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Pediatric Bacterial Infections and Sepsis in Bamako, Mali: Epidemiology, Treatment, and Potential Endotoxin Vaccine Impact
Pediatric Bacterial Infections and Sepsis in Bamako, Mali: Epidemiology, Treatment, and Potential Endotoxin Vaccine Impact
상세정보
- 자료유형
- 학위논문 서양
- 최종처리일시
- 20260202103116
- ISBN
- 9798315744955
- DDC
- 614.4
- 저자명
- Still, William.
- 서명/저자
- Pediatric Bacterial Infections and Sepsis in Bamako, Mali: Epidemiology, Treatment, and Potential Endotoxin Vaccine Impact
- 발행사항
- [Sl] : University of Maryland, Baltimore, 2025
- 발행사항
- Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2025
- 형태사항
- 149 p
- 주기사항
- Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
- 주기사항
- Advisor: Kotloff, Karen L.;Tapia, Milagritos D.
- 학위논문주기
- Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, Baltimore, 2025.
- 초록/해제
- 요약Background: Infections leading to sepsis cause substantial pediatric hospitalizations and deaths worldwide, and healthcare management is particularly difficult in highest-burden low-income settings such as Mali due to conflicting evidence of treatment effectiveness and mounting antibiotic resistance. Few studies describe region-specific burden of sepsis and sepsis management. Objectives: We aimed to (i) describe the burden of hospitalizations and deaths and (ii) assess the impact of supportive care therapies on in-hospital mortality among patients with sepsis at l'Hopital Gabriel Toure (HGT), a tertiary care center in Bamako, Mali and (iii) evaluate the health impact and economic feasibility of an endotoxin vaccine if implemented in Bamako. Methods: We used a prospective cohort study to temporally describe etiology and case fatality of bacterial infections at HGT. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression models were used to evaluate associations between supportive care therapies (antibiotics, fluids, and oxygen therapy) and in-hospital death. We estimated the health impact and economic feasibility of endotoxin vaccine (maternal, pediatric after birth, and joint scenarios) if implemented in Bamako. Results: Vaccine-preventable infection burden remains low at HGT, while proportions of patients with S. aureus and Gram-negative rods (GNR) and associated mortality have increased. No impact of antibiotics on mortality [adjusted odds ratio (aOR: 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90, 2.18) or fluids (aOR: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.65) was found, while supplemental oxygen was associated with increased odds of in-hospital death (aOR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.50, 2.91). A maternal vaccination program was estimated to avert 569 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per birth cohort (95% CI: 243, 880), costing $127 per DALY averted (95% CI: $81, $301), and was the most cost-effective vaccine scenario. Conclusion: In-hospital mortality due to infections leading to sepsis has drastically risen and remains alarmingly high. Given no apparent benefit of current supportive therapies utilized, further study is needed to improve sepsis management and critical care. If efficacious endotoxin vaccine were licensed and administered maternally, it would be lifesaving and cost-effective if implemented.
- 일반주제명
- Epidemiology
- 일반주제명
- Public health
- 일반주제명
- Pediatrics
- 키워드
- Mali
- 키워드
- Sepsis
- 기타저자
- University of Maryland, Baltimore Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine
- 기본자료저록
- Dissertations Abstracts International. 86-11B.
- 전자적 위치 및 접속
- 로그인 후 원문을 볼 수 있습니다.
MARC
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■00520260202103116
■006m o d
■007cr#unu||||||||
■020 ▼a9798315744955
■035 ▼a(MiAaPQ)AAI31937124
■040 ▼aMiAaPQ▼cMiAaPQ
■0820 ▼a614.4
■1001 ▼aStill, William.
■24510▼aPediatric Bacterial Infections and Sepsis in Bamako, Mali: Epidemiology, Treatment, and Potential Endotoxin Vaccine Impact
■260 ▼a[Sl]▼bUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore▼c2025
■260 1▼aAnn Arbor▼bProQuest Dissertations & Theses▼c2025
■300 ▼a149 p
■500 ▼aSource: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-11, Section: B.
■500 ▼aAdvisor: Kotloff, Karen L.;Tapia, Milagritos D.
■5021 ▼aThesis (Ph.D.)--University of Maryland, Baltimore, 2025.
■520 ▼aBackground: Infections leading to sepsis cause substantial pediatric hospitalizations and deaths worldwide, and healthcare management is particularly difficult in highest-burden low-income settings such as Mali due to conflicting evidence of treatment effectiveness and mounting antibiotic resistance. Few studies describe region-specific burden of sepsis and sepsis management. Objectives: We aimed to (i) describe the burden of hospitalizations and deaths and (ii) assess the impact of supportive care therapies on in-hospital mortality among patients with sepsis at l'Hopital Gabriel Toure (HGT), a tertiary care center in Bamako, Mali and (iii) evaluate the health impact and economic feasibility of an endotoxin vaccine if implemented in Bamako. Methods: We used a prospective cohort study to temporally describe etiology and case fatality of bacterial infections at HGT. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression models were used to evaluate associations between supportive care therapies (antibiotics, fluids, and oxygen therapy) and in-hospital death. We estimated the health impact and economic feasibility of endotoxin vaccine (maternal, pediatric after birth, and joint scenarios) if implemented in Bamako. Results: Vaccine-preventable infection burden remains low at HGT, while proportions of patients with S. aureus and Gram-negative rods (GNR) and associated mortality have increased. No impact of antibiotics on mortality [adjusted odds ratio (aOR: 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.90, 2.18) or fluids (aOR: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.97, 1.65) was found, while supplemental oxygen was associated with increased odds of in-hospital death (aOR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.50, 2.91). A maternal vaccination program was estimated to avert 569 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) per birth cohort (95% CI: 243, 880), costing $127 per DALY averted (95% CI: $81, $301), and was the most cost-effective vaccine scenario. Conclusion: In-hospital mortality due to infections leading to sepsis has drastically risen and remains alarmingly high. Given no apparent benefit of current supportive therapies utilized, further study is needed to improve sepsis management and critical care. If efficacious endotoxin vaccine were licensed and administered maternally, it would be lifesaving and cost-effective if implemented.
■590 ▼aSchool code: 0373.
■650 4▼aEpidemiology
■650 4▼aPublic health
■650 4▼aPediatrics
■653 ▼aEndotoxin vaccine
■653 ▼aLimited medical resource settings
■653 ▼aMali
■653 ▼aPediatric bacterial infections
■653 ▼aSepsis
■690 ▼a0766
■690 ▼a0767
■690 ▼a0573
■71020▼aUniversity of Maryland, Baltimore▼bEpidemiology and Preventive Medicine.
■7730 ▼tDissertations Abstracts International▼g86-11B.
■790 ▼a0373
■791 ▼aPh.D.
■792 ▼a2025
■793 ▼aEnglish
■85640▼uhttp://www.riss.kr/pdu/ddodLink.do?id=T17357009▼nKERIS▼z이 자료의 원문은 한국교육학술정보원에서 제공합니다.


