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Essays on Development Economics: Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets and Social Returns to Infrastructure Investments
Essays on Development Economics: Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets and Social Returns to Infrastructure Investments
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260209102933
- ISBN
- 9798270290474
- DDC
- 658
- 서명/저자
- Essays on Development Economics: Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets and Social Returns to Infrastructure Investments
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 96 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-07, Section: A.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Hendricks, Lutz.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약This dissertation contains two independent chapters on major constraints in developing economies: pervasive labor‑market informality and underinvestment in infrastructure.Chapter 1 - Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets. Using a two‑sector equilibrium search model with wage posting, estimated for low‑educated men in Sao Paulo, the chapter compares two size‑dependent policy instruments: stronger, progressive enforcement against informality and a smooth, revenue‑based special tax regime (STR) for small formal firms that phases out with size. In the model, stronger enforcement shifts activity toward formality and raises wages, output, and welfare with little change in unemployment. The STR's effects are sensitive to design and market equilibrium: with fixed offer arrivals it fragments the formal sector and lowers GDP and welfare; when arrivals respond to market tightness, moderate relief yields small gains mainly via improved match quality, while deeper relief erodes revenue and dissipates gains.Chapter 2 - The Social Rate of Return on Road Infrastructure Investments. Motivated by the fact that roughly one billion people live more than two kilometers from an all‑season road, this chapter estimates country‑specific social rates of return to an additional kilometer of two‑lane highway across 55 emerging-market and developing economies (EMDEs) by combining macro production‑function estimates of the marginal product of public capital with hedonic, country‑specific construction costs from the World Bank's ROCKS database. Returns are high but heterogeneous, median 55% (mean 97%), and decline with income; relative to a 7% U.S. benchmark for the social return on private capital, the median excess is about eightfold (roughly five times the pre‑liberalization equity premium that created Emerging Markets equity funds). A Dual‑Hurdle map summarizes where domestic and foreign efficiency conditions are met, and macro estimates are read alongside micro and financial evidence.
- 일반주제명
- Finance
- 키워드
- Labor markets
- 키워드
- Taxation
- 기타저자
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Economics
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 87-07A.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798270290474
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI32284497
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a658
■1001 ▼aPicardo, Pablo Ariel.
■24510▼aEssays on Development Economics: Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets and Social Returns to Infrastructure Investments
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a96 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 87-07, Section: A.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Hendricks, Lutz.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2025.
■520 ▼aThis dissertation contains two independent chapters on major constraints in developing economies: pervasive labor‑market informality and underinvestment in infrastructure.Chapter 1 - Special Tax Regimes in Informal Labor Markets. Using a two‑sector equilibrium search model with wage posting, estimated for low‑educated men in Sao Paulo, the chapter compares two size‑dependent policy instruments: stronger, progressive enforcement against informality and a smooth, revenue‑based special tax regime (STR) for small formal firms that phases out with size. In the model, stronger enforcement shifts activity toward formality and raises wages, output, and welfare with little change in unemployment. The STR's effects are sensitive to design and market equilibrium: with fixed offer arrivals it fragments the formal sector and lowers GDP and welfare; when arrivals respond to market tightness, moderate relief yields small gains mainly via improved match quality, while deeper relief erodes revenue and dissipates gains.Chapter 2 - The Social Rate of Return on Road Infrastructure Investments. Motivated by the fact that roughly one billion people live more than two kilometers from an all‑season road, this chapter estimates country‑specific social rates of return to an additional kilometer of two‑lane highway across 55 emerging-market and developing economies (EMDEs) by combining macro production‑function estimates of the marginal product of public capital with hedonic, country‑specific construction costs from the World Bank's ROCKS database. Returns are high but heterogeneous, median 55% (mean 97%), and decline with income; relative to a 7% U.S. benchmark for the social return on private capital, the median excess is about eightfold (roughly five times the pre‑liberalization equity premium that created Emerging Markets equity funds). A Dual‑Hurdle map summarizes where domestic and foreign efficiency conditions are met, and macro estimates are read alongside micro and financial evidence.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0153.
■650 4▼aFinance
■653 ▼aDeveloping economies
■653 ▼aSpecial tax regime
■653 ▼aInfrastructure investments
■653 ▼aLabor markets
■653 ▼aTaxation
■690 ▼a0501
■690 ▼a0510
■690 ▼a0511
■690 ▼a0508
■71020▼aThe University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill▼bEconomics.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g87-07A.
■790 ▼a0153
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17366039▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


