMDEs)  by  combining  macro  production‑function  estimates  of  the  marginal  product  of  public  capital  with  hedonic,  country‑specific  construction  costs  from  the  World  Bank's  ROCKS  database.  Returns  are  high  but  heterogeneous,  median  55%  (mean  97%),  and  decline  with  income;  relative  to  a  7%  U.S.  benchmark  for  the  social  return  on  private  capital,  the  median  excess  is  about  eightfold  (roughly  five  times  the  pre‑liberalization  equity  premium  that  created  Emerging  Markets  equity  funds).  A  Dual‑Hurdle  map  summarizes  where  domestic  and  foreign  efficiency  conditions  are  met,  and  macro  estimates  are  read  alongside  micro  and  financial  evidence.
■590    ▼aSchool  code:  0153.
■650  4▼aFinance
■653    ▼aDeveloping  economies
■653    ▼aSpecial  tax  regime
■653    ▼aInfrastructure  investments
■653    ▼aLabor  markets
■653    ▼aTaxation
■690    ▼a0501
■690    ▼a0510
■690    ▼a0511
■690    ▼a0508
■71020▼aThe  University  of  North  Carolina  at  Chapel  Hill▼bEconomics.
■7730  ▼tDissertations  Abstracts  International▼g87-07A.
■790    ▼a0153
■791    ▼aPh.D.
■792    ▼a2025
■793    ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17366039▼nKERIS▼z이  자료의  원문은  한국교육학술정보원에서  제공합니다.

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